| 1. |
- Henricson, Kristina, 1981, et al.
(författare)
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The University as a Social Entrepreneur
- 2009
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Ingår i: Annual Satter Conference on Social Entrepreneurship - NYU Stern.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Accepting that the university has taken on an entrepreneurial role in society, this paper intends to explore how the university can adopt the role of a social entrepreneur by presenting an example of a school project within Chalmers University of Technology. The overall aim of the school project is to stimulate creativity, project management and entrepreneurial thinking and has over the years developed into a social entrepreneurship activity. The main conclusion of the paper is that the university can adopt the role of a social entrepreneur in alignment with the university’s missions of delivering education, research, and societal utility. The paper provides one example of how the involvement of the university in social entrepreneurship creates multiple societal benefits. This example can lead to further comparison, analysis and research concerning the entrepreneurial roles undertaken by the university.
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| 2. |
- Lundqvist, Mats, 1965, et al.
(författare)
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Interregional university-linked innovation - the potentials for Europe
- 2008
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Ingår i: Innovation Pathways and Knowledge Economy. ; , s. 24-33
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This paper explores the challenges and opportunities in 1) collaboratively coordinating innovation development, in order to, 2) be able to build interregional innovation - so much sought after but as yet to be demonstrated on more than a case-by-case basis. The hopes for European competitiveness through innovation emphasize entrepreneurship, knowledge transfer and commercialization at universities and their associated innovation systems. However, compared to the U.S., European operative practice is often limited to our regional and national backyards, not realizing the potentials of reaching beyond national markets until after many years of so-called incubation. Nevertheless, the innovation creation and development from research, often stemming from the university and facilitated through innovation systems, is commonly recognized as a critical contribution to economic development, not only through the stimulation of wealth creation and employment opportunities, but through the potential development of new markets and industries. With such substantial benefits theoretically available, systems to facilitate innovation development are highly desireable and encouraged. However, the process of implementing and orchestrating such systems in reality is often much more complex than imagined when designed. The innovation systems existing in Gothenburg have received considerable recognition in regards to new venture development and triple helix type of collaborations. In the EU Interreg IIIC DISTRICT project SEARCH - Scanning and Evaluating Activities for Research Commercialization Handovers - new principles and practices were explored within the Gothenburg innovation systems, and then compared with other regions. Building from the initial findings of project SEARCH, and then proceeding in parallel, VINNOVA Key Actor Program Project GOINN presents an initiative to coordinate the innovation systems of Gothenburg. The foundation provided through the activities of the projects gives the potential to bring European regions together thus eventually generating higher growth and sustainable innovation beyond the borders of the individual EU member state. The paper investigates experiences from project SEARCH and how the project, together with other parallel processes, can provide promising opportunities for a European model of interregional innovation, not only potentially matching the ability for value creation and growth found in the U.S., but eventually creating a greater capacity for European actors to readily access global markets for new innovations.
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| 3. |
- Lundqvist, Mats, 1965, et al.
(författare)
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Path dependent path breaking: tracing innovative entrepreneurial behavior through C-K method
- 2012
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Ingår i: European Academy of Management (EURAM) Conference, Rotterdam.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Breaking with the path-dependency associated with innovations and innovating firms is normally seen as something challenging but also giving rise to entrepreneurial opportunities. However, we have little understanding of how entrepreneurial behavior breaks new innovative paths. This paper explores path-dependencies and path breaking in technology ventures by their entrepreneurs, using a methodology for innovative design – the C-K method. The method among other things adds to our understanding of how a changed direction of a venture is based on deliberate and designed actions. Many of the studied ventures were found to change directions in unforeseen ways. Yet, when doing so, this path breaking was based upon generated knowledge rather than on “new discoveries”. These observations increase our understanding of how predictive and effectual entrepreneurial logics can be combined. The findings also indicate that technology entrepreneurs especially in early stages might be well suited to mindfully deviate from established paths.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Lundqvist, Mats, 1965, et al.
