| 1. |
- Morberg, Siv, et al.
(författare)
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The perceived perceptions of head school nurses in developing school nursing roles within schools
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of Nursing Management. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0966-0429 .- 1365-2834. ; 17:7, s. 813-821
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: To gain a deeper understanding of how Swedish head school nurses perceive their leadership in developing school health care. Background: A well-functioning school health care is important for promoting the health of children and young people. Method: Constructivist-grounded theory was used to analyse 11 individual interviews with nine head school nurses. Results Head school nurses strive to find a balance between what they experience as vague formal goals and strong informal goals which leads to creating local goals in order to develop school health care. Conclusion: The head school nurse's job is experienced as a divided and pioneering job in which there is uncertainty about the leadership role. They provide individual support to school nurses, are the link between school nurses and decision makers and highlight the importance of school nurses' work to organizational leaders. Implications for nursing management This study shows that school health care needs to be founded on evidence-based methods. Therefore, a structured plan for education and training in school health care management, based on research and in cooperation with the academic world, would develop the head school nurses' profession, strengthen the position of school health care and advance the school nurses' work.
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| 2. |
- Flisberg, Anders, 1958, et al.
(författare)
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EEG and spectral edge frequency : analysis in posthypoxic newborn piglets
- 2010
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Ingår i: Neuro - endocrinology letters. - : Brain Research Promotion. - 0172-780X. ; 31:2, s. 181-186
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the frequency content of the electroencephalogram (EEG) during recovery after a severe hypoxic insult in newborn piglets. METHODS: EEG was continuously monitored in nine newborn piglets exposed to a severe hypoxic period. Power spectra in five frequency bands were calculated using Fourier transformation. Spectral edge frequency 90 (SEF90) was defined as the frequency below which 90% of the power in the EEG was located. The piglets were divided into two groups; Group 1 represented piglets with some EEG recovery and Group 2 represented piglets without any EEG recovery. RESULTS: The recovery of the EEG in Group 1 had the same time course in all frequency bands. SEF90 indicates recovery earlier than the value of total power. But SEF90 also signals activity in the EEGs that were almost completely suppressed. When SEF90 was calculated during periods of periodic EEG activity during the very early phase of recovery, the values fell within the same range as during the control period. CONCLUSION: Spectral analysis of continuous EEG in newborn piglets exposed to very severe hypoxia showed that no specific frequency band of the EEG preceded the other ones during recovery. The results of the SEF90 measure, demonstrates the need for critical analysis of the raw EEG before any reliable estimation of cerebral function can be made.
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| 3. |
- Erdner, Anette, et al.
(författare)
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Social and existential alienation experienced by people with long-term mental illness
- 2005
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. - : Wiley. - 0283-9318 .- 1471-6712. ; 19:4, s. 373-380
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to explore how people suffering from long-term mental illness and who live in the community experience their daily lives. The study was based on an ethnographic framework involving participant observations with 23 individuals from two rehabilitation centres and interviews with six women and two men. The observational notes and interviews were recorded, transcribed into the data and analysed based on the phases of hermeneutic interpretation. The process consisted of identifying tentative interpretations that highlighted various impediments that prevent people with long-term mental illness from having an active life. The impediments can also be interpreted as a form of alienation, an interpersonal phenomenon and a consequence due to of the lack of social acceptance towards mental illness. The participants expressed concern about the future and lack of hope. Viewing themselves as being ‘odd’ is not a symptom of mental illness, but rather evidence of experiencing existential and social alienation not only as a consequence of other people's reactions but also their own negative attitudes towards mental illness and effects of their cognitive dysfunction.
