| 1. |
- Eriksson, Louise, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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The importance of structural, situational, and psychological factors for involving hunters in the adaptive flyway management of geese
- 2023
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Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 2045-2322. ; 13:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Adaptive flyway management of superabundant geese is emerging as a strategy to reduce damage to agricultural crops and other ecosystem disservices, while also ensuring sustainable use and conservation objectives. Given the calls for intensified hunting as part of flyway management in Europe, we need to increase the understanding of structural, situational, and psychological factors important for goose hunting among hunters. Our survey data, retrieved in southern Sweden, showed a higher potential to intensify hunting among goose hunters than other hunters. In response to hypothetical policy instruments (including regulations, collaborative, and others), hunters declared a minor increase in their intention to hunt geese, with the greatest expected increase among goose hunters should the hunting season be extended. Situational factors (e.g., access to hunting grounds) were associated with goose hunting (frequency, bag size, and intention to increase hunting). In addition, controlled motivation (derived from external pressures or to avoid guilt) and more importantly autonomous motivation (due to hunting being enjoyable or valuable) were along with goose hunter identity positively associated with goose hunting. Hunters’ involvement in flyway management may be encouraged by using policy instruments to remove situational barriers and facilitate their autonomous motivation.
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| 2. |
- Bostedt, Göran, 1966-, et al.
(författare)
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Accounting for cultural heritage : A theoretical and empirical exploration with focus on Swedish reindeer husbandry
- 2010
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Ingår i: Ecological Economics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0921-8009 .- 1873-6106. ; 69:3, s. 651-657
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this paper is to explore some of the theoretical and empirical aspects of an economy which includes cultural capital. We use a simple dynamic growth model and the concept of a social accounting matrix (SAM) to illustrate how the addition of income flows and net changes of various natural and cultural resources can be incorporated into a broader measure of welfare. The Swedish reindeer industry, managed by the indigenous Sami people, is used as an example since it is generally regarded to have significant cultural heritage value, beyond its contribution to conventional national accounts. We discuss a theoretically correct compensation to a cultural sector for preserving and maintaining a cultural heritage. Furthermore, we attempt to estimate the cultural value of the Sámi Reindeer sector in Sweden using a CVM survey. The results suggest that the willingness to pay (per year) to maintain cultural heritage at least at the current level may be quite substantive, estimates showing it can be several times the industry's turnover per year.
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| 3. |
- Downing, Andrea S., et al.
(författare)
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Unlocking the unsustainable rice-wheat system of Indian Punjab : Assessing alternatives to crop-residue burning from a systems perspective
- 2022
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Ingår i: Ecological Economics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0921-8009 .- 1873-6106. ; 195
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Crop residue burning in Indian Punjab emits particulate matter with detrimental impacts on health, climate and that threaten agricultural production. Though legal and technological barriers to residue burning exist – and alternatives considered more profitable to farmers – residue burning continues. We review black carbon (BC) emissions from residue burning in Punjab, analyse social-ecological processes driving residue burning, and rice and wheat value-chains. Our aims are to a) understand system feedbacks driving agricultural practices in Punjab; b) identify systemic effects of alternatives to residue burning and c) identify companies and financial actors investing in agricultural production in Punjab. We find feedbacks locking the system into crop residue burning. The Government of India has greatest financial leverage and risk in the current system. Corporate stakeholders have little financial incentive to enact change, but sufficient stakes in the value chains to influence change. Agricultural policy changes are necessary to reduce harmful impacts of current practices, but insufficient to bringing about sustainability. Transformative changes will require crop diversification, circular business models and green financing. Intermediating financial institutions setting sustainability conditions on loans could leverage these changes. Sustainability requires the systems perspective we provide, to reconnect production with demand and with supporting environmental conditions.
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| 4. |
- Mårald, Erland, et al.
(författare)
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Exploring the use of a dialogue process to tackle a complex and controversial issue in forest management
- 2015
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0282-7581 .- 1651-1891. ; 30:8, s. 749-756
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article explores the use of a dialogue process to approach complex issues related to forest management. Aninterdisciplinary research team set up an experimental dialogue process concerning the use of introduced tree speciesin Southern Sweden for the purposes of climate change adaptation. The process involved stakeholders at a regionallevel, including those with divergent opinions regarding introduced tree species and their use in forestry. Through aprocess of repeated meetings and exchanges with researchers, the participant’s knowledge was deepened and grouprelationships developed such that the group was able to jointly formulate a set of policy recommendations. Theinvestigation revealed that dialogue processes may improve decision-making by identifying priorities for action orfurther research. However, when a collaborative process targets complex environmental issues on larger geographicaland temporal scales, as matters about forests typically do, a collaborative process must be integrated with externalactors and institutions in order to attain tangible outcomes. Consequently, to fully access the benefits of usingcollaborative processes to handle complex challenges in forest policy and management, the connections betweenpolitical sphere, the private sector, authorities and research institutions must be concretely established.
