| 1. |
- Ekwall, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
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Cargo theft at non-secure parking locations
- 2013
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose of this paper This paper describes the patterns of and trends in reported cargo thefts at non-secure parking facilities in Europe, Middle East, and Africa (EMEA) with respect to stolen value, frequency, incident category, and modi operandi. Design/methodology/approach This study is based on a system-theoretical approach, which emphasizes a holistic rather than an atomistic view. The research method used in this paper is deductive; the analysis is based on the data obtained from the Incident Information Service (IIS), a transport-related crime database of the Transported Asset Protection Association (TAPA) in the EMEA. The results are analyzed and discussed within a frame of reference based on supply chain risk management and criminology theories. Findings We found that 97 percent of all attacks during a stop occur at non-secure parking locations. Cargo theft at non-secure parking locations is more of a volume crime rather than a high-impact cargo theft. Seasonal variations were found in cargo thefts at non-secure parking locations. The most common type of cargo theft at non-secure parking areas is intrusion theft occurring on weekdays during the winter. Research limitations/implications (if applicable) This study performs a theoretical deduction using official statistics on antagonistic threats. Its geographical limitation to the EMEA is owing to the limitations of the database used, although its frame of reference can be employed to analyze antagonistic threats against transport chains globally. This study is limited by the content of and classifications within the TAPA EMEA IIS database; nevertheless, this database is the best, with most reports originating from the industry (TAPA members anonymously report their losses). Practical implications (if applicable) The research presented in this paper is directly relevant to the current discussion in the EU regarding the creation of a large number of secure parking facilities in the region. This paper’s findings will describe the current cargo theft threats at non-secure parking facilities. What is original/value of paper This is one of the first papers in the field of supply chain risk management to employ actual crime statistics reported by the industry to analyze the occurrence of cargo theft by focusing on the non-secure parking element of the transport chain.
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| 2. |
- Byström, Katriina, et al.
(författare)
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Risker och säkerhet i professionell vardag : tekniska, organisatoriska och etiska perspektiv
- 2010
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Vid Högskolan i Borås bedrivs ett utredningsarbete med syfte att klargöra förutsättningarna för att inrätta ett centrum för studier av risk, profession och säkerhet. Parallellt med resonemang rörande lämpliga styr- och organisationsformer behandlas hur utbildningen inom området bör utformas. I skrivande stund är inriktningen att utveckla och erbjuda ett magisterprogram inom området management där en inriktning är mot risk och säkerhet. En satsning på utbildning fordrar forskningsanknytning och förekomsten av forskning inom området risk och säkerhet utgör därför en viktig utgångspunkt för det fortsatta arbetet. Vid högskolan finns idag forskning som belyser risk och säkerhetsfrågor inom skilda verksamhetsområden och med olika teoretiska utgångspunkter. Området spänner från hur risker hanteras i det vardagliga arbetet för olika professioner till hur risker kan elimineras och osäkerhet reduceras i samband med extra ordinära händelser. Högskolan i Borås ska vara ett komplett professionslärosäte och bedriva nydanande och samhällsrelevant utbildning och forskning. Ett flervetenskapligt ideal präglar utbildning och forskning, där problemet som ska belysas är i centrum och inte den akademiska disciplinen. Att bedriva utbildning och forskning inom risk och säkerhet är i enlighet med lärosätets ideal och inriktning. Genom att anlägga ett risk- och säkerhetsperspektiv på olika typer av samhälleliga fenomen i utbildning och forskning uppmärksammas dels nya frågor, dels beforskas områden och fenomen utifrån ett i förhållande till traditionell disciplinär forskning alternativt perspektiv, och därigenom kan ny kunskap erhållas. Ett led i utvecklingen av forskningsverksamheten vid högskolan är sammanställningen och publiceringen av föreliggande antologi. Två av de ledande forskarna inom området, Bertil Rolandsson och Håkan Torstensson, har tagit initiativ till antologin och fungerat som redaktörer. Fem bidrag publiceras i rapporten som tillsammans visar vad forskning kring risk och säkerhet kan vara och vilken inriktning forskningen har vid Högskolan i Borås. Tre bidrag har fokus på transportbranschen, ett på polisiär verksamhet och ett på vårdverksamhet. Det finns således en spridning över praktiska fält och även spridning vad gäller teoretiska utgångspunkter. Rapporten är nummer tretton i högskolans rapportserie Vetenskap för profession, vars syfte är att redovisa resultat från pågående och avslutade forskningsprojekt. Rapporten är också ett underlag för fortsatta resonemang inom högskolan om satsningen på utbildning och forskning inom området risk och säkerhet och kring frågan om vilken inriktning forskningen ska ha.
