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| 2. |
- Ahlborg, Helene, 1980, et al.
(författare)
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Ecology and sociotechnical systems research – motivations for theoretical and methodological integration across fields
- 2017
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Ingår i: International Sustainability Transitions conference 2017.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Currently, we are witnessing a number of global trends that do not promise well for the future. Accelerating climate change, loss of biodiversity, chemical pollution, disappearance of natural forest and degradation of fishing grounds and agricultural lands are just a few of the serious environmental problems that threaten the functional and structural integrity of ecosystems, to an extent that also human societies risk collapse. The scale of human impact is now such that scholars suggest that we live in the Anthropocene. The trends are driven by several linked factors, which are not easily disentangled into manageable specific problems to be solved by specific policies. More than ever, interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary collaborations are needed in order to address these urgent challenges. The objective of this paper is to argue for the importance of research on socio-technical-ecological systems (STES) rather than social-ecological (SES) and sociotechnical systems (STS) separately. Hence, we address researchers in both the social-ecological and sociotechnical fields. We organize the argument around six reasons why “technology” should be integrated into SES studies. We call these reasons: (1) the interface and mediation aspect, (2) ambivalence, (3) the agency aspect, (4) the question of scale, (5) the question of governance and politics, and (6) the question of epistemology and framing. We also highlight potential conceptual conflicts and mistranslations. Our discussion is primarily a theoretical argument, exemplified with empirical examples.Among the conceptual challenges, we note that SES scholars, if they consider technology in their analyses, generally treat it as an exogenous factor or as a passive background element. Similarly, STS scholars tend to neglect ecological dynamics and refer to the ecological domain mainly in terms of inputs and outputs, e.g. natural resources, environmental and health problems caused by human activities. In light of the discussion, we conclude that the importance of collaborating across the two fields goes beyond each field adding pieces together. We argue that integration and translation across these domains will lead to qualitative change in the theoretical and methodological approaches of both fields; and that technology, society and ecology should be given symmetric analytical attention.
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- Kamerlin, Shina Caroline Lynn, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
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Female Faculty: Why So Few and Why Care?
- 2020
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Ingår i: Chemistry - A European Journal. - : Wiley. - 1521-3765 .- 0947-6539. ; 26:38, s. 8319-8323
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Despite slow ongoing progress in increasing the representation of women in academia, women remain significantly under-represented at senior levels, in particular in the natural sciences and engineering. Not infrequently, this is downplayed by bringing forth arguments such as inherent biological differences between genders, that current policies are adequate to address the issue, or by deflecting this as being “not my problem” among other examples. In this piece we present scientific evidence that counters these claims, as well as a best-practice example, Genie, from Chalmers University of Technology, where one of the authors is currently employed. We also highlight particular challenges caused by the current COVID-19 pandemic. Finally, we conclude by proposing some possible solutions to the situation and emphasize that we need to all do our part, to ensure that the next generation of academics experience a more diverse, inclusive, and equitable working environment.
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| 4. |
- Baumann, Henrikke, 1964, et al.
(författare)
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Beyond a Corporate Social Responsibility Context Towards Methodological Pluralism in Social Life Cycle Assessment: Exploring Alternative Social Theoretical Perspectives
- 2020
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Ingår i: Perspectives on Social LCA : Contributions from the 6th International Conference. - 9783030065645 ; , s. 53-64
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The UNEP/SETAC guidelines have Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) as the underpinning theoretical perspective. However, studies on CSR suggest that the companies have benefitted more than society. We explore two alternative theoretical perspectives: the theory of ecologically unequal exchange (TEUE) and the actor-network-theory (ANT). By analysing case studies informed by TEUE and ANT, we identify their contribution to social life cycle assessment. The analysis shows that the perspectives enable description and identification of issues otherwise uncovered by the UNEP/SETAC approach: the unequal balance of health effects over a production and a consumption system and the presence of multiple and sometimes conflicting interests across actors in a production and consumption system, respectively. We point out characteristic methodological differences and conclude that S-LCA would benefit from greater pluralism.
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| 5. |
- Brembeck, Helene, 1952, et al.
(författare)
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Ju mer vi är tillsammans - fyrtiotalisterna och maten
- 2010
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Mappies, Silvverrävar, det grå guldet, jätteproppen Orvar... Det här är en bok om den stora generationsgruppen fyrtiotalisterna och deras matvanor. Mat betyder alltmer när vi blir äldre, matlagning och måltider är dagens fasta hållpunkter och upptar mer tid av vår vardag än då vi arbetar. Mat är också den del av det svenska hushållets konsumtion som kräver mest energi och belastar miljön mest. Även äldre måste därför äta mer resurssnålt och miljövänligt. God mat och god service, hälsa kvalitet, fritt val, vänner, hållbarhet. En ekvation som inte alltid går ihop. Hur vill generationen egentligen ha det med maten och livet i framtiden? Boken bygger på material som insamlats i samband med projektet ”Den mångdimensionella matkonsumenten” , vid Centrum för komsumtionsvetenskap i Göteborg. Här ges en mer fördjupad och helhetlig bild av några grupper 40-talister och om maten i deras liv. Här överbyggs avståndet mellan mediernas oövervinnerliga äventyrare och vård- och omsorgsforskningen bräckliga, sjuka, utsatta människor i behov av vård, omsorg och beskydd. Boken tar oss med på en matresa från 50-talets Sverige fram till idag. Här växer en bild av generationens matminnen, matens sociala betydelse, hälsa och miljötänkande fram. Berättelserna varvas med tidstypiska recept.