(författare)
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Promises of societal entrepreneurship: Sweden and beyond
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Enterprising Communities. - 1750-6204. ; 4:1, s. 24-36
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose – Several types of entrepreneurship with a societal purpose coincide in Sweden today, somestemming from older domestic traditions, others being more recent foreign influences. This paper aimsto interrelate social, civic, community, and other entrepreneurships in search of a more unifyingconcept of societal entrepreneurship for Sweden and beyond.Design/methodology/approach – As part of a larger study, Swedish researchers and practitionerspromoting some kind of entrepreneurship with societal purpose, are interviewed and asked forexamples and literature references. Altogether 176 actors are identified and 59 are interviewed.The main distinguishing factors between different discourses of entrepreneurship are accounted for aswell as results from workshops where actors representing different discourses partook.Findings – Seven societally oriented entrepreneurship discourses are distinguished, with differentforeign or domestic origins. Key characteristics for interrelating different discourses are the type ofactor (individual and/or collective) and purpose (social/ecological and/or economic) emphasized ina discourse. Interactions documented from workshops indicate a potential in unifying differententrepreneurships within a widened understanding of societal entrepreneurship.Research limitations/implications – The field of entrepreneurship emphasizing societal utility isfragmented with many parallel discourses. The conceptual analysis and empirical findings imply thatthere is potential in a more unifying concept. Furthermore, in the limited Swedish setting, collectivedimensions of entrepreneurship stand out. This nevertheless implies that collective engagements intoentrepreneurship of any kind are worthy of more research and recognition.Practical implications – Implications are primarily limited to societal entrepreneurship withinuncontested welfare states, such as Sweden, where most established societal needs are taken careof through taxes utilized by a public sector. Societal entrepreneurship in such a setting becomesa mechanism for renewal and experimentation.Originality/value – The paper is original in its approach to identifying and interrelating currentdiscourses in Sweden.
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| 6. |
- Williams Middleton, Karen, 1975, et al.
(författare)
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Developing identity: start-ups and aspirant entrepreneurs gaining authority
- 2007
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Ingår i: Institute for Small Business & Entrepreneurship conference, 7-9 of November, Glasgow, proceedings. ; , s. 14-
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Entrepreneurs and the start-ups they build are recognized as important contributors to economic development. However, current policies in many nations point at a lack of entrepreneurs and, in particular, entrepreneurs bridging a perceived gap between research and business. A critical question not well understood is how individuals interested in entrepreneurship develop an entrepreneurial identity. The aim of the study is to explore how aspirant entrepreneurs develop entrepreneurial identity within the interaction with stakeholders in a combined education and supportive incubator environment. Results from this process are start-ups and entrepreneurs with authority.The paper builds from experience and successful formation of more than 25 technology-based start-up companies (valuation 56M€) during ten years in a unique environment, combining entrepreneurship programs with an incubator and support network. This environment offers a unique opportunity to study how specially selected master-students – ‘aspirant entrepreneurs’ - in interaction with different actors - ‘stakeholders’ – gain entrepreneurial authority to run a high-tech startup. The start-up projects originate mainly from university research. Thus, the aspirant entrepreneurs, having no history with the initial invention, must gain confidence and authority around the project during an intense education and incubation year. The ethnographic study focuses on teams of aspirant entrepreneurs, and the stakeholders with whom they engage. The interim results reported in this paper illustrate how the building of entrepreneurial identity is closely associated with the formation of the start-up and how the aspirant entrepreneurs make the project their own, while learning from and involving stakeholders. The key interim conclusion is that aspirant entrepreneurs when positioning themselves as the key drivers of a project – in relation to the stakeholders – both gain authority while also developing their entrepreneurial identities. Implications for educators, incubators and policy makers are that developing entrepreneurs and new companies in combination is a highly beneficial approach. The key contribution of the paper is to illustrate the way in which identity development of aspirant entrepreneurs over time helps to enable start-up formation together with the gaining of ”professional” entrepreneurial authority. The paper is intended to have implications for select audiences. For educators, it is to help understand effective education/training for aspirant entrepreneurs. Incubators and policy-makers can appreciate the importance of supporting entrepreneurial education and linking it to incubation processes. The study explores new ground in its combined interest in understanding how to develop both the human and business side of start-ups.
