| 1. |
- de Bernardi, Cecilia, 1986-
(författare)
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Reflections on the hegemonic exclusion of critical realism from academic settings : alone in a room full of people
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Critical Realism. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1476-7430 .- 1572-5138. ; 17:4, s. 374-389
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, I discuss my personal experience of the issues that can arise when adopting critical realism in academic contexts dominated by irrealist (positivist, phenomenological and post-structuralist) methodological approaches. I draw inspiration for my analysis from the concept of Gramscian hegemony and the concept of ‘authenticity’. These concepts are related because hegemonic processes prevent individuals from freely expressing themselves. In my case, academic hegemony has resulted in social pressure to sacrifice my authentic critical realist self in order to achieve academic success. I also discuss groupthink dynamics, suggesting that they are a mechanism by which hegemony–and denial of individual authenticity–can be achieved. This paper is meant to be a theoretical and reflexive discussion, which could be the starting point for empirical studies investigating the situation of a critical realist in a hegemonic academic context.
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| 2. |
- de Bernardi, Cecilia, 1986-
(författare)
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Sami tourism in marketing material : a multimodal discourse analysis
- 2022
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Ingår i: Acta Borealia. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0800-3831 .- 1503-111X. ; 39:2, s. 115-137
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The study of tourism marketing communication is an important aspect that contributes to the understanding of how destinations and locals are portrayed. Through the so-called circle of representation, images can spread from tourism marketing to other media, such as tourism photography. Marketing material in the form of 118 brochures, 3000 Instagram posts and a guidebook portraying the Sami population mostly in Swedish Lapland, but also in Finnish Lapland as well as Finnmark, Norway, have been collected and analyzed. The focus is on pictorial and textual elements and eight previously conceptualized themes have been used to guide the analysis. The focus was on the portrayal of the Sami Indigenous population. The materials were collected through a direct qualitative content analysis and analyzed through a multimodal discourse analysis. The results show that there is still a tendency to portray the Sami based on exoticism. This can spread to different media channels, but there are also discrepancies that hint at a gradual change in how Indigenous populations such as the Sami are presented. The results of this study show the potential for the use of social media channels such as Instagram for Indigenous entrepreneurs and destination management organizations to educate, attract and entice potential visitors.
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| 3. |
- Adie, Bailey Ashton, et al.
(författare)
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‘Oh my god what is happening?’ : historic second home communities and post-disaster nostalgia
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Heritage Tourism. - 1743-873X .- 1747-6631. ; 18:3, s. 337-348
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nostalgia is an important concept in the study of heritage tourism, especially as a push factor, but less attention is devoted to how nostalgia influences place attachment and vice versa, especially in relation to both individual and collective community experiences. While place attachment has been discussed in the context of second homes, nostalgia has received little attention, with none directed specifically at historic second home communities or those which had recently experienced a disaster. Therefore, this paper presents an analysis of semi-structured interviews conducted among second homeowners in Ocean Beach, New York, which is a century-old second home community with a rich local heritage that was hit by Hurricane Sandy in 2012. The findings show that the respondents display different aspects of nostalgia, in particular endo- and meso- nostalgia. This work conceptualizes meso-nostalgia as an umbrella term for the previously discussed nostalgias which focus on the gray area between personal and collective memories. The findings also show the respondents’ deep connection to the second home landscape, but there was a marked difference between respondents with inherited second homes and those who had purchased them wherein inherited homeowners’ nostalgia was closer to those of permanent residents in previous studies.
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| 4. |
- Amore, Alberto, et al.
