| 1. |
- Granhag, Pär-Anders, 1964
(författare)
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Deception detection: discriminating between true and false intentions
- 2010
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Ingår i: Program for 9th International Conference of the International Academy for Investigative Psychology (London, January, 2010).
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Today there is a large body of literature on deception detection, and virtually all this research is on lie-catchers’ ability to discriminate between truthful and deceptive statements about past actions, or liars’ and truth-tellers’ verbal/non-verbal behaviour when talking about past actions. This is remarkable considering the frequency and importance of situations calling for assessments of whether a person is lying or telling the truth about his or her intentions (e.g., stated reasons for crossing a boarder or entering a stadium). In brief, the societal value of an increased accuracy in detecting criminal intent (i.e., illegal actions planned, but not yet committed) can hardly be overstated. In this talk I will describe some theoretical notions that might be of assistance when studying true and false intentions (e.g. episodic future thought). I will also try to illuminate some of the trademarks of forming true intentions and false intentions. In addition, I will give a brief presentation of three recent empirical studies, focusing on different aspects of true and false intentions.
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| 2. |
- Granhag, Pär-Anders, 1964
(författare)
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Deception detection: Some new developments
- 2009
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Ingår i: 13 Fachgruppentagung Rechtpsychologie der Deutschen Gesellschaft fur Psychologie (DGPs).
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- To be able to correctly assess the veracity of statements offered by suspects, witnesses and alleged victims is of paramount importance in legal settings. Today there is a large body of research on people’s deception detection ability, and the research literature is to a large extent focused on lie-catchers’ unsuccessful strategies and the consequences that follow. The aim of this talk is to acknowledge a new wave of research, aiming at interviewing in ways which will increase deception detection accuracy. Specifically, I will discuss three new and promising extensions of the (more general) information-gathering approach; (1) the strategic use of evidence approach (the SUE-technique), (2) the cognitive load approach, and (3) the use of unanticipated questions. I will pay particular attention to strategic use of evidence in order to detect deception, and to this end a theoretical framework will be sketched; a framework resting upon psychological notions from three domains: (a) the psychology of instrumental mind reading, (b) the psychology of self-regulation, and (c) the psychology of guilt and innocence (liars' and truth-tellers' strategies).
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| 3. |
- Granhag, Pär-Anders, 1964
(författare)
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Deception detection via strategic disclosure of evidence
- 2009
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Ingår i: Invited keynote lecture at the seminar “Deception detection and managing suspects interviews”. Aberdeen University/ Scottish Institute for Policing Research, SIPR. (Aberdeen, Scotland)..
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- To be able to correctly assess the veracity of statements offered by suspects, witnesses and alleged victims is of paramount importance in legal settings. Today there is a large body of research on people’s deception detection ability, and the research literature is to a large extent focused on the lie-catchers’ unsuccessful strategies and the consequences that follow. The aim of this talk is to provide an initial piece of scientific support for the idea that psychologically informed mind reading can improve people’s ability to detect deception. To this end a theoretical framework will be sketched; a framework resting upon psychological notions from three domains: (a) the psychology of mind reading, (b) the psychology of self-regulation, and (c) the psychology of guilt and innocence (liars' and truth-tellers' strategies). I will also a new wave of research on deception detection
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| 4. |
- Granhag, Pär-Anders, 1964, et al.
(författare)
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Episodic future thought: Illuminating the trademarks of forming true and false intentions
- 2011
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Ingår i: Applied Cognitive Psychology. - 0888-4080. ; 25, s. 274-280
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper we argue that the emerging concept of episodic future thought (EFT) is a good candidate for capturing the core mental processes at play when forming an intention. Furthermore, we argue that tapping essential EFT features can be helpful in understanding how statements expressing true and false intent may differ, as well as the planning processes upon which such statements are based. Specifically, we argue that the processes relevant for constructing a convincing cover-story (which a guilty suspect needs to draw attention away from his or her criminal intent) will be much less characterized by the features typically following EFT. To test our assumption we devised a new experimental paradigm accommodating the main characteristics of intent and allowing for episodic future thought (the participants were encouraged to envisage themselves acting at a particular time and place in the future). The combined empirical evidence strongly supports our assumption that EFT is a helpful concept for illuminating the differences between true and false intent.
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| 5. |
- Knieps, Melanie, 1982, et al.