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| 6. |
- Ekman, Karin, 1971, et al.
(författare)
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Enabling interaction and engagement to pursue behaviour change in Citizen Science initiatives
- 2019
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Ingår i: CitSci2019.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Some Citizen Science (CS) initiatives wish to contribute to behavioural change, e.g. transformative lifestyle changes and community or civic action (Shirk et al., 2012; Phillips et al., 2018). At the same time, social media give individuals the opportunity to find others seeking the same common goals and to mobilize support or movement against injustices or for policy change as collective action. The collective action space model (Flannigan et al, 2006) focus on modes of interaction and engagement when describing how collective action is emerging and how it varies with new possibilities of engagement. Using personal interaction and entrepreneurial engagement to promote action, in this case as behavioural change, is well in line with the findings by e.g. Jordan et al. (2011) and Ballard and Belsky (2010). By applying contemporary CS frameworks on participation and outcomes combined with research on collective action, we examine how an environmental monitoring and internet-of-things project with public and private partners is reasoning about activities and potential behavioural outcomes. We used qualitative methods to study the planning of passive environmental sensing of particulate matter through citizen science practices. Data was collected through participant observation and transcripts of recorded meetings were analyzed using thematic analysis. Preliminary findings on participant activity in the associated social media community were also used. In this study, we demonstrate how project members reason about interactions, engagement and behavioural outcomes (as defined by Phillips et al., 2018)in the planning process. The project goals are to be a testbed for sensors and to contribute to better public health through informed decisions and changing everyday travel behaviours. We describe how the project is organizing for having a relationship with the participants through a written agreement to achieve desired outcomes and impacts. They talk about e.g. data quality, protocols and are also preparing for participants acting in their community on elevated levels of particulate matter. The activities and outputs of the project are strictly technical and do not promote behavioural change. Still, the use of a social media community could open up for participants to interact and engage further, but we found that the participants only engaged in line with the activities promoted by the project (e.g organizing own workshops to build more sensors and engaging in peer support). Little to no evidence of transformative lifestyle changes or community or civic action was found. We discuss these findings in relation to contemporary frameworks by examining how the expected participant interactions and engagement align with the behavioural outcomes discussed when planning the project. Since participants do not seem to act outside of what is afforded them by the project, we argue that the activities designed by projects need to promote behavioural change in order for the participants to take positive action accordingly (other than protocol activities or the like). We suggest that there is a need to define and elaborate on expected participant interactions and engagement in the careful planning and monitoring of behavioural outcomes in order to enhance the possibilities to reach them.
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| 7. |
- Finnveden, Göran, et al.
(författare)
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Policy Instruments towards a sustainable waste management
- 2016
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Ingår i: Solid waste management: Policy and planning for a sustainable society. - : Apple Academic Press. - 9781771883740 - 9780429091650 ; , s. 185-246, s. 185-246
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 8. |
- Gifford, Ethan, et al.
(författare)
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Tapping into western technologies by Chinese multinationals: Geely's purchase of Volvo Cars and Huawei hiring of Ericsson employees in Sweden
- 2015
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Ingår i: Innovation spaces in Asia entrepreneurs, multinational enterprises and policy edited by Maureen McKelvey, Sharmistha Bagchi-Sen. - : Edward Elgar Publishing. ; , s. 231-255
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This chapter focuses on how firms from emerging markets can access, and tap into, relevant external knowledge for innovation in Western countries, and thereby stimulate flows within new innovation spaces across countries.. This chapter focuses on China and Sweden, and more specifically on companies in the automobile and telecommunication industries. Chinese companies are increasingly moving abroad to access both advanced technologies and new markets. The chapter presents two case studies of Chinese firms moving into Sweden, including Geely’s purchase of Volvo Car Corporation in the automotive industry and Huawei’s hiring of Ericsson’s previous employees in the telecommunication industry. The cases represent two mechanisms for accessing scientific and technological resource, namely foreign acquisition and employment of key individuals from competitors through the establishment of R&D labs.
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| 9. |
- Hedegård, Joakim, et al.
(författare)
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LifeExt -Prolonged life for existing steel bridges -Livslängdsförlängning av befintliga stålbroar Open report / Publik rapport
- 2020
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Many bridges in the world have reached, or exceeded, their design fatigue life. It is a challenge for society to wisely manage this huge asset of old bridges. Replacing bridges because their theoretical life span is reached is not a sustainable solution, neither from societal nor economical point of view. Therefore, methods for accurate assessment and techniques for extending the service life of existing infrastructures are on top of priorities of all industrial countries. The LifeExt project reported here was created to address these issues, to enable substantial life extension for existing bridges by applying weld improvement techniques locally on selected (most critical) positions on a bridge. These areas receive faster damage accumulation and by improving these areas, the whole bridge life can be prolonged.
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| 10. |
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Innovation Spaces in Asia: Entrepreneurs, Multinational Enterprises and Policy
- 2015
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The chapters provide rich empirical illustrations about on-going processes of innovation, where the Asian context can be seen in the specific cases as having an impact upon firms and sectors with implications for economic change and socio-political transformation. This book is about Asia as the site of business, where customers, institutions, and firms, both domestic and foreign, are interacting to affect global processes of innovation and production. This book aims to provide an empirical understanding and initial conceptualization of innovation spaces in Asia, including the role of multinational enterprises, entrepreneurship and public policy
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