| 1. |
- Al-Hassan, Suha M., et al.
(författare)
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Parents’ learning support and school attitudes in relation to adolescent academic identity and school performance in nine countries
- 2024
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Ingår i: European Journal of Psychology of Education. - 0256-2928 .- 1878-5174. ; , s. 1-26
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An important question for parents and educators alike is how to promote adolescents’ academic identity and school performance. This study investigated relations among parental education, parents’ attitudes toward their adolescents’ school, parental support for learning at home, and adolescents’ academic identity and school performance over time and in different national contexts. Longitudinal data were collected from adolescents and their parents in nine countries (China, Colombia, Italy, Jordan, Kenya, the Philippines, Sweden, Thailand, and the United States). When adolescents were 16 years old, their mothers (N = 1083) and fathers (N = 859) provided data. When adolescents were 17 years old, 1049 adolescents (50% girls) and their mothers (N = 1001) and fathers (N = 749) provided data. Multiple-group path analyses indicated that, across cultures, higher parent education was associated with better adolescent school performance. Parents’ attitudes toward their adolescents’ school and parent support for learning in the home were not associated with adolescents’ school performance but were associated with academic identity. The findings suggest somewhat different pathways to school performance versus academic identity. Implications for helping parents and educators in different countries promote adolescents’ academic identity and achievement are discussed.
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| 2. |
- Alampay, Liane Pena, et al.
(författare)
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Severity and justness do not moderate the relation between corporal punishment and negative child outcomes : A multicultural and longitudinal study
- 2017
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Ingår i: International Journal of Behavioral Development. - : SAGE Publications. - 0165-0254 .- 1464-0651. ; 41:4, s. 491-502
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There is strong evidence of a positive association between corporal punishment and negative child outcomes, but previous studies have suggested that the manner in which parents implement corporal punishment moderates the effects of its use. This study investigated whether severity and justness in the use of corporal punishment moderate the associations between frequency of corporal punishment and child externalizing and internalizing behaviors. This question was examined using a multicultural sample from eight countries and two waves of data collected one year apart. Interviews were conducted with 998 children aged 7–10 years, and their mothers and fathers, from China, Colombia, Italy, Jordan, Kenya, Philippines, Thailand, and the United States. Mothers and fathers responded to questions on the frequency, severity, and justness of their use of corporal punishment; they also reported on the externalizing and internalizing behavior of their child. Children reported on their aggression. Multigroup path models revealed that across cultural groups, and as reported by mothers and fathers, there is a positive relation between the frequency of corporal punishment and externalizing child behaviors. Mother-reported severity and father-reported justness were associated with child-reported aggression. Neither severity nor justness moderated the relation between frequency of corporal punishment and child problem behavior. The null result suggests that more use of corporal punishment is harmful to children regardless of how it is implemented, but requires further substantiation as the study is unable to definitively conclude that there is no true interaction effect.
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| 3. |
- Bornstein, Marc H, et al.
(författare)
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Mixed blessings : parental religiousness, parenting, and child adjustment in global perspective.
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry. - : Wiley. - 0021-9630 .- 1469-7610. ; 58:8, s. 880-892
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Most studies of the effects of parental religiousness on parenting and child development focus on a particular religion or cultural group, which limits generalizations that can be made about the effects of parental religiousness on family life.METHODS: We assessed the associations among parental religiousness, parenting, and children's adjustment in a 3-year longitudinal investigation of 1,198 families from nine countries. We included four religions (Catholicism, Protestantism, Buddhism, and Islam) plus unaffiliated parents, two positive (efficacy and warmth) and two negative (control and rejection) parenting practices, and two positive (social competence and school performance) and two negative (internalizing and externalizing) child outcomes. Parents and children were informants.RESULTS: Greater parent religiousness had both positive and negative associations with parenting and child adjustment. Greater parent religiousness when children were age 8 was associated with higher parental efficacy at age 9 and, in turn, children's better social competence and school performance and fewer child internalizing and externalizing problems at age 10. However, greater parent religiousness at age 8 was also associated with more parental control at age 9, which in turn was associated with more child internalizing and externalizing problems at age 10. Parental warmth and rejection had inconsistent relations with parental religiousness and child outcomes depending on the informant. With a few exceptions, similar patterns of results held for all four religions and the unaffiliated, nine sites, mothers and fathers, girls and boys, and controlling for demographic covariates.CONCLUSIONS: Parents and children agree that parental religiousness is associated with more controlling parenting and, in turn, increased child problem behaviors. However, children see religiousness as related to parental rejection, whereas parents see religiousness as related to parental efficacy and warmth, which have different associations with child functioning. Studying both parent and child views of religiousness and parenting are important to understand the effects of parental religiousness on parents and children.