(författare)
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How to discriminate between true and false intent? Towards a new experimental paradigm
- 2009
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Ingår i: Program of the 6th meeting of the Nordic Network for research on Psychology and Law (NNPL), Tallinn, Estonia.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We argue that the emerging concept of episodic future thought (EFT) is a prime candidate for capturing the core mental processes at play when forming an intention. Furthermore, we argued that tapping the most essential EFT feature - to represent the future in the form of a mental image - will cast light on how statements on the formation of true and false intentions may differ. Specifically, we assumed that the processes relevant for constructing a convincing cover-story (which is needed in order to conceal a criminal intent) are very different from the processes at play when forming a true intention. To test our assumption we devised an experimental set-up accommodating the main characteristics of intent and allowing for EFT (the participants were encouraged to envisage themselves acting in the future). The combined empirical evidence supports our assumption that EFT illuminates the differences between forming true and false intentions.
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| 6. |
- Leander, Lina, 1977, et al.
(författare)
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Internet-initiated sexual abuse: Adolescent victims’ reports about on- and off-line sexual activities
- 2008
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Ingår i: Applied Cognitive Psychology. ; 22:9, s. 1260-1274
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this study was to investigate how adolescent girls, who had been sexually (on- and off-line) deceived and abused by an Internet hebephile, reported about these acts. As we had access to documentation of 68 girls' conversations (chat logs) and involvement with the perpetrator, we were able to gauge what the victims reported during the police interview against this detailed information. In contrast with findings from previous research, the majority of the victims reported about the off-line activities with the perpetrator. However, the victims omitted and/or denied more of the on-line activities, specifcally the more sexual on-line acts (e.g. participating in sexual web shows). There is probabaly a gap between what the victims reported and what they presumably remembered about the on-line activities.
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| 7. |
- Meiling, Liu, 1970, et al.
(författare)
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A new wave of research on adults’ ability in detecting children’s lies.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Forensic Update. ; :95, s. 20-23
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper we present an overview of a new wave of research examining adults' ability to detect children's deception, and the stratgies used by children as they are lying and telling the truth.
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| 8. |
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Suspect interviewing strategies: When to disclose the evidence
- 2011
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Ingår i: 4th International Congress on Psychology & Law.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Literature on behavioral differences between liars and truth tellers shows that there are few objective cues to deception. The present study aims at expanding the literature on strategic use of evidence during interviews with mock terrorism suspects. We investigated differences in strategies and verbal behaviour beween truth telling and deceptive suspects during interviews of varying styles. Preliminary results lend further support to the utility of the SUE technique, by showing that cues to deception are more pronounced when the evidence is withheld to the end of the interview compared to when it is released early or gradually throughout the interview.
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| 9. |
- Vrij, A, 1960, et al.
(författare)
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A comparison between lying about intentions and past activities: Verbal cues and detection accuracy
- 2011
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Ingår i: Applied Cognitive Psychology. - 0888-4080. ; 25, s. 212-218
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the present two experiments we compared lying about intentions and past activities. In Experiment 1 truth tellers and liars left a building to collect a package from a specified location and deliver it somewhere else. They were interviewed about their intentions before leaving the building and about their activities after having completed the mission. Based on the concepts ‘cognitive load’, ‘episodic future thought’, ‘avoidance strategies’ and ‘impression management’ we expected the recall of truthful intentions and past activities to be more plausible and detailed than descriptions of deceptive intentions and past activities. Participants in Experiment 2 read transcripts of these interviews. Although Experiment 1 revealed more cues to deceit in the past activities interviews (plausibility and detail) than in the intentions interviews (plausibility), participants in Experiment 2 were best at distinguishing between true and false intent.
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| 10. |
- Vrij, Aldert, et al.
(författare)
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Good liars
- 2010
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Ingår i: The Journal of Psychiatry & Law. - 0093-1853. ; 38:Spring/Summer, s. 77-98
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A neglected area in deception research is what constitutes a good liar. On the basis of deception theory, people's views about how liars respond, impression formation theory, and persuasion theory, we describe eighteen attributes which in our view are present in a good liar. Insight into these characteristics will help law enforcement personnel in two ways: It provides insight into who would be suitable for undercover operations, and it may help lie detectors, because one reason why people make errors in lie detection is that they do not take the full complexity of deception into account and seem to have limited knowledge about what is actually going on in a liar's mind.
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