| 1. |
- Barthel, Stephan, 1968-, et al.
(författare)
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Global urbanization and food production in direct competition for land : Leverage places to mitigate impacts on SDG2 and on the Earth System
- 2019
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Ingår i: The Anthropocene Review. - : SAGE Publications. - 2053-0196 .- 2053-020X. ; 6:1-2, s. 71-97
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Global urbanization and food production are in direct competition for land. This paper carries outa critical review of how displacing crop production from urban and peri-urban land to other areas– because of issues related to soil quality – will demand a substantially larger proportion of theEarth’s terrestrial land surface than the surface area lost to urban encroachment. Such relationshipsmay trigger further distancing effects and unfair social-ecological teleconnections. It risks also settingin motion amplifying effects within the Earth System. In combination, such multiple stressors set thescene for food riots in cities of the Global South. Our review identifies viable leverage points on whichto act in order to navigate urban expansion away from fertile croplands. We first elaborate on thepolitical complexities in declaring urban and peri-urban lands with fertile soils as one global commons.We find that the combination of an advisory global policy aligned with regional policies enablingrobust common properties rights for bottom-up actors and movements in urban and peri-urbanagriculture (UPA) as multi-level leverage places to intervene. To substantiate the ability of aligningglobal advisory policy with regional planning, we review both past and contemporary examples whereempowering local social-ecological UPA practices and circular economies have had a stimulatingeffect on urban resilience and helped preserve, restore, and maintain urban lands with healthy soils.
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| 2. |
- Tengberg, Anna, 1964, et al.
(författare)
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Cultural ecosystem services provided by landscapes: Assessment of heritage values and identity
- 2012
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Ingår i: Ecosystem Services. - : Elsevier BV. - 2212-0416. ; 2, s. 14-26
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper aims to provide a conceptual analysis of cultural ecosystem services and how they are linked to the concepts of landscape, heritage and identity. It discusses how these cultural ecosystem services can be assessed and integrated into spatial and physical planning. The paper presents two case studies to shed light on the assessment process. A case study from Sweden combines an analysis of ecosystem services with methods for documenting cultural heritage values in landscapes. A second case study from the Arafura–Timor Seas combines an analysis of cultural ecosystem services with methods for assessment of priority environmental concerns at the seascape scale. We demonstrate that the methods from cultural heritage conservation provide tools for the analysis of historical values as well as historical drivers of change in landscapes that can add time-depth to more spatially focused ecosystem assessments. We propose that methods for valuation of cultural heritage and identity in landscapes are integrated into assessments of ecosystem services to inform policy making and physical and spatial planning for sustainable management of ecosystems and landscapes. This could also provide an approach for bringing about integrated implementation of conventions and instruments from the environmental and cultural heritage fields, respectively.
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| 3. |
- Eliasson, Ingegärd, 1961, et al.
(författare)
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Klimatet vänder turistströmmar
- 2009
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Ingår i: Miljöforskning. ; 1, s. 24-25:1, s. 24-25
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 6. |
- Neumann, W. P., et al.
(författare)
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Production system design elements influencing productivity and ergonomics - A case study of parallel and serial flow strategies
- 2006
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Ingår i: International Journal of Operations & Production Management. - : Emerald. - 0144-3577 .- 1758-6593. ; 26:8, s. 904-923
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to investigate a strategic change from parallel cell-based assembly (old) to serial-line assembly (new) in a Swedish company with special reference to how production system design elements affect both productivity and ergonomics. Design/methodology/approach - Multiple methods, including records and video analysis, questionnaires, interviews, biomechanical modelling, and flow simulation were applied. Findings - The new system, unlike the old, showed the emergence of system and balance losses as well as vulnerability to disturbances and difficulty handling all product variants. Nevertheless, the new system as realised partially overcame productivity barriers in the operation and management of the old system. The new system had impaired ergonomics due to decreased physical variation and increased repetitiveness with cycle times that were 6 per cent of previous thus increasing repetitiveness, and significantly reducing perceived influence over work. Workstations' uneven exposure to physical tasks such as nut running created a potential problem for workload management. The adoption of teamwork in the new system contributed to significantly increased co-worker support - an ergonomic benefit. Practical implications - Design decisions made early in the development process affect both ergonomics and productivity in the resulting system. While the time pattern of physical loading appeared to be controlled by flow and work organisation elements, the amplitude of loading was determined more by workstation layout. Psychosocial conditions appear to be affected by a combination of system elements including layout, flow, and work organisation elements. Strategic use of parallelisation elements in assembly, perhaps in hybrid forms from configurations observed here, appears to be a viable design option for improved performance by reducing the fragility and ergonomic problems of assembly lines. Originality/value - The interacting design elements examined here pose potential "levers" of control by which productivity and ergonomics could be jointly optimised for improved total system performance.
