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Sökning: hsv:(SAMHÄLLSVETENSKAP) > Mälardalens universitet > Hasson H.

  • Resultat 1-10 av 13
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1.
  • Bäck, A., et al. (författare)
  • Walking the tightrope-perspectives on local politicians' role in implementing a national social care policy on evidence-based practice
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Mental Health Systems. - : BioMed Central Ltd.. - 1752-4458. ; 10:1
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: Despite national policy recommending evidence-based practice (EBP), its application in social care has been limited. While local politicians can affect the process, little is known about their knowledge, attitudes and roles regarding EBP. The aim here is twofold: to explore the role of local politicians in the implementation of EBP in social care from both their own and a management perspective; and to examine factors politicians perceive as affecting their decisions and actions concerning the implementation of EBP policy. Methods: Local politicians (N=13) and managers (N=22) in social care were interviewed. Qualitative thematic analysis with both inductive and deductive codes was used. Results: Politicians were rather uninformed regarding EBP and national policy. The factors limiting their actions were, beside the lack of awareness, lack of ability to question existing working methods, and a need for support in the steering of EBP. Thus, personal interest played a significant part in what role the politicians assumed. This resulted in some politicians taking a more active role in steering EBP while others were not involved. From the managers' perspective, a more active steering by politicians was desired. Setting budget and objectives, as well as active follow-up of work processes and outcomes, were identified as means to affect the implementation of EBP. However, the politicians seemed unaware of the facilitating effects of these actions. Conclusions: Local politicians had a possibility to facilitate the implementation of EBP, but their role was unclear. Personal interest played a big part in determining what role was taken. The results imply that social care politicians might need support in the development of their steering of EBP. Moving the responsibility for EBP facilitation upwards in the political structure could be an important step in developing EBP in social care. 
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2.
  • Mosson, R., et al. (författare)
  • Exploring the role of line managers in implementing evidence-based practice in social services and older people care
  • 2017
  • Ingår i: British Journal of Social Work. - : Oxford University Press. - 0045-3102 .- 1468-263X. ; 47:2, s. 542-560
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • This qualitative study explored the vital role of line managers, namely the managerial level directly above employees, in effectively implementing evidence-based practice (EBP) from their own perspectives. Interviews were carried out with twenty-eight line managers within social services and older people care in seven Swedish municipalities. Thematic analysis was performed. Findings revealed that managers in social care perceived their role as important in implementing EBP. However, notable differences were observed between the two settings, where social services managers had more knowledge and held more positive attitudes towards working according to EBP, and described a more active role in the implementation process than managers in older people care. Overall, the implementation of EBP was performed ad hoc rather than systematically, and with little consideration to analysis of needs according to the local context and limited focus on follow-up and sustainability. This study highlighted that line managers in social services and older people care have different prerequisites for implementing EBP, and are greatly dependent on organisational strategies and context. Gaining knowledge of line managers' perceptions is essential for making informed decisions regarding the support required to achieve EBP in social care, and thus for providing the best possible care for clients. 
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3.
  • Roczniewska, M., et al. (författare)
  • Job crafting interventions : what works, for whom, why, and in which contexts? Research protocol for a systematic review with coincidence analysis
  • 2023
  • Ingår i: Systematic Reviews. - : BioMed Central Ltd. - 2046-4053. ; 12:1
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: Recent challenges in the working world that resulted from the pandemic and technological advances have underlined the importance of flexibility in how jobs are designed. Job crafting (JC) refers to self-initiated changes that employees introduce to their jobs to optimize their job design and increase the fit between the job and their needs and preferences. These behaviors can be stimulated by job crafting training interventions, which aim to change how individual employees design, organize, or manage their work. However, since the interventions are implemented in various ways, we do not know which context and intervention factors are necessary or sufficient to achieve desired outcomes. Without this knowledge, benefitting from the potential of job crafting interventions is limited. The overall aim of this project will be to investigate what combinations of context, intervention, and mechanism factors are linked with effective JC interventions. Specifically, we will detect what factors are minimally sufficient and/or necessary to produce a successful JC intervention, how they combine, as well as what are the multiple alternative paths to their success. Methods: We will perform a systematic review of the JC interventions literature combined with coincidence analysis (CNA). We will search electronic databases of journals and utilize Rayyan software to make decisions regarding inclusion. Data regarding context (e.g., fit), intervention (e.g., types of activities), mechanisms (e.g., intention implementation), and outcomes (e.g., employee well-being, job performance) will be extracted using a pre-piloted form and coded into a crisp-set (factor present vs. absent). Analyses will be carried out using the CNA package in R. Discussion: This review will address gaps in knowledge about the context, intervention, and mechanism-related factors that may impact the effects of JC interventions. Consequently, this review will help develop a program theory for JC interventions that explains what works, how and under which circumstances. Applying CNA to synthesize these complex solutions across multiple studies provides an innovative method that may be used in future review attempts evaluating the implementation of interventions. Finally, our synthesis will provide knowledge relevant to organizational practitioners and scholars who want to implement JC interventions. Trial registration: https://osf.io/2g6yx.
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4.