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| 7. |
- Fernqvist, Niklas, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Entrepreneurial Sustainability Engagement of Insiders Initiating Energy System Transition
- 2021
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Ingår i: Sustainability. - : MDPI AG. - 2071-1050 .- 1548-7733. ; 13:2, s. 1-16
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The central point in this article is that energy system transition can be initiated by a team of individuals interacting entrepreneurially beyond their different home-grounds in business, research, or regional development. Such entrepreneurial engagement of insiders with belongings to an established socio-technical system has not been captured in prevalent sustainability transitions or entrepreneurship perspectives. Insiders have mostly been expected to act within (and not outside)of their role expectations. This study investigates who individuals initiating energy transition are, what motives they have, and how they accomplish institutional change. The purpose is to qualify a perspective that can help us better appreciate how transitions, such as in energy systems, can be initiated. The new perspective recognizes the importance of insiders, their personal sustainability beliefs, their choice to teamwork entrepreneurially, and their narratives about the initiative affecting institutional change. It explains how transition in a heavily regulated Swedish energy system can occur. Implications are drawn for research, policy and entrepreneurial teamwork.
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| 8. |
- Hagvall Svensson, Oskar, 1990, et al.
(författare)
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Transformative, Transactional and Transmissive Modes of Teaching in Action-based Entrepreneurial Education
- 2017
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Ingår i: ECSB Entrepreneurship Education (3E) Conference, May 10-12 Cork Ireland. ; , s. 1-15
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper introduces the notion of holistic education into the context of action-based entrepreneurial education, in order to develop a framework for achieving and understanding whole person development. The aim of the framework is to connect with a wider set of teaching and learning paradigms as a basis for instructional design and assessment, to bridge some of the fragmentation apparent in conceptual frameworks for entrepreneurial education.To facilitate this multi-facetted view on teaching and learning, we introduce a framework of transmissive, transactional and transformative teaching modes. In this framework, the transmissive mode relies upon traditional teaching methods; the transactional mode relies upon on self-directed problem-solving, collaboration and engagement in authentic learning environments; and, the transformative mode appreciates the whole learning person, how she connects with herself, others and the world. We argue that all modes are needed in order to achieve and understand whole person development, and that entrepreneurship teaching should be designed so that it offers a reservoir of rich and diverse experiences in an authentic learning environment.The three teaching modes are analyzed and discussed in relation to a leadership course assignment and eight selected citations from student deliverables in 2007. The citations represent an extreme sampling as the students had been running a tech venture during almost a year as the major vehicle of learning in their program, they had no prior entrepreneurship experience, and all of the selected students became and have remained start-up entrepreneurs since their graduation. The selected citations illustrate how transmissive, transactional and transformative teaching modes can be contextualized in action-based entrepreneurial education, and point towards that significant learning has emerged through the integration of different teaching modes. The richness of the citations indicate that action-based entrepreneurial education is a vehicle for a wide variety of learning outcomes. Accordingly, the introduced framework seems to hold promise as a basis for achieving and understanding whole person learning in this context. Practical teaching aspects are addressed, both around designing authentic learning environments as well as around designing and examining more tangible deliverables from students in such environments.
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| 9. |
- Lundqvist, Mats, 1965, et al.
