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Sökning: hsv:(SAMHÄLLSVETENSKAP) > Övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt > Kungliga Tekniska Högskolan

  • Resultat 1-10 av 2784
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1.
  • Hasic, Tigran, 1969- (författare)
  • Reconstruction planning in post-conflict zones : Bosnia and Herzegovina and the international community
  • 2004
  • Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • The history of mankind has been plagued by an almost continuous chain of various armed conflicts - local, regional, national and global - that have caused horrendous damage to the social and physical fabric of cities. The tragedy of millions deprived by war still continues. This study sets out to understand the nature of reconstruction after war in the light of recent armed conflicts. It attempts to catalogue and discuss the tasks involved in the process of reconstruction planning by establishing a conceptual framework of the main issues in the reconstruction process. The case of Bosnia and Herzegovina is examined in detail and on the whole acts as the leit-motif of the whole dissertation and positions reconstruction in the broader context of sustainable development. The study is organized into two parts that constitute the doctoral aggregate dissertation – a combining of papers with an introductory monograph. In this case the introductory monograph is an extended one and there are six papers that follow. Both sections can be read on their own merits but also constitute one entity.The rebuilding of war-devastated countries and communities can be seen as a series of nonintegrated activities carried out (and often imposed) by international agencies and governments, serving political and other agendas. The result is that calamities of war are often accompanied by the calamities of reconstruction without any regard to sustainable development. The body of knowledge related to post-conflict reconstruction lacks a strong and cohesive theory. In order to better understand the process of reconstruction we present a qualitative inquiry based on the Grounded Theory Method developed originally by Barney Glaser and Anselm Strauss (1967). This approach utilizes a complex conceptualization with empirical evidence to produce theoretical structure. The results of process have evolved into the development of a conceptual model, called SCOPE (Sustainable Communities in Post-conflict Environments).This study proposes both a structure within which to examine post-conflict reconstruction and provides an implementation method. We propose to use the SCOPE model as a set of strategy, policy and program recommendations to assist the international community and all relevant decision-makers to ensure that the destruction and carnage of war does not have to be followed by a disaster of post-conflict reconstruction. We also offer to provide a new foundation and paradigm on post-conflict reconstruction, which incorporates and integrates a number of approaches into a multidisciplinary and systems thinking manner in order to better understand the complexity and dependencies of issues at hand. We believe that such a systems approach could better be able to incorporate the complexities involved and would offer much better results than the approaches currently in use.The final section of this study returns to the fact that although it is probably impossible to produce universal answers, we desperately need to find commonalities amongst different postconflict reconstruction settings in order to better deal with the reconstruction planning in a more dynamic, proactive, and sustainable manner.
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2.
  • Al Ghafri, Aziza, 1982- (författare)
  • "I Wanna Be Free" : On the Challenges and Coping Strategies of Women Entrepreneurs in Sweden
  • 2024
  • Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • Women's entrepreneurship is often presented as important for creating economic prosperity at the national level and is said to offer freedom, independence, and emancipation for women. The purpose of this study is to explore the conditions of women entrepreneurs who have different backgrounds in Sweden. To achieve this purpose, this study focuses on the challenges women entrepreneurs perceive and the coping strategies they employ to navigate these challenges. The study adopts an intersectional gender perspective, grounded in research on entrepreneurship, gender, and ethnicity. It draws on qualitative data collected through semi-structured interviews with women entrepreneurs in Sweden who have different backgrounds. The findings show that the challenges experienced by the women entrepreneurs included lack of support, being belittled, being excluded, having to work harder and be strong and having to adapt. The analysis discusses that these challenges can be understood as a result of gendered perceptions of entrepreneurship and processes of Othering. Ethnicity and race also play a role in shaping these conditions. The interviewed women deal with the conditions through four strategies: the assimilation strategy; the positive strategy, the ambiguity strategy, and the change strategy. The coping strategies are discussed in relation to empowerment and emancipation. From a theoretical perspective, this study contributes to developing concepts and conceptual relationships to capture how gender, ethnicity, and race impact women's conditions as entrepreneurs. 
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3.
  • Ahmad Termida, Nursitihazlin, 1981-, et al. (författare)
  • Attrition and Fatigue in a Four Waves of Two-Week Travel Diary : A Case Study in Stockholm, Sweden
  • Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • This paper describes a four-wave panel survey design and implementation collected on individual level, consisting of three survey’s instrument namely, self-reported two-week travel diary, on-line psychological questionnaire, and self-reported mental map-related questions. The panel survey is built with the aim to examine individuals’ behavioural changes when a new tram extension line in western sub-urban areas of Stockholm, Sweden, was introduced in October 2013. The survey duration took approximately seven months’ period and the data collected covers all four different seasons of the year, which make it wealth of information. The analysis of attrition and fatigue was done on the two-week travel diary survey instrument only. It is found that the overall attrition rate is 34.3% of the total participants (102 individuals) in the Wave 1 survey, which is considered large. The attrition rate between consecutive waves, however, is considered low which is within the range of 7% to 10%. Based on the binary logit models, there are no systematic tendencies of the dropouts’ characteristics from wave to wave to be found, indicating attrition is purely random. There is no correlation between immobile days and missing trips per day are to be found between-waves. The results of the binary logit model on missing trip show that personal attributes, temporal factors (e.g. weekdays and waves) and travel characteristics (e.g. home-based trip, trip purpose, travel distance and number of inter-modal transfers) significantly affect the missing trip but no indication of fatigue appears.
