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- Asano, Masanari, et al.
(författare)
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Quantum-Like Model for Decision Making Process inTwo Players Game : A Non-Kolmogorovian Model
- 2011
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Ingår i: Foundations of physics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0015-9018 .- 1572-9516. ; 41:3, s. 538-548
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In experiments of games, players frequently make choices which are regarded as irrational in game theory. In papers of Khrennikov (Information Dynamics in Cognitive, Psychological and Anomalous Phenomena. Fundamental Theories of Physics, Kluwer Academic, Norwell, 2004; Fuzzy Sets Syst. 155:4-17, 2005; Biosystems 84:225-241, 2006; Found. Phys. 35(10):1655-1693, 2005; in QP-PQ Quantum Probability and White Noise Analysis, vol. XXIV, pp. 105-117, 2009), it was pointed out that statistics collected in such the experiments have "quantum-like" properties, which can not be explained in classical probability theory. In this paper, we design a simple quantum-like model describing a decision-making process in a two-players game and try to explain a mechanism of the irrational behavior of players. Finally we discuss a mathematical frame of non-Kolmogorovian system in terms of liftings (Accardi and Ohya, in Appl. Math. Optim. 39:33-59, 1999).
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| 5. |
- Basieva, Irina, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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Testing Boundaries of Applicability of Quantum Probabilistic Formalism to Modeling of Cognition : Metaphors of Two and Three Slit Experiments
- 2017
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Ingår i: QUANTUM INTERACTION, QI 2016. - Cham : Springer. - 9783319522883 - 9783319522890 ; , s. 49-56
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Analogy between the two slit experiment in quantum mechanics (QM) and the disjunction effect in psychology led to fruitful applications of the mathematical formalism of quantum probability to cognitive psychology. These quantum-like studies demonstrated that quantum probability (QP) matches better with the experimental statistical data than classical probability (CP). Similar conclusion can be derived from comparing QP and CP models for a variety of other cognitive-psychological effects, e.g., the order effect. However, one may wonder whether QP covers completely cognitive-psychological phenomena or cognition exhibits even more exotic probabilistic features and we have to use probabilistic models with even higher degree of nonclassicality than quantum probability. It is surprising that already a cognitive analog of the triple slit experiment in QM can be used to check this problem.
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| 7. |
- Dragovich, Branko, et al.
(författare)
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Ultrametrics in the genetic code and the genome
- 2017
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Ingår i: Applied Mathematics and Computation. - : Elsevier. - 0096-3003 .- 1873-5649. ; 309, s. 350-358
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ultrametric approach to the genetic code and the genome is considered and developed. p-Adic degeneracy of the genetic code is pointed out. Ultrametric tree of the codon space is presented. It is shown that codons and amino acids can be treated as p-adic ultrametric networks. Ultrametric modification of the Hamming distance is defined and noted how it can be useful. Ultrametric approach with p-adic distance is an attractive and promising trend towards investigation of bioinformation. © 2017 Elsevier Inc.
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| 8. |
- Dzhafarov, Ehtibar, et al.
(författare)
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Foreword
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of mathematical psychology (Print). - USA : Elsevier BV. - 0022-2496 .- 1096-0880. ; 78, s. 1-1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 9. |
- Haven, Emmanuel, et al.
(författare)
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Quantum Methods in Social Science : A First Course
- 2017
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Bok (refereegranskat)abstract
- Shown here is how basic concepts of physics can be used to improve models in finance, economics, psychology and biology. Readers are introduced to how physical theory can inform non-physical phenomena in the social sciences, thereby improving decision making and modeling capabilities in research-based and professional settings.Consisting of three parts, the first part deals with the application of quantum operator methods to financial transactions and population dynamics. Part two develops physical concepts, working from classical Lagrangian and Hamiltonian mechanics and leading to an introduction of quantum information and its application to decision making. The final part treats classical and quantum probability theory in some detail and deals, at a more advanced level, with the impact of quantum probabilities on common knowledge and common beliefs between agents in systems.Quantum Methods in Social Science is a high level textbook for advanced undergraduate or graduate students of economics, finance and business, while also being of interest to those with a background in physics.
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| 10. |
- Iurato, G., et al.
(författare)
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Formal foundations for the origins of human consciousness
- 2016
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Ingår i: P-Adic Numbers, Ultrametric Analysis, and Applications. - : Pleiades Publishing. - 2070-0466 .- 2070-0474. ; 8:4, s. 249-279
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the framework of p-adic analysis (the simplest version of analysis on trees in which hierarchic structures are presented through ultrametric distance) applied to formalize psychic phenomena, we would like to propose some possible first hypotheses about the origins of human consciousness centered on the basic notion of time symmetry breaking as meant according to quantum field theory of infinite systems. Starting with Freud’s psychophysical (hydraulic) model of unconscious and conscious flows of psychic energy based on the three-orders mental representation, the emotional order, the thing representation order, and the word representation order, we use the p-adic (treelike) mental spaces to model transition from unconsciousness to preconsciousness and then to consciousness. Here we explore theory of hysteresis dynamics: conscious states are generated as the result of integrating of unconscious memories. One of the main mathematical consequences of our model is that trees representing unconscious and consciousmental states have to have different structures of branching and distinct procedures of clustering. The psychophysical model of Freud in combination with the p-adic mathematical representation gives us a possibility to apply (for a moment just formally) the theory of spontaneous symmetry breaking of infinite dimensional field theory, to mental processes and, in particular, to make the first step towards modeling of interrelation between the physical time (at the level of the emotional order) and psychic time at the levels of the thing and word representations. Finally, we also discuss some related topological aspects of the human unconscious, following Jacques Lacan’s psychoanalytic concepts.
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