(författare)
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The impacts of Airbnb in Athens, Lisbon and Milan: a rent gap theory perspective
- 2022
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Ingår i: Current Issues in Tourism. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1368-3500 .- 1747-7603. ; 25:20, s. 3329-3342
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The 2007–2008 Global Financial Crisis profoundly impacted the housing markets, particularly of the so-called PIGS countries. Main cities in Portugal, Italy and Greece have seen a sharp decrease in house prices and rent value since 2010. At the same time, the rise of Airbnb has contributed to the reframing of housing market demand in cities, with an increase of temporary lettings in prime urban tourist areas. Understandably, this has direct implications for local residents, with renters’ displacement, tourism gentrification and raising cases of tourismphobia. This article provides insights from three cities – Athens, Lisbon and Milan – to show how the dynamics in the housing market and the boost of Airbnb over the last decade are steadily changing the urban populations of the aforementioned cities. This research builds upon the rent gap theory and the Luke’s’ Power Theory to illustrate how Airbnb is fostering a new form of urban displacement at a faster rate than traditional housing gentrification, with the renting of prime residential areas to tourists.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Bohn, Dorothee, et al.
(författare)
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A labour regime perspective on workforce formation in Nordic tourism : exploring national tourism policy and strategy documents
- 2020. - 1
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Ingår i: Tourism employment in Nordic countries. - Cham : Palgrave Macmillan. - 9783030478131 - 9783030478124 ; , s. 349-373
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This chapter adopts a public policy perspective to tourism workforce formation in Finland, Norway and Sweden. The qualitative content analysis of national tourism strategy, planning and policy documents reveals that aspired labour regimes are predominantly characterised by mobility, flexibility and segmentation. While these practices ensure a competitive operational environment, satisfy seasonal employee demand and provide means for states to integrate immigrants into the labour market, negative societal consequences including precariousness, low-quality employment and inequality arise as well. Although all examined documents advocate sustainable production and consumption for Nordic tourism, workforce is essentially not included in sustainability discourses and initiatives.
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| 7. |
- Bohn, Dorothee, et al.
(författare)
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Celebrating 30 years louder than hell : exploring commercial and social 'Host Event Zone' developments of the heavy metal festival Wacken Open Air
- 2022
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Ingår i: Annals of Leisure Research. - : Routledge. - 1174-5398 .- 2159-6816. ; 25:1, s. 116-137
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although respective research has proliferated, little attention has been given to the processual nature of festivals. By drawing upon the concept of host event zones, we examine how different spectators perceive the development of the heavy metal festival Wacken Open Air (WOA) with respect to the dynamics between the festival as a temporary place in which visitors enjoy spectacle and ritual, a commercial site and the everyday living space of local inhabitants. WOA has grown in 30 years from an initiative by a few friends for devoted metal fans into an internationally renowned music mega-event. WOA represents a consumption mediated 'peaceful utopia' where festivalgoers find social meaningfulness in neo-tribes. However, the accelerating mainstream appeal of Wacken Open Air for a non-metal fan audience, which significantly spurt by the media, challenges both regular attendees' experience of this idealized space and the relationship between the host community and the festival.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- de Bernardi, Cecilia, 1986-
(författare)
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Authenticity as a compromise : a critical discourse analysis of Sámi tourism websites
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Heritage Tourism. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1743-873X .- 1747-6631. ; 14:3, s. 249-262
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Authenticity is considered a very important means to attract tourists. Different enterprises and destinations compete for visitors and authenticity is an important factor for visitors’ travel decisions. Within the context of indigenous and cultural tourism, several studies have criticized the way in which indigenous and local populations are portrayed in order to attract tourists, since they often involve colonial images and descriptions that are no longer corresponding to the contemporary situation. This study presents an alternative perspective on the discussion on tourism marketing in relation to authenticity. Through critical discourse analysis and retroduction, this study has analysed the websites of Sámi tourism companies from Sweden. The discussion put forward in this study is not a generalizing picture of how the Sámi peoples choose to market themselves, but it problematizes how these particular enterprises relate to issues of authenticity in the representation of cultural heritage. This paper also presents a new approach to authenticity seen as a compromise. The results of this study present one side of a multifaceted discussion on the struggle between different discourses on representations and authenticity that are often the main channel to reach and attract potential visitors.
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