(författare)
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Academic entrepreneurship revisited: university scientists and venture creation
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Small Business and Enterprise Development. - 1462-6004. ; 20:3, s. 603-617
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: Venture creation is often seen as the form of academic entrepreneurship least compatible with the role of university scientists. The purpose of the article is to explore the changing role of university scientists towards venture creation, and understand the influence of university-driven initiatives for venture creation. Design/methodology approach: The article is based on a qualitative study of two venture creation cases: one from a US university, and one building from two universities in Sweden. The cases and associated university environments were selected due to their venture creation activity. University venture creation data of the three universities complements the cases.Findings: Venture creation at universities can be more compatible with the traditional role of the university scientist. Centers and laboratories concerned with entrepreneurship and action-based education are identified as key university resources allowing university scientists to engage in venture creation in more compatible ways; not having to become the lead venture creator.Research limitations/implications: The study underlying the article is limited to three university environments (in two countries) where venture creation activity is relatively frequent. Originality/value: The article shows that venture creation can be more compatible the role of the university scientist due to more collective entrepreneurial activity at universities. Furthermore, university scientists, in synergizing between different entrepreneurial roles, are important for venture creation without taking the lead venture entrepreneur role. Involving students into venture creation together with scientists is proposed as one such important entrepreneurial role not previously recognized.
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| 10. |
- Lundqvist, Mats, 1965, et al.
(författare)
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Emancipating the 'Who am I?' Question in Entrepreneurship
- 2019
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Ingår i: 3E CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS. - 2411-3298. ; 2019, s. 1-23
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Questions we care about Entrepreneurship and thus entrepreneurship education need some fixing. In a time when entrepreneurship is infiltrating everyone and everywhere, we need to ask how this is done for better and not for worse. Many people in society do not find the stereotypic image of an entrepreneur fitting for them. How do we avoid them being alienated by a narrow version of entrepreneurship that simply is not for them? Could we offer tools and terminologies that can answer the question “Who am I?” in relation to entrepreneurship? This paper takes the stance that the stereotyped concepts of “entrepreneurship” and “entrepreneur” will not do the job. Therefore, faith is put into deepening our understanding of “being and becoming entrepreneurial”. Top-cited research using the term“entrepreneurial” is reviewed. An interpretivist “from within” perspective is applied when answering the main question: How can the term “entrepreneurial” help in breaking away from narrow and stereotyped conceptions of entrepreneurship, without diluting an entrepreneurial identity into being almost anything for anyone? Approach Literature on stereotypes in entrepreneurship and on previous attempts to broaden entrepreneurship are reviewed, such as the concept “enterprise education” and a framework for entrepreneurial competencies. A systematic literature review on the use of the term “entrepreneurial” is conducted, reviewing 250 articles that use the term “entrepreneurial” in their title. The nine most common uses are reviewed more in-depth. 45 articles are reviewed in relation to what the authors mean when they use the term “entrepreneurial”. In the analysis, an interpretivist perspective is applied to the identified meanings of “entrepreneurial”, aiming to develop new answers to the question “Who am I?” in relation to entrepreneurship. Results 250 publications that have the word “entrepreneurial” in their title link the adjective to 99 nouns. Focus is simultaneously on many different aspects of being entrepreneurial. Unit of analysis varies considerably; individuals, teams, organizations, regions and nations. Also, most of the publications explore “entrepreneurial” phenomena as something happening to people or firms “out there” rather than as a more personalized entrepreneurial identity. The term “entrepreneurial” is found to be weakly claimed, making it more open for new understandings than “entrepreneur” or “entrepreneurship”. Analysis of findings leads the authors to propose four cornerstones for a more emancipatory understanding of being entrepreneurial, presented as a framework of value-for-others, agency, novelty and learning to guide entrepreneurial people. Implications There is a strong potential in offering understandings and tools for being and becoming entrepreneurial that emancipates beyond a narrow view of entrepreneurship as economic value appropriation though new ventures. The proposed framework focuses on value creation and is societal (social, ecological and economic value creation in all kind of contexts). Value/Originality This paper, to our knowledge, offers a first systematic review of literature focusing on “entrepreneurial”. It also presents a novel, easy to understand and useful framework for what it means to be “entrepreneurial”.
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