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| 4. |
- Bornstein, Marc H., et al.
(författare)
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’Mixed Blessings’ : Parental religiousness, parenting, and child adjustment in global perspective
- 2022
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Ingår i: Parenting. - New York : Taylor & Francis. - 9781000556285 - 9780367765682 - 9781003167570 ; , s. 392-415
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: Most studies of the effects of parental religiousness on parenting and child development focus on a particular religion or cultural group, which limits generalizations that can be made about the effects of parental religiousness on family life.Methods: We assessed the associations among parental religiousness, parenting, and children’s adjustment in a 3-year longitudinal investigation of 1,198 families from nine countries. We included four religions (Catholicism, Protestantism, Buddhism, and Islam) plus unaffiliated parents, two positive (efficacy and warmth) and two negative (control and rejection) parenting practices, and two positive (social competence and school performance) and two negative (internalizing and externalizing) child outcomes. Parents and children were informants.Results: Greater parent religiousness had both positive and negative associations with parenting and child adjustment. Greater parent religiousness when children were age 8 was associated with higher parental efficacy at age 9 and, in turn, children’s better social competence and school performance and fewer child internalizing and externalizing problems at age 10. However, greater parent religiousness at age 8 was also associated with more parental control at age 9, which in turn was associated with more child internalizing and externalizing problems at age 10. Parental warmth and rejection had inconsistent relations with parental religiousness and child outcomes depending on the informant. With a few exceptions, similar patterns of results held for all four religions and the unaffiliated, nine sites, mothers and fathers, girls and boys, and controlling for demographic covariates.Conclusions: Parents and children agree that parental religiousness is associated with more controlling parenting and, in turn, increased child problem behaviors. However, children see religiousness as related to parental rejection, whereas parents see religiousness as related to parental efficacy and warmth, which have different associations with child functioning. Studying both parent and child views of religiousness and parenting is important to understand the effects of parental religiousness on parents and children.
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| 5. |
- Bornstein, Marc H., et al.
(författare)
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Mother and father socially desirable responding in nine countries : Two kinds of agreement and relations to parenting self-reports
- 2015
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Ingår i: International Journal of Psychology. - : Wiley. - 0020-7594 .- 1464-066X. ; 50:3, s. 174-185
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We assessed 2 forms of agreement between mothers’ and fathers’ socially desirable responding in China, Colombia, Italy, Jordan, Kenya, the Philippines, Sweden, Thailand and the United States (N = 1110 families). Mothers and fathers in all 9 countries reported socially desirable responding in the upper half of the distribution, and countries varied minimally (but China was higher than the cross-country grand mean and Sweden lower). Mothers and fathers did not differ in reported levels of socially desirable responding, and mothers’ and fathers’ socially desirable responding were largely uncorrelated. With one exception, mothers’ and fathers’ socially desirable responding were similarly correlated with self-perceptions of parenting, and correlations varied somewhat across countries. These findings are set in a discussion of socially desirable responding, cultural psychology and family systems.
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| 6. |
- Buchanan, Christy M., et al.
(författare)
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Developmental Trajectories of Parental Self-Efficacy as Children Transition to Adolescence in Nine Countries : Latent Growth Curve Analyses
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Youth and Adolescence. - : Plenum Publishing. - 0047-2891 .- 1573-6601.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Little is known about the developmental trajectories of parental self-efficacy as children transition into adolescence. This study examined parental self-efficacy among mothers and fathers over 3 1/2 years representing this transition, and whether the level and developmental trajectory of parental self-efficacy varied by cultural group. Data were drawn from three waves of the Parenting Across Cultures (PAC) project, a large-scale longitudinal, cross-cultural study, and included 1178 mothers and 1041 fathers of children who averaged 9.72 years of age at T1 (51.2% girls). Parents were from nine countries (12 ethnic/cultural groups), which were categorized into those with a predominant collectivistic (i.e., China, Kenya, Philippines, Thailand, Colombia, and Jordan) or individualistic (i.e., Italy, Sweden, and USA) cultural orientation based on Hofstede's Individualism Index (Hofstede Insights, 2021). Latent growth curve analyses supported the hypothesis that parental self-efficacy would decline as children transition into adolescence only for parents from more individualistic countries; parental self-efficacy increased over the same years among parents from more collectivistic countries. Secondary exploratory analyses showed that some demographic characteristics predicted the level and trajectory of parental self-efficacy differently for parents in more individualistic and more collectivistic countries. Results suggest that declines in parental self-efficacy documented in previous research are culturally influenced.