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| 5. |
- Öhrman, Phillip, et al.
(författare)
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En studie om tillit till inventeringssystemet för stora rovdjur
- 2019
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Tillit, att lita på samhället och på sina medmänniskor, är samhällets kitt. Ett samhälle, inklusive dess olika komponenter, som präglas av hög tillit antas fungera bättre än om tilliten är låg. Syftet med vår studie är att utvärdera tilliten till inventeringssystemet för stora rovdjur bland de myndigheter och intresseorganisationer som är direkt berörda av systemet. På basis av intervjuer utvärderade vi tilliten genom sex olika delkomponenter; kommunikation,ansvars- och kompetensfördelning, resurser, respekt, kunskap och rättvisa. Vi har identifierat brister i alla sex delkomponenterna vilket sammantaget resulterar i att tilliten för systemet kan betecknas som låg. • Kommunikationen i systemet; hur kommunikationen sker, vad somkommuniceras, och på vilket sätt beslut kommuniceras upplevs som undermålig.• Ansvars- och kompetensfördelningen upplevs som otydlig. Det finns en klyfta mellan de som fastställer regler och riktlinjer och de som utför inventeringarna, varför relationerna präglas mer av kontroll och misstro än av handlingsutrymme och tillit.• Inventeringsresurserna räcker inte till eller prioriteras fel; t.ex. prioriteras varg på bekostnad av de övriga arterna. Det minskar förutsättningarna att fatta välgrundade beslut om ersättningar för rovdjurspredation ochom licens- och skyddsjakt.• Respekten för kunskap, näringsverksamhet och ideellt arbete upplevs som bristfällig. Respekten missgynnas också av den rigida kontrollkultur som upplevs ha utvecklats till följd av mål- och resultatstyrning i kombination med strikta inventeringskriterier.• Integrationen av ny kunskap är bristfällig. Bristen på ett systematiskt s.k. adaptivt lärande leder till att nya lösningar inte tillämpas eller utvecklas i tillräckligt hög grad.• Systemet upplevs som orättvist och slutet. En översyn av hur kostnader och nytta fördelas efterlyses av aktörerna, både vad gäller direkta kostnader,men även transaktionskostnader, dvs. kostnader förknippade med samråd och samverkan. Det är också oklart hur aktörerna aktivt tillåts delta i utvecklingen av systemet. Aktörerna lyfter fram en rad förslag till hur tilliten kan stärkas. Det utgör grunden till förbättringar som också kan accepteras av de flesta:• Inled ett systematiskt kvalitetssäkringsarbete med fokus på dialog och aktörssamverkan, till exempel inom ramen för Dialog för Naturvård.• Arbeta gemensamt fram en tydlig rollfördelning som beskriver vem som gör vad, när och varför inom hela inventeringskedjan, med syftet att öka förutsägbarheten för alla inblandade.• Skapa incitament och strukturer för adaptiv förvaltning inom hela inventeringskedjan,på alla nivåer.• Ta fram en översyn av hur kostnader och nytta fördelas för alla aktörer.Det ska inkludera direkta kostnader och transaktionskostnader, dvs. kostnader förknippade med samråd och samverkan.• Utveckla och effektivisera inventeringsmetoderna, gärna med ny teknik som DNA, kameror och drönare. Utöka samarbetet med forskningsprojekt som till exempel ScandCam.• Återkoppla direkt till intresseorganisationernas och allmänhetens observationerför att öka motivationen att rapportera.• Utveckla ett regelverk för de år där det saknas inventeringsdata (t.ex.på grund av snöbrist), genom till exempel en rutin för framskrivning av antalet djur baserat på trendanalys.• Minska fjärrstyrningen, NVs roll bör vara mer koordinerande än kontrollerande.• Verka för kunskapsintegration (s.k. kollektiv intelligens) genom att samordnakunskaper, vetenskaplig samt lokal och traditionell kunskap, så att det gagnar hela systemet.• Gör en översyn av hur resurser fördelas och prioriteras i systemet.
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| 6. |
- Eriksson, Max, et al.