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| 4. |
- Josefsson, Karin
(författare)
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Municipal elderly care : implications of registered nurses' work situation, education, and competence
- 2006
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Registered nurses (RNs) are key figures in municipal elderly care. It is a challenge to create necessary conditions that enable them to provide quality nursing care. These studies aimed to increase insight into RNs work conditions in municipal elderly care, and to compare RNs working solely in dementia care (DC) with RNs working in general elder care (GC). The specific aims were to describe RNs’ perceptions of: (I) their work situation, regarding demands, influences, and social support, as well as RNs characteristics; (II) violence and threats directed at them, other staff, and care recipients, as well as access to prevention measures and routines for handling violence and threats; (III) their education and competence development; (IV) their needs for knowledge, possibilities for competence development, supervision, organisation of RNs’ development, financial support, competence utilisation, and managers’ competence. A descriptive and comparative design was used. The setting consisted of 60 special housing with subunits in a large city in the middle of Sweden. A total of 213 RNs participated, with a response rate of 62%. Of those, 95 (45%) worked in DC and 118 (55%) in GC. A structured questionnaire, designed for these studies was used. Study I showed on average high time pressure in both groups. Greater knowledge and higher emotional and conflicting demands were found in DC. The majority reported greater opportunities to plan and perform daily work tasks than to influence the work situation in a wider context. On average, there was a high level of support at work from management and fellow workers. Study II indicated that RNs had witnessed and experienced a high degree of indirect threats, direct threats of violent acts, and violent acts, with care recipients also subject to threats and violence. The RNs in DC had greater access to education in managing threats and violence, and routines for managing violence and a door with a lock to their working unit. Study III revealed that RNs possessed a broad range of formal competence. On average, the RNs had 18 years of work experience as an RN. The majority lacked a Degree of Bachelor in Nursing. Few had adequate specialist competence. RNs in DC were willing to invest more in competence development whereas RNs in GC were more motivated to invest in competence development by seeking another position and by attaining a greater authority to make important decisions at work. Study IV showed that, on average, the RNs did not lack or hardly lacked knowledge in the examined domains. RNs in GC lacked knowledge of dementia, falls, and fall injures to a greater extent than RNs in DC. RNs in DC perceived greater possibilities for competence development at work. Most RNs, especially in GC, requested a better organisation for competence development. The majority of RNs had no supervision. Although the utilisation of the competence of RNs was high, RNs used their highest competence about half of the working hours. The employers’ financial contribution to RNs’ continuing education was poor. Conclusions drawn from the studies are: (I) RNs’ time pressure needs to be decreased and their influence on decisions increased. (II) Violence occurs equally frequently without any difference between DC and GC. More often, RNs in DC are offered education on how to manage violence and threats, and have routines for management of violence. Therefore, municipal authorities should increase staff education for management of violence and creating safety routines. Violence needs to be taken seriously with a ‘zero tolerance’ attitude. (III) It is important to develop the RNs’ competence and increase the utilisation of their competence. It is also essential to increase the number of RNs who have specialist competence. (IV) Better organisation and greater possibilities for RNs’ competence development is needed. Employers need to make a greater financial contribution to RNs’ competence development. RNs also need supervision. When combined, high demands and low control in the work situation form the most critical combination for the health of RNs. This may lead to sick-absenteeism and staff turnover. Thus, RNs’ time demands should be decreased, violence be minimised, and influence in decision-making increased in both groups. Further research is required on RNs’ competence development, family conditions, leisure, health, their ‘ideal work’, and the concept of general elder care.
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| 5. |
- Krishnan, Kavya, et al.
(författare)
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Feasibility assessment of crowdsourcing slogans for promoting household waste segregation in India: a cross-sectional study
- 2023
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Public Health. - 2296-2565. ; 11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Crowdsourcing is an emerging technique to engage or access a wider set of experts and multiple stakeholders through online platforms, which might effectively be employed in waste management. Therefore, we assessed the feasibility of the crowdsourcing method to provide an alternative approach that can improve household waste segregation using an “online-slogan-contest”.Methods: The contest was promoted via targeted emails to various governmental and non-governmental organizations and through social media platforms for around 4 weeks (25 days). The entries were received through a Google form. The slogans were assessed by the experts and analyzed using content analysis methods.Results: Total 969 entries were received from different geographic regions in India. Of that, 456 were in English and 513 in Hindi. Five themes of waste segregation emerged from the received slogans: (1) Community awareness, responsibility, and support, (2) Significance of household waste segregation, (3) Use of separate dustbins, (4) Health and well-being, and (5) Environment and sustainability.Discussion: Crowdsourcing approaches can be used by local authorities for improving waste management approaches and are recommended as these involve a wider audience within a short time frame. Moreover, this approach is flexible and integrating crowdsourcing approaches strengthens our understanding of existing waste management activities.
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| 6. |
- Nyström, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Psychiatric Care and Home Care Service : An Exploration of The Professional World Encountered by Persons with Long Term Mental Illness
- 2002
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. - : Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd.. - 0283-9318 .- 1471-6712. ; 16:2, s. 171-178
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study focuses on the views of professional health care providers within a geographical district in Sweden. A total of 52 interviews with persons representing different professional levels within psychiatry and the social services were conducted. The purpose was to compare their understanding of what their responsibility entailed as well as their perceptions of goals and required competence. A content analysis, supplemented with interpretations within a hermeneutic tradition, showed that there are both similarities and differences within and between the two organizations. A common finding is that professionals with the least education are to a great extent responsible for the practical care of persons with long-term mental illness. The implication of this finding is that it is important to be aware of this division of responsibility when developing psychiatric nursing and the home care services according to the needs of long-term mentally ill patients.
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| 7. |
- Olsson, Ann, et al.