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| 3. |
- Kumar, Vijay, 1989-, et al.
(författare)
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Macro-Scale Indicators Based Analysis of Textile Product Recalls in the EU
- 2016
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Ingår i: NOFOMA 2016 - PROCEEDINGS OF THE 28TH ANNUAL NORDIC LOGISTICS RESEARCH NETWORK CONFERENCE, TURKU, FINLAND, 8-10 JUNE 2016. ; , s. 321-340
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- ABSTRACT PurposeThe purpose of this article is to study the relationship between macro-scale indicators (social, economic and governance) with textile product recalls in the EU. Here the main focus is given to a systemic approach to understand the problem from a holistic perspective, focusing on the interactions among components rather than focusing only on causes.Design/methodology/approach The EU’s recalled textile product data and macroscale indicators used in the study were obtained from multiple sources, namely RAPEX, Transparency International, Eurostat, and The World Bank. The data have been used for the years 2008-2013. Multiple linear regression analysis and p-value statistics were used to scale the impact and statistical significance respectively, of the indicators on the textile product recalls.Findings Findings from the study suggest that the textile recall is influenced by governance and social aspects of the EU member states while the economic aspect has negligible statistical significance. Results further suggest that better governance and higher social inequality lead to lesser textile product recalls.Original/valueThis study is first to quantitatively identify of the role of social, governance and economic aspects of the EU member states on their textile-product recalls. The previous qualitative research works have been focused on a particular brand or recall which limit the generalization of their conclusions. Whereas, this paper uses a systemic approach to understand the problem from a holistic perspective, focusing on the interactions among components rather than focusing only on causes.
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| 4. |
- Rolandsson, Bertil, et al.
(författare)
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Frames of Thefts at Work – Security Culture and the Organisation of Responsibility in Transport Networks
- 2010
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Ingår i: Security Journal. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1743-4645 .- 0955-1662. ; 23:3, s. 174-191
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper we investigate how security cultures guide the way in which employees who work within global and constantly changing transport networks understand daily risks of thefts at work. Based on qualitative interviews with terminal workers at three Swedish freight terminals and on Mary Douglas's Grid/Group model, we elaborate theoretically on how their frames of security can be understood as dependent on the organizational context. We found that the terminal workers used a so-called industrial frame of security that promotes hierarchic organizations of security. However, a conventional industrial frame, expressed by confident workers who believed that thefts should be handled by managers who followed established routines, can be distinguished from an industrial frame expressed by discouraged workers who described unpredictable external conditions that demanded their individual responsibility. A conclusion drawn is that the differences between these industrial frames indicate that our understanding of security cultures, that is, the framing of individual responsibility and inclination to act against perpetrators, has to be based on an analysis of both the organization of work and a wider organizational context.
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| 5. |
- Ekwall, Daniel
(författare)
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Antagonistic threats against transports in EU in a supply
- 2010
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose of this paper To analysis the risk for antagonistic threats against transports in EU in order to find patterns, trends and theoretical framework in order to better handle these risks from a supply chain perspective. Design/methodology/approach The research is based on a system-theoretical approach, which emphasizes a holistic view instead of the characteristics of the different parts. The research method used in this paper is deductive. The analysis is based on official statistics over antagonistic threats against transports in EU within a frame of reference consisting of theories from supply chain risk management and criminology. Findings There is no silver bullet for solving antagonistic threats as it has always been a part of the business. Within this understanding there are many changes in hot spots, modus operandi, theft endangered objects and handling methods during time, but the basic theoretical frame of reference is still more or less the same. Research limitations/implications (if applicable) The research is based on theoretical deduction together with official statistics regarding antagonistic threats. The geographically limitation to the EU is done of practical reasons whiles the frame of reference can be used globally for analysis antagonistic threats against transports. Practical implications (if applicable) This research is limited by the lack of reliable information sources about criminal activities against logistics business. Secondary sources, like official crime statistics, are at best untrustworthy but more likely filled with large parts of hidden statistics. By using several different and independent official statistical sources and analysis the results within a common frame of reference can the validity of the research be secure. What is original/value of paper This paper is a step towards bringing theories from criminology into the scientific field of logistics and supply chain risk management.
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| 6. |
- Ekwall, Daniel, 1974, et al.