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| 7. |
- Buchanan, Christy M, et al.
(författare)
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Typicality and trajectories of problematic and positive behaviors over adolescence in eight countries.
- 2022
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Psychology. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 1664-1078. ; 13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this study, we examine the predictions of a storm and stress characterization of adolescence concerning typicality and trajectories of internalizing, externalizing, and wellbeing from late childhood through late adolescence. Using data from the Parenting Across Cultures study, levels and trajectories of these characteristics were analyzed for 1,211 adolescents from 11 cultural groups across eight countries. Data were longitudinal, collected at seven timepoints from 8 to 17 years of age. Results provide more support for a storm and stress characterization with respect to the developmental trajectories of behavior and characteristics from childhood to adolescence or across the adolescent years than with respect to typicality of behavior. Overall, adolescents' behavior was more positive than negative in all cultural groups across childhood and adolescence. There was cultural variability in both prevalence and trajectories of behavior. The data provide support for arguments that a more positive and nuanced characterization of adolescence is appropriate and important.
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| 8. |
- Campbell, Cory, et al.
(författare)
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Parallel Growth of Children’s Internalizing Behaviors Predicted by Positive Parenting Behaviors
- 2021
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Ingår i: SRCD 2021 Virtual Biennial Meeting.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The global outbreak of COVID-19 has impacted all systems essential to human life and wellbeing (Masten & Motto-Stefanidi, 2020). The complex combination of health and economic stressors together with difficulty accessing protective factors may impact the family system in particular. Families differ in their responses to stressors (Bonanno et al., 2010), and the way in which families adjust to events and transitions related to the pandemic may be related to the distress perceived by children and their long-term wellbeing (Felix et al., 2013).This symposium will examine whether and through which processes families adjust during the global outbreak of COVID-19. We explore 2 research questions: 1)What did families do during the pandemic to maintain resilience? 2)What are the main protective and risk factors within the family context that are related to children’s and adolescents’ adjustment during this stressful and potentially traumatic event?Three strengths characterize the symposium. First, longitudinal designs with pre- and post-onset measurements enabled us to capture the dynamic nature of changes impacted by the COVID-19 outbreak. Second, the global nature of the outbreak is represented in cross-cultural perspective to understand commonalities and specificities of the processes activated by the event in different countries from Europe, North America, and Asia. Finally, mechanisms of resiliency and vulnerability examining the adjustment of the family members are assessed through longitudinal moderation and mediation analyses.
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| 9. |
- Chang, Lei, et al.
(författare)
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Environmental harshness and unpredictability, life history, and social and academic behavior of adolescents in nine countries.
- 2019
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Ingår i: Developmental Psychology. - : American Psychological Association (APA). - 0012-1649 .- 1939-0599. ; 55:4, s. 890-903
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Safety is essential for life. To survive, humans and other animals have developed sets of psychological and physiological adaptations known as life history (LH) tradeoff strategies in response to various safety constraints. Evolutionarily selected LH strategies in turn regulate development and behavior to optimize survival under prevailing safety conditions. The present study tested LH hypotheses concerning safety based on a 6-year longitudinal sample of 1,245 adolescents and their parents from 9 countries. The results revealed that, invariant across countries, environmental harshness, and unpredictability (lack of safety) was negatively associated with slow LH behavioral profile, measured 2 years later, and slow LH behavioral profile was negatively and positively associated with externalizing behavior and academic performance, respectively, as measured an additional 2 years later. These results support the evolutionary conception that human development responds to environmental safety cues through LH regulation of social and learning behaviors. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).
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| 10. |
- Chang, Lei, et al.
(författare)
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External environment and internal state in relation to life-history behavioural profiles of adolescents in nine countries
- 2019
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Biological Sciences. - : The Royal Society. - 0962-8452 .- 1471-2954. ; 286:1917
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The external environment has traditionally been considered as the primary driver of animal life history (LH). Recent research suggests that animals' internal state is also involved, especially in forming LH behavioural phenotypes. The present study investigated how these two factors interact in formulating LH in humans. Based on a longitudinal sample of 1223 adolescents in nine countries, the results show that harsh and unpredictable environments and adverse internal states in childhood are each uniquely associated with fast LH behavioural profiles consisting of aggression, impulsivity, and risk-taking in adolescence. The external environment and internal state each strengthened the LH association of the other, but overall the external environment was more predictive of LH than was the internal state. These findings suggest that individuals rely on a multitude and consistency of sensory information in more decisively calibrating LH and behavioural strategies.
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