| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
- Kimanzu, Ngolia, et al.
(author)
-
What Is the Evidence Base Linking Gender with Access to Forests and Use of Forest Resources for Food Security in Low- and Middle-Income Countries? A Systematic Evidence Map
- 2021
-
In: Forests. - : MDPI AG. - 1999-4907 .- 1999-4907. ; 12:8
-
Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In nearly all parts of the world, an important part of people's livelihood is derived from natural resources. Gender is considered one of the most important determinants of access and control over forests. It is thought that women and men within households and communities have different opportunities and different roles and responsibilities in relation to forest use. It is probable that when women have equal access to forests, better food security outcomes can be achieved for individuals and households that are dependent on forests for their livelihoods. A systematic evidence map of the evidence base linking gender with access to forests and use of forest resources for food security was undertaken. Ten bibliographic databases and 22 websites of international development and conservation organisations were searched using keywords suggested by stakeholders. Other articles were found by emailing authors and organisations to send potentially relevant publications. 19,500 articles were retrieved from bibliographic databases and 1281 from other sources. After iterative screening, 77 studies were included: 41 focussed on Africa, 22 on Asia, 12 on Latin America, 2 were global. Most indicators of food security measure access to food, measured by total consumption, expenditure, or income. Studies showed strong gender specialisation: commercial access and utilisation of forests and forest products dominated by men, whereas access for subsistence and household consumption is almost exclusively the task of women. Despite the large number of studies reviewed, limitations of the evidence base, including methodological heterogeneity, a dominance of case studies as the study design, and unequal geographical representation in study locations, make it difficult to generalise about the overall importance of gender and its effect on access to and use of forests for food security in developing countries. The critical gaps in the evidence base include geographical representation in primary research and a greater breadth of study designs to assess gender implications of access to forest resources globally.
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
|
|
| 6. |
- Haggblade, Steven, et al.
(author)
-
Cassava Commercialization in Southeastern Africa
- 2012
-
In: Journal of Agribusiness in Developing and Emerging Economies. - : Emerald. - 2044-0839 .- 2044-0847. ; 2:1, s. 4-40
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Purpose – Cassava production surged noticeably in Southeastern Africa beginning in the 1990s. The purpose of this paper is to examine the commercial responses and food security consequences of cassava production growth in the region. Design/methodology/approach – The paper incorporates a mix of quantitative analysis, based primarily on original analysis of national farm household survey data, together with key informant interviews with value chain participants in the three neighboring countries of Malawi, Mozambique and Zambia. Findings – In the cassava production zones, cassava's high productivity translates into per kilogram carbohydrate costs 60 per cent to 70 per cent of the cost of cereals such as maize and wheat, thereby opening up a range of profitable opportunities for commercialization of cassava-based foods, feeds and industrial products. Despite this potential, cassava commercialization in Southeastern Africa remains in its formative stages, with only 10 per cent to 30 per cent of production currently marketed. Unlike West Africa, where cassava commercialization has centered on marketing prepared cassava-based convenience foods, the emerging cassava markets in Southeastern Africa have centered on fresh cassava, low value-added cassava flour, and experiments in industrial processing of cassava-based starches, biofuels and feeds. Strategic investment in a set of key public goods (breeding, training in food sciences and food safety, and research on in-ground cassava storage) can help to shape this transition in ways that benefit both commercial interests and the food security of vulnerable households. Originality/value – The paper compares cassava commercialization across differing agro-climatic zones, policy environments and food staple zones.
|
|
| 7. |
- Karltun, Linley Chiwona, et al.
(author)
-
COVID-19: From health crises to food security anxiety and policy implications
- 2021
-
In: Ambio. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0044-7447 .- 1654-7209. ; 50
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Like the rest of the world, African countries are reeling from the health, economic and social effects of COVID-19. The continent's governments have responded by imposing rigorous lockdowns to limit the spread of the virus. The various lockdown measures are undermining food security, because stay at home orders have among others, threatened food production for a continent that relies heavily on agriculture as the bedrock of the economy. This article draws on quantitative data collected by the GeoPoll, and, from these data, assesses the effect of concern about the local spread and economic impact of COVID-19 on food worries. Qualitative data comprising 12 countries south of the Sahara reveal that lockdowns have created anxiety over food security as a health, economic and human rights/well-being issue. By applying a probit model, we find that concern about the local spread of COVID-19 and economic impact of the virus increases the probability of food worries. Governments have responded with various efforts to support the neediest. By evaluating the various policies rolled out we advocate for a feminist economics approach that necessitates greater use of data analytics to predict the likely impacts of intended regulatory relief responses during the recovery process and post-COVID-19.
|
|
| 8. |
- Karltun, Linley Chiwona
(author)
-
Gender and agribusiness entrepreneurship in Africa
- 2015
-
In: From principles to best practices: a "making markets matter" guide to managing african agribusinesses. - 9780692417348 ; , s. 121-134
-
Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
|
|
| 9. |
- Karltun, Linley Chiwona, et al.
(author)
-
Livelihood dependency on woodland resources in southern Zagros, Iran
- 2010
-
In: Caspian Journal of Environmental Sciences. - 1735-3033 .- 1735-3866. ; 8, s. 181-194
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This study aims to investigate the relationships between people’s livelihoods and the woodland resources of the Ganaveh watershed in southern Zagros, Iran, as a basis for suggestions of strategies for sustainable management of the woodland resources and improvement of the livelihoods of people in the community. Household data were collected through interviews with heads of households and members of the village council with a focus on uses of the woodland products. Canonical correlation analysis and pairwise correlation analysis were used to detect significant relationships between the socioeconomic variables of the households and the variables of the collected or used woodland products by the households. Results show that animal husbandry is the most important activity for providing villagers’ income. Fuel wood, seeds and ground fodder are collected woodland products in the area. Among the key socioeconomic characteristics of the households, increased educational status and cash incomes from sources other than the woodland are associated with less dependency on the woodland resources, and consumption of energy has a positive correlation with the collection of fuel wood
|
|
| 10. |
- Boonstra, Wiebren, et al.
(author)
-
Fisheries, well-being and collective action : The art of coping with complex crises
- 2009
-
In: Utsikt mot utveckling. - 1403-1264. ; 32, s. 345-354
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper is a first attempt to explore the complex inter-linkages between social, environmental, health-and-wellbeing crises in small-scale fisheries and their consequences for the sustainability of rural livelihoods. For this purpose it outlines the concept of complex crises through a description of small-scale fishing in Lake Chilwa, Malawi. The paper also discusses how complexity as concept features in ecological, social, health-and well-being studies. It will argue that existing literature across scientific disciplines fails to relate the origin, nature and effects of complex crises with the robustness and diversity of livelihood strategies of lower-level social collectivities, such as communities and households. The preliminary conclusion of this paper uses this blind spot to draft a research agenda, pushed by the question whether people are ‘coping’, ‘adapting to’ or ‘struggling’ with complex crises, and how this affects poverty alleviation and livelihood security
|
|