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| 7. |
- Takala, Esa-Pekka, et al.
(författare)
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Systematic evaluation of observational methods assessing biomechanical exposures at work
- 2010
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health. - : Finnish Institute of Occupational Health; National Research Centre for the  . - 0355-3140 .- 1795-990X. ; 36:1, s. 3-24
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: This systematic review aimed to identify published observational methods assessing biomechanical exposures in occupational settings and evaluate them with reference to the needs of different users.Methods: We searched scientific databases and the internet for material from 1965 to September 2008. Methods were included if they were primarily based on the systematic observation of work, the observation target was the human body, and the method was clearly described in the literature. A systematic evaluation procedure was developed to assess concurrent and predictive validity, repeatability, and aspects related to utility. At least two evaluators independently carried out this evaluation.Results: We identified 30 eligible observational methods. Of these, 19 had been compared with some other method(s), varying from expert evaluation to data obtained from video recordings or through the use of technical instruments. Generally, the observations showed moderate-to-good agreement with the corresponding assessments made from video recordings; agreement was the best for large-scale body postures and work actions. Postures of wrist and hand as well as trunk rotation seemed to be more difficult to observe correctly. Intra- and inter-observer repeatability were reported for 7 and 17 methods, respectively, and were judged mostly to be moderate or good.Conclusions: With training, observers can reach consistent results on clearly visible body postures and work activities. Many observational tools exist, but none evaluated in this study appeared to be generally superior. When selecting a method, users should define their needs and assess how results will influence decision-making
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Westling, Karolina, 1971, et al.
(författare)
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Fyra blöjbarn ser på tv - en deskriptiv analys
- 2008
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Ingår i: Blöjbarnsteve. Om hur barn under 3 år upplever tv och leker med fjärrtroll. - Uppsala : Filmförlaget. ; , s. s.73-145
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 10. |
- Allelin, Majsa, et al.
(författare)
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Ägande- och förmögenhetsstrukturen och dess förändring sedan 1980
- 2018
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Den här rapporten visar, genom omfattande studier av en mängd tidigare genomförda undersökningar om ägande och förmögenhetsförhållanden i Sverige, att koncentrationen av makt och ägande har blivit allt mer ojämlik. Resultaten är bland annat att: • Ungefär hälften av den samlade svenska ekonomin ägs numera från utlandet. • Det utländska ägandet på Stockholmsbörsen har ökat från 4 procent år 1979 till 39,4 procent 2016. • Det offentliga bolagsägandet har minskat och antalet anställda i statliga företag har halverats från 310 000 år 1980 till 158 000 år 2015. • Det institutionella ägandet har ökat och utgör cirka 20 procent av ägandet i de börsnoterade bolagen. • Det så kallade riskkapitalet har vuxit kraftfullt i omfattning och störst i sektorn är Wallenbergkontrollerade EQT. • I de stora börsnoterade bolagen på Stockholmsbörsen har den största ägarens andel av röstetalet ökat från i genomsnitt 26,8 procent till 31,2 procent av bolagsstämmans röster. • De 15 största finansfamiljerna styrde år 2017 bolag värda 4 935 miljarder kronor. Som jämförelse var Sveriges totala BNP samma år 4 604 miljarder kronor. • Familjen Wallenberg kontrollerade företag värderade till närmare 2 000 miljarder kronor. • Vad gäller de samlade förmögenheterna så har den allra rikaste procentens andel av de samlade förmögenheterna fördubblats från 20,5 procent 1978 till 39,6 procent 2006 och har fortsatt öka sedan dess. • Antalet svenska miljardärer har ökat från 83 personer 2001 till 178 år 2016. För att samhällsutvecklingen ska kunna vändas i riktning mot ökad jämlikhet krävs det att den breda vänstern tar kampen för att återskapa former för reglering och begränsningar av kapitalets makt både i Sverige men också internationellt i en allt mer globaliserad värld. Utvecklandet av ett nytt gemensamt projekt, som utgör ett verkligt alternativ till den ojämlikhetsskapande marknadsliberalismen, är av avgörande betydelse för socialdemokratins framtid.
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