| 1. |
- Bratt, Cecilia, et al.
(författare)
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Assessment of Eco-labelling Criteria Development from a Strategic Sustainability Perspective
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Cleaner Production. - : Elsevier. - 0959-6526 .- 1879-1786. ; 19:14
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To turn current patterns of consumption and production in a sustainable direction, solid and understandable market information on the socio-ecological performance of products is needed. Eco-labelling programmes have an important role in this communication. The aim of this study is to investigate what gaps there may be in the current criteria development processes in relation to a strategic sustainability perspective and develop recommendations on how such presumptive gaps could be bridged. First a previously published generic framework for strategic sustainable development is described and applied for the assessment of two eco-labelling programmes. Data for the assessment is collected from literature and in semi-structured interviews and discussions with eco-labelling experts. The assessment revealed that the programmes lack both an operational definition of sustainability, and a statement of objectives to direct and drive the criteria development processes. Consequently they also lack guidelines for how product category criteria might gradually develop in any direction. The selected criteria mainly reflect the current reality based on a selection of negative impacts in ecosystems, but how this selection, or prioritization, is made is not clearly presented. Finally, there are no guidelines to ensure that the criteria developers represent a broad enough competence to embrace all essential sustainability aspects. In conclusion the results point at deficiencies in theory, process and practice of eco-labelling, which hampers cohesiveness, transparency and comprehension. And it hampers predictability, as producers get no support in foreseeing how coming revisions of criteria will develop. This represents a lost opportunity for strategic sustainable development. It is suggested that these problems could be avoided by informing the criteria development process by a framework for strategic sustainable development, based on backcasting from basic sustainability principles.
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| 2. |
- Ny, Henrik, et al.
(författare)
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A strategic approach for sustainable product service system development
- 2013
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Ingår i: CIRP Design 2012. - London : Encyclopedia of Global Archaeology/Springer Verlag. - 9781447145066 - 9781447145073 ; , s. 427-436
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Product-Service Systems (PSS) have been justified by a desire to find sustainable solutions that go beyond contemporary approaches. The characteristics of PSS offerings are to link goods and services in development and to provide systemic performance-based solutions to the customers. This paper investigates how established strategic product development tools for socio-ecological sustainability could be adapted for PSS development. An approach is suggested for how to apply these tools in early PSS development phases.
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| 3. |
- Thompson, Anthony, et al.
(författare)
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Benefits of a Product Service System Approach for Long-life Products : The Case of Light Tubes
- 2010
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Ingår i: Industrial product-service systems (IPS²). - Linköping : Linköping University. - 9789173933810
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Products designed for long-life often have significant potential for better sustainability performance than standard products due to less material and energy usage for a given service provided, which usually also results in a lower total cost. These benefits are not always obvious or appealing to customers, who often focus on price. Long-life products are therefore at an inherent disadvantage: due to lower volume of sales that results from the products’ longer-life, the margins (price) often need to be higher. In this paper, we demonstrate that when the revenue base is shifted to be the service of light (instead of the sales of light tubes), there is an opportunity for a “win-win-win” for the light user, the long-life light provider and society. Through a product-service system approach, resulting in a well-communicated total offer, the full array of benefits becomes clearer to the customer, including that they avoid the high initial cost.
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| 4. |
- Thompson, Anthony, et al.
(författare)
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Towards Sustainability-driven Innovation through Product-Service Systems
- 2011
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Ingår i: Functional Thinking for Value Creation. - Braunschweig : Springer. - 9783642196881 - 9783642196898 ; , s. 117-122
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Many current sustainability considerations in industry constrain design space by emphasizing reduced material and energy flows across product life cycles. However, there are also opportunities for sustainability awareness to extend design space and drive innovation. Product-service systems (PSS) in particular can be a vehicle through which sustainability-driven innovation occurs. A framework for strategic sustainable development, including a backcasting approach, provides the basis for understanding sustainability in this work and provides insight into how incremental and radical approaches could be aligned within product innovation. This work explores how sustainability considerations can be better integrated into existing product innovation working environments, with an emphasis on opportunities that occur as sustainability knowledge leads to innovation through a product-service system approach. It is demonstrated and ideas are discussed around how sustainability can be used to drive innovation processes through product-service systems that companies rely upon, while also supporting global society’s movement toward sustainability.
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| 5. |
- Amann, Marie, et al.
(författare)
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Mitigating not-invented-here and not-sold-here problems: The role of corporate innovation hubs
- 2022
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Ingår i: Technovation. - : Elsevier. - 0166-4972 .- 1879-2383. ; 111
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Despite a growing number of Corporate Innovation Hubs (CIHs) in recent years, limited attention has been paid to understanding the key problems that arise among organizations collaborating through CIHs. In particular, organizations often experience Not-Invented-Here (NIH) and Not-Sold-Here (NSH) problems, i.e. negative attitudes towards absorbing external knowledge and towards sharing internal knowledge externally. Consequently, many CIHs fail to deliver and are regarded as “innovation theatres” rather than engines of renewal. By drawing upon an inductive multiple case study of five CIHs, their parent companies and associated startups, located in Silicon Valley (USA) and the Gothenburg region (Sweden), the article sheds light on how CIHs can mitigate NIH and NSH problems in knowledge transfer. Specifically, we investigate the causes, consequences and mitigating mechanisms of NIH and NSH problems among the organizations collaborating through a CIH. These findings are presented in a framework that connects causes and consequences with the corresponding mitigating mechanisms. We also present new theoretical implications for the literatures on NIH and NSH.