(författare)
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Viltvårdsavgiften : En studie av svenskarnas vilja att betala det statliga jaktkortet
- 2018
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Viltvårdsavgiften ska enligt Jaktförordningen (SFS 1987:905, 49 §) betalas av alla över 18 år som jagar i Sverige. Avgiften är 300 kr och gäller för ett jaktår, vilket omfattar tiden 1 juli–30 juni. Det statliga jaktkortet är ett kvitto på att denna avgift är betald. Under de senaste decennierna har antalet personer som löser det statliga jaktkortet minskat. I den här rapporten, som är ett utredningsuppdrag från Naturvårdsverket till Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet (SLU), undersöks varför antalet personer som löser jaktkort minskar, och om antalet jaktkortslösare som ägnar sig åt jakt också minskat över tid. Rapporten omfattar endast personer bosatta i Sverige.
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| 7. |
- Andersson, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Ambio fit for the 2020s
- 2022
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Ingår i: Ambio. - : Springer Nature. - 0044-7447 .- 1654-7209. ; 51:5, s. 1091-1093
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 8. |
- Moore, Jason W., 1971-
(författare)
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Environmental crises and the metabolic rift in world-historical perspective
- 2000
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Ingår i: Organization & environment. - 1086-0266 .- 1552-7417. ; 13:2, s. 123-157
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article proposes a new theoretical framework to study the dialectic of capital and nature over the longue durée of world capitalism. The author proposes that today’s global ecological crisis has its roots in the transition to capitalism during the long sixteenth century. The emergence of capitalism marked not only a decisive shift in the arenas of politics, economy, and society, but a fundamental reorganization of world ecology, characterized by a “metabolic rift,” a progressively deepening rupture in the nutrient cycling between the country and the city. Building upon the historical political economy of Marx, Foster, Arrighi, and Wallerstein, the author proposes a new research agenda organized around the concept of systemic cycles of agro-ecological transformation. This agenda aims at discerning the ways in which capitalism’s relationship to nature developed discontinuously over time as recurrent ecological crises have formed a decisive moment of world capitalist crisis, forcing successive waves of restructuring over long historical time.
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| 9. |
- Johansson, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Expectations about voluntary efforts in collaborative governance and the fit with perceived prerequisites of intrinsic motivation in Sweden’s ecosystem-based moose management system
- 2022
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Ingår i: Ecology & Society. - : Resilience Alliance. - 1708-3087. ; 27:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Collaborative governance regimes may be vulnerable because of dependency on stakeholders’ voluntary engagement and efforts. This study focuses on the Swedish moose management system, a multi-level collaborative governance regime inspired by the ecosystem approach. Self-determination theory is used to explore perceived prerequisites of basic needs for intrinsic motivation across sub-groups of stakeholder representatives who are engaged across different social-ecological contexts. Questionnaire data collected among representatives at two governance levels, moose management groups (n = 624) and moose management units (n = 979), were subjected to two-step cluster analysis. The analyses revealed two sub-groups of representatives, characterized by differences in species composition and land ownership structure: managers of multi-ungulate areas and managers of large-carnivore areas. In several respects, these groups significantly differed in how they perceived the prerequisites. This included prerequisites of perceived competence with regard to their need for knowledge of topics and usefulness of monitoring methods, perceived autonomy operationalized as possibilities to perform their tasks with sufficient time, resources, and support from their organizations, and perceived relatedness to different groups of actors. Further efforts should be made to understand the conditions required for representatives to energize and direct their behavior. The institutional system must better fit the needs of stakeholder representatives across various local contexts, otherwise the space for local voluntary engagement might be hampered.
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| 10. |
- Bostedt, Göran, 1966-, et al.
(författare)
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Acidification Remediation Alternatives : Exploring the Temporal Dimension with Cost Benefit Analysis
- 2010
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Ingår i: Ambio. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0044-7447 .- 1654-7209. ; 39:1, s. 40-48
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Acidification of soils and surface waters caused by acid deposition is still a major problem in southern Scandinavia, despite clear signs of recovery. Besides emission control, liming of lakes, streams, and wetlands is currently used to ameliorate acidification in Sweden. An alternative strategy is forest soil liming to restore the acidified upland soils from which much acidified runoff originates. This cost-benefit analysis compared these liming strategies with a special emphasis on the time perspective for expected benefits. Benefits transfer was used to estimate use values for sport ffishing and nonuse values in terms of existence values. The results show that large-scale forest soil liming is not socioeconomically profitable, while lake liming is, if it is done efficiently-in other words, if only acidified surface waters are treated. The beguiling logic of "solving'' an environmental problem at its source (soils), rather than continuing to treat the symptoms (surface waters), is thus misleading.
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