(författare)
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Fatherhood in focus, sexual activity can wait : New fathers' experience about sexual life after childbirth
- 2010
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0283-9318 .- 1471-6712. ; 24:4, s. 716-725
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Becoming a parent is overwhelming for most men and women and alters the sexual relationship for many couples. Aim: To describe fathers’ experience about sexual life after childbirth within the first 6 months after childbirth. Method: A descriptive design, using content analysis with a qualitative approach, based on focus group discussions and one-to-one interviews. Participants: Eight first-time and two subsequent fathers participated. Results: Three subthemes were identified: Struggling between stereotypes and personal perceptions of male sexuality during transition to fatherhood; new frames for negotiating sex; a need to feel safe and at ease in the new family situation. The over-arching theme emerged as ‘transition to fatherhood brings sexual life to a crossroads’ and guided us to a deeper understanding of the difficulties men experience during the transition to fatherhood. To get sexual life working, a number of issues had to be resolved, such as getting involved in the care of the baby and the household and getting in tune with their partners in regard to sexual desire. The men needed to be reassured and prepared for this new situation by health care professionals. Conclusions: New fathers in our study put the baby in focus in early parenthood and were prepared to postpone sex until both parties were ready, although they needed reassurance to feel at ease with the new family situation. The fathers’ perceptions of sexual life extended to include all kinds of closeness and touching, and it deviated from the stereotype of male sexuality. This is important information for health care providers and midwives to be aware of for their encounters with men (and women) during the transition to fatherhood, and parenthood and can contribute to caring science with a gender perspective on adjustment of sexual life after childbirth.
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| 8. |
- Binfa, Lorena, et al.
(författare)
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Chilean Women's Reflections About Womanhood and Sexuality During Midlife in a Swedish or Chilean Context
- 2009
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Ingår i: Health Care for Women International. - : Taylor & Francis Inc.. - 0739-9332 .- 1096-4665. ; 30:12, s. 1093-1110
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In order to learn about Chilean women's reflections about womanhood and sexuality during midlife, we held focus group discussions (FGDs) with middle-aged Chilean women living in Stockholm, Sweden, or in Santiago, Chile. We used thematic content analysis for the qualitative data. Emerging themes follow; societal expectations on women, perceptions about sexual relationships, and women's social stigmatization. The women had since childhood been strongly influenced by a gender-imbalanced world, which had made them socially, economically, and biologically at higher risk for exploitation during life. More focus should be directed to middle-aged women's life situation and promotion of gender equity in society.
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| 9. |
- Strömgren, Marcus, et al.
(författare)
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Social capital among healthcare professionals : A prospective study of its importance for job satisfaction, work engagement and engagement in clinical improvements
- 2016
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Ingår i: International Journal of Nursing Studies. - : Elsevier. - 0020-7489 .- 1873-491X. ; 53, s. 116-125
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Social capital can be an important resource to facilitate the needed improvements in quality of care and efficiency in hospitals. Objectives: To assess the importance of social capital (recognition, vertical trust, horizontal trust and reciprocity) for job satisfaction, work engagement and engagement in clinical improvements. Design: A prospective cohort design was used. Settings: Intensive care units and emergency, surgical and medical units at five Swedish hospitals with ongoing development of their processes of care. Participants: Healthcare professionals (physicians, registered nurses, assistant nurses) at five Swedish midsize hospitals. Methods: The participants answered a questionnaire at two occasions, NN = 1602 at baseline and NN = 1548 at one-year follow-up. Mean hospital response rate was 53% at baseline and 59% at follow-up. Univariate, multivariate and logistic regression analyses were performed, and the prospective analysis was based on 477 respondents. Results: Social capital was associated with healthcare professionals' general work engagement and job satisfaction. Analysis showed positive associations between all measured aspects of social capital and engagement in clinical improvements of patient safety and quality of care. The prospective analysis showed that increased social capital predicted increased job satisfaction, work engagement and engagement in clinical improvements of patient safety. Conclusion: Social capital is strongly related to job satisfaction and active engagement with clinical improvements. The findings contribute to a deeper knowledge of social capital as a predictive factor that influences patient safety and health among healthcare staff.
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| 10. |
- Vaez, Marjan, et al.
(författare)
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A follow-up of the introduction of a maximum entitlement period for receiving sickness benefits in Sweden : A nationwide register-based study
- 2020
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. - : Sage Publications. - 1403-4948 .- 1651-1905. ; :2, s. 144-154
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In 2008, Sweden introduced a policy change to limit the number of days for sickness benefits (SB). This study aimed to elucidate the characteristics of those who reached the maximum entitlement period for receiving sickness benefits (MEPSB) and their future main source of income. Methods: All 5,309,759 individuals, aged 20–63 and residents of Sweden in 2009 were followed from July 2008 to July 2010 regarding SB-days and date of MEPSB and then categorised into three groups: I) no SB-days, II) ongoing SB-days, and III) MEPSB. Mean numbers of SB-days 2.5 years before and 2 years after the policy change and main source of income in 2011 were assessed. Associations between sociodemographic factors, occupation and paid work as main source of income were estimated by odds ratio (OR). Results: A total of 0.7% reached MEPSB in 2010. The mean numbers of SB-days before and after the policy change were higher in the MEPSB group than in the other two groups. In the MEPSB group, 14% had their main source of income from paid work in 2011; this was more common among women born in Sweden (OR = 1.29), people living with a partner and children (women OR = 1.29; men OR = 1.48), and those with occupations representing high educational levels. Conclusions: One out of seven individuals with MEPSB in 2010 had their main source of income from paid work in 2011, although they had a long-term SB before and after the policy change. Further research is warranted to address the long-term effects of this policy change.
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