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| 6. |
- Bertoni, Marco, et al.
(författare)
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The Rise of Social Product Development
- 2012
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Ingår i: International Journal of Networking and Virtual Organisations. - Australia : Inderscience Publishers. - 1741-5225 .- 1470-9503. ; 11:2, s. 188-207
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the paper is to discuss the rising potential of social software to increase the knowledge management capabilities of virtual product development teams. It presents six fundamental transitions, elaborated from the empirical findings, which justify the rise of a more bottom-up, social creation and sharing of engineering knowledge in the virtual organisation. The study suggests that traditional engineering knowledge management approaches alone are not sufficient to support development activities in the virtual organisation, and that such teams display an increasing demand for social, comparatively lightweight and remixable platforms for bottom-up, social creation and sharing of knowledge.
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| 7. |
- Chirumalla, Koteshwar, et al.
(författare)
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Performance Measurement Framework for Product–Service Systems Development : A Balanced Scorecard Approach
- 2013
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Ingår i: International Journal of Technology Intelligence and Planning (IJTIP). - Switzerland : Inderscience Publishers. - 1740-2832 .- 1740-2840. ; 9:2, s. 146-164
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The paper proposes a framework for analysing the performances of product-service systems (PSSs) development processes using a balanced scorecard (BSC) as an instrument to guide the implementation and the evaluation of new methods and tools. Emerging from a case study in the aerospace industry, the paper discusses the main challenges in PSS development and proposes a performance measurement framework for PSS development based on multi-criteria indicators. Finally, the benefits of a framework for PSS development performance measurement are discussed.
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| 8. |
- Ericson, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
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Manufacturing knowledge : Going from production of things to designing value in use
- 2015
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Ingår i: International Journal of Intelligent Decision Technologies. - : IOS Press. - 1872-4981 .- 1875-8843. ; 9:1, s. 79-89
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A new vision in manufacturing is to develop product-service integrated value solutions. Today, few firms have fully realized this vision because they are not able to support the reasoning in the early stages of design. The purpose of this paper is to discuss engineers' cognitive challenge when replacing the core product rationale with value logic. The paper problematizes engineering design by dividing knowledge into the categories technically constructed (explicit) and socially constructed (tacit). In doing so, this study contributes the assumed effects of a perspective shift that could guide the development of computational tools.
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| 9. |
- Eriksson, Per-Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Buyer-supplier integration in project-based industries
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of business & industrial marketing. - : Emerald. - 0885-8624 .- 2052-1189. ; 28:1, s. 29-40
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose - The purpose of the study is to propose and test a buyer-supplier integration model, based on clients’ collaborative purchasing practices, in a project-based industry.Design/methodology/approach - A two-stage survey study of client-contractor relationships in the Swedish construction industry was conducted. The survey rounds in 2006 and 2009 obtained 87 and 106 responses respectively. The proposed model was empirically tested using structural equation modeling techniques. Findings - The empirical results support our proposed model: incentive-based payment and partner selection based on multiple criteria enhance buyer-supplier integration, in terms of joint action. Furthermore, incentive-based payment increases the use of partner selection based on multiple criteria.Research limitations/implications - A useful theoretical contribution is that incentive-based payment is an important type of incentive structure that enhances buyer-supplier integration in project contexts.Practical implications - We also found that the occurrence of joint action has been increasing from 2006 to 2009. Especially, incentive-based payment plays a more important role for establishing joint action in 2009 than in 2006. The recent economic downturn and a recently completed training program targeting the survey population may explain some of the unexpected findings.Originality/value - The paper addresses an identified gap in the relationship marketing literature, that is, the lack of quantitative studies of relationship marketing aspects in project-based industries.
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| 10. |
- Hellmer, Stefan, et al.
(författare)
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On the evaluation of market power and market dominance—The Nordic electricity market
- 2009
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Ingår i: Energy Policy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0301-4215 .- 1873-6777. ; 37:8, s. 3235-3241
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper studies different concentration and dominance measures using structural indexes used to initially screen the competitive situation in a market. The Nordic and Swedish electricity markets are used as the empirical cases. Market concentration issues in the Nordic electricity market in general and in Sweden in particular have been, at least in initial screenings, approached by the Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHI). This article uses an alternative measure to HHI, which is based on market shares of the two largest firms in the market. The results shows that only the Swedish wholesale market has a firm that can be regarded as dominant, but only during very short periods. The results from a hypothetical merger between the second and third largest company in the Swedish wholesale market shows that when the dominant position of the largest firm is reduced, by increasing the size of the second largest firm, the threshold value indicates that competition actually will increase (contradicting to the HHI).
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