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4.
  • Finnveden, Göran, et al. (författare)
  • Policy Instruments towards a sustainable waste management
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: Solid waste management: Policy and planning for a sustainable society. - : Apple Academic Press. - 9781771883740 - 9780429091650 ; , s. 185-246, s. 185-246
  • Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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5.
  • Gullberg, Anders, 1947- (författare)
  • Spelet om Nedre Norrmalm
  • 1998
  • Ingår i: Stockholm blir stor stad. - Stockholm : Byggförlaget. - 9179881394 ; , s. 8-49
  • Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • Få projekt har skapat sådana konflikter i Stockholms stadsplanehistoria som citysa­neringen. De skiljaktiga meningarna skar rakt igenom partier och privata organisationer. Politikerna och näringslivets företrädare förhandlade och gjorde bytesaffärer. Av de 52 hektar som skulle totalsaneras enligt Cityplanen 1967 blev endast 24 förverkligade.
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8.
  • Novotny, Michael, et al. (författare)
  • Publication to Patent Analysis for Detecting Science & Technology Frontiers : The Case of Biofuels, Biochemicals and Biomaterials or Academic Lock-In is Not Necessarily Affecting Business Behavior
  • Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • In this paper we apply large-scale review methodologies and introduce the PPA model - Publication to Patent Analysis ‑ in order to map recent developments in science and technology frontiers of biorefinery activities. Using a bibliometrical approach in the PPA model, we aim to detect and analyze scientific and technological trends in a potentially huge sector. This study takes on the challenge of closing the gap between two strands of analysis - publication analysis and a parallel patent analysis. Bibliometrics is used in order to provide the basis for identification of Science & Technology frontiers, i.e. clusters. Moreover, the data analysis can be used for probabilistic topic modelling of clusters created from publication and patent data. In the studies of knowledge transfer between science and technology this kind of approach has previously been applied only at the micro level. We provide a novel approach proposed for analyses of broader technology sectors which may support policymakers, R&D funding agencies as well as industrial management in the production of scientific and technological intelligence. In our case study results indicate that old forest industry nations in Europe (Austria, Germany, and Sweden) seem at best reactive and pragmatic leaning on their industrial specialization. In general, the EU countries are lagging behind when it comes to new and fast-growing science fields based on non-woody biomass materials and product fields and instead concentrated to more mature or slow-growing wood-based activities.
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9.
  • Sörlin, Sverker, et al. (författare)
  • Mer tvärvetenskap?
  • 2005
  • Ingår i: "I den absoluta frontlinjen". - Stockholm : Nya Doxa. - 9157804656 ; , s. 319-368
  • Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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10.
  • von Oelreich, Jacob, 1978- (författare)
  • Shorelines of adaptation and fields of innovation : Emerging sustainability transformations in sea-level rise planning and the food system
  • 2017
  • Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • This licentiate thesis builds on the understanding that there is an urgent need for radical and systemic transformations towards sustainability in all parts of society, since current socio-ecological relations are highly unsustainable. The aim of the thesis is to explore emerging societal transformations towards strengthened sustainability through case studies within planning for sea-level rise and the food system, respectively.A warmer climate leads to rising sea levels. Although it is uncertain how fast sea levels will rise, and by how much, preparing and adapting to sea-level rise is crucial for society. The global food system is profoundly unsustainable and in need of transformations to sustainability. This thesis links two separate studies, one examining the state of planning for future sea-level rise in Swedish municipalities, the other exploring to what extent organic food initiatives can push the dominant food system in the direction of sustainability transformations. In both studies, the main methods used are qualitative interviews and document surveys.The results show that transformational change towards sustainability builds on different strategies in different fields. Whereas in planning for sea-level rise the emphasis lies on handling and adapting to one of the main impacts of climate change, rising sea levels, under conditions of uncertainty, the focus within food systems change directed at sustainability lies on creating sustainable alternatives that can challenge the dominant food regime. However, in both fields there is a need for moving from a currently dominant regime or paradigm to one characterized by sustainability and dynamic robustness, respectively. This requires a shift in understanding of socio-ecological relations, in turn connected to values and politics.Key recommendations from this thesis include that planning for sea-level rise should be guided by dynamically robust planning approaches, worst-case scenarios for future sea-level rise should be taken into account, a long-term perspective should be considered, and a national strategy for sea-level rise planning in Sweden should be developed. To strengthen the sustainability of the food system, a variety of organic food initiatives, methods and models should be encouraged, organic food initiatives should persistently strive to build niches and alliances departing from Organic 3.0 values, and as sustainability transformations require radical and systemic changes in values, governance, social practices, policies and economic structures, food systems change should be aimed accordingly.
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