(författare)
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Cargo theft at non-secure parking locations
- 2015
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Ingår i: International Journal of Retail and Distribution Management. - 0959-0552 .- 1758-6690. ; 43:3, s. 204-220
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the patterns of reported cargo thefts at non-secure parking facilities in Europe, the Middle East, and Africa (EMEA) with respect to stolen value, frequency, incident category, and modi operandi.Design/methodology/approach – This study is based on a system-theoretical approach that emphasizes on a holistic rather than an atomistic view. The research method used in this paper is deductive; the analysis is based on data obtained from the incident information service (IIS), a database of transport-related crimes from the Transported Asset Protection Association (TAPA) in the EMEA region. The results are analysed and discussed within a frame of reference based on supply chain riskmanagement (SCRM) and criminology theories.Findings – We found that 97 per cent of all attacks during a stop occur at non-secure parking locations. Cargo thefts at these locations are more of a volume crime than high-value thefts. Seasonal variations were seen in these thefts, and the most common type was an intrusion on weekdays during winter.Research limitations/implications – This study is limited by the content of and the classifications within the TAPA EMEA IIS database.Practical implications – This paper is directly relevant to the current EU discussions regarding the creation of a large number of secure parking facilities in the region.Originality/value – This is one of the first papers in the field of SCRM that utilizes actual crime statistics reported by the industry to analyse the occurrence of cargo theft by focusing on the non-secure parking aspect in the transport chain.
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| 7. |
- Ekwall, Daniel
(författare)
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Complexity, antagonism and supply chains : A conceptual framework
- 2014
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper aims to develop a conceptual framework for antagonistic threats in logistics. This relates aspects of criminology (such as opportunity and crime displacement) to supply chain performance in order to capture the dynamic complexity for antagonistic threats. The research method used in this paper is desk-top reasoning. This paper uses deductive reasoning to describe how different well-known theories from criminology can support the scientific field of logistics and supply chain management with regards to the problem with antagonistic threats. Insights from complexity theory guide the search for guiding principles that describe the behaviour of the system. With the antagonistic threat framework will the lack of empirical data not be devastating due to that it is theoretical possible to foresee complex systemic changes due to the interactions between involved theoretical viewpoints. The conceptual framework can be used as a supporting factor or an analytic tool together with different types of empirical data regarding antagonistic threats against supply chains. This paper maintains that the understanding of the relationship between potential perpetrators and theft preventing measures is a key issue to reduce antagonistic threat problems within the transport network.
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| 8. |
- Ekwall, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
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Enhanced liability clauses in logistics contracts : functions, features and future
- 2014
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper provides a detailed analysis and assessment of the use of enhanced liability (EL) clauses in logistics contracts. The expression “enhanced liability” refers to clauses in a contract that obligate one of the partners to accept extended liability for future claims payments beyond normal standards of transport law, conventions or national standard terms. This paper provides explanations and an understanding of how logistics business actors are using enhanced liability clauses in supplier contacts to reallocate their own supply chain risks. The research approach is based on two pillars: firstly, a proposition on EL cause and effects is theoretically deducted from supply chain risk, freight transport and law literature; secondly, the results of 12 semi-structured interviews with managers were elaborated on. The interviews were structured in four major areas: history of EL, contractual negotiation process, effects of activated EL clauses, and future of EL clauses. Enhanced liability clauses are a risk redistribution tool within the supply chain that contributes to higher total cost for the entire supply chain. This paper introduces and discusses the enhanced liability clause in contracts as a risk allocation method and explains its limitations, providing both novel managerial insight and theory.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Ekwall, Daniel
(författare)
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On analysing the official statistics for antagonistic threats against transports in EU : a supply chain risk perspective
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Transportation Security. - : Springer Science. - 1938-7741 .- 1938-775X.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this paper is to analysis the risk for antagonistic threats against transports in EU in order to find patterns and trends. The research is based on a system-theoretical approach, which emphasizes a holistic view instead of the characteristics of the different parts. The research method used in this paper is deductive. The analysis is based on official statistics over antagonistic threats against transports in EU within a frame of reference consisting of theories from supply chain risk management and criminology. There is no silver bullet for solving antagonistic threats as it has always been a part of the business. Within this understanding there are many changes in hot spots, modus operandi, theft endangered objects and handling methods during time, but the basic theoretical frame of reference is still more or less the same. The geographically limitation to the EU is done of practical reasons whiles the frame of reference can be used globally for analysis antagonistic threats against transports. This research is limited by the lack of reliable information sources about criminal activities against logistics business. Secondary sources, like official crime statistics, are at best untrustworthy but more likely filled with large parts of hidden statistics. By using several different and independent official statistical sources and analysis the results within a common frame of reference can the validity of the research be secure. The theoretical framework is based on the theory of routine activity and its implications for logistics. This theory explains why the transport network produces the same theft opportunity over and over again.
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