  • Sundell, K., et al. (författare)
  • Novel Programs, International Adoptions, or Contextual Adaptations? : Meta-Analytical Results From German and Swedish Intervention Research
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: Journal of clinical child and adolescent psychology (Print). - : Routledge. - 1537-4416 .- 1537-4424. ; 45:6, s. 784-796
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • One of the major dilemmas in intervention and implementation research is adaptation versus adherence. High fidelity to an intervention protocol is essential for internal validity. At the same time, it has been argued that adaptation is necessary for improving the adoption and use of interventions by, for example, improving the match between an intervention and its cultural context, thus improving external validity. This study explores the origins of intervention programs (i.e., novel programs, programs adopted from other contexts with or without adaptation) in two meta-analytic intervention data sets from two European countries and compares the effect sizes of the outcomes of the interventions evaluated. Results are based on two samples of studies evaluating German child and youth preventative interventions (k = 158), and Swedish evaluations of a variety of psychological and social interventions (k = 139). The studies were categorized as novel programs, international adoption and contextual adaptation, with a total of six subcategories. In the German sample, after statistically controlling for some crucial methodological aspects, novel programs were significantly more effective than adopted programs. In the Swedish sample, a trend was found suggesting that adopted programs were less effective than adapted and novel programs. If these results are generalizable and unbiased, they favor novel and adapted programs over adopted programs with no adaptation and indicate that adoption of transported programs should not be done without considering adaptation. 
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6.
  • Abildgaard, J. S., et al. (författare)
  • Forms of participation : The development and application of a conceptual model of participation in work environment interventions
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Economic and Industrial Democracy. - : SAGE Publications Ltd. - 0143-831X .- 1461-7099. ; 4:3, s. 746-769
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • In the realm of work environment improvements, the Nordic countries have led the way in demonstrating that employee participation is a key requisite for achieving improvements. Despite this, there is a lack of precision as to what ‘participatory’ in a participatory work environment intervention means. In this study, the authors present a conceptual model for participation in work environment interventions and apply it to protocols and manuals from eight participatory interventions to determine the form of participation used in each intervention. The authors suggest that the conceptual model can be applied in the design and assessment of participatory work environment interventions. 
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7.
  • Frykman, M., et al. (författare)
  • Functions of behavior change interventions when implementing multi-professional teamwork at an emergency department : A comparative case study
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: BMC Health Services Research. - : BioMed Central Ltd.. - 1472-6963. ; 14:1
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • While there is strong support for the benefits of working in multi-professional teams in health care, the implementation of multi-professional teamwork is reported to be complex and challenging. Implementation strategies combining multiple behavior change interventions are recommended, but the understanding of how and why the behavior change interventions influence staff behavior is limited. There is a lack of studies focusing on the functions of different behavior change interventions and the mechanisms driving behavior change. In this study, applied behavior analysis is used to analyze the function and impact of different behavior change interventions when implementing multi-professional teamwork. Methods. A comparative case study design was applied. Two sections of an emergency department implemented multi-professional teamwork involving changes in work processes, aimed at increasing inter-professional collaboration. Behavior change interventions and staff behavior change were studied using observations, interviews and document analysis. Using a hybrid thematic analysis, the behavior change interventions were categorized according to the DCOM® model. The functions of the behavior change interventions were then analyzed using applied behavior analysis. Results: The two sections used different behavior change interventions, resulting in a large difference in the degree of staff behavior change. The successful section enabled staff performance of teamwork behaviors with a strategy based on ongoing problem-solving and frequent clarification of directions. Managerial feedback initially played an important role in motivating teamwork behaviors. Gradually, as staff started to experience positive outcomes of the intervention, motivation for teamwork behaviors was replaced by positive task-generated feedback. Conclusions: The functional perspective of applied behavior analysis offers insight into the behavioral mechanisms that describe how and why behavior change interventions influence staff behavior. The analysis demonstrates how enabling behavior change interventions, managerial feedback and task-related feedback interact in their influence on behavior and have complementary functions during different stages of implementation. 
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8.
  • Frykman, M., et al. (författare)
  • Line managers’ influence on employee usage of a web-based system for occupational health management
  • 2018
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Workplace Health Management. - : Emerald Group Publishing Ltd.. - 1753-8351 .- 1753-836X. ; 11:4, s. 193-209
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to investigate line managers’ influence on employee usage of a web-based system for occupational health management. Design/methodology/approach: Questionnaires were used to measure line managers’ transformational leadership at baseline and their change-supportive managerial activities during weeks 16–52. Employee initial (weeks 16–52) and sustained (weeks 53–144) use of the web-based system was measured by extracting their frequency of logins to the system from electronic records. Data were collected from six white-collar organizations from 2011 through 2013. Mixed Poisson regressions were used to analyze the influence of transformational leadership and change-supportive managerial activities on employee usage. Findings: As predicted, line managers’ change-supportive activities influenced the employees’ initial and sustained use of the system. Line managers’ transformational leadership had no direct effect on employees’ use of the system, however transformational leadership was indirectly associated with employees’ initial and sustained use of the system through line managers’ change-supportive activities. Originality/value: The study adds to the understanding of the role line managers’ play during the implementation of occupational health interventions. The findings suggest that the line managers’ change-supportive activities directed toward the intervention are important for employees’ initial and sustained use of the system. The influence of transformational leadership was indirect, suggesting that line managers may need to direct their leadership behaviors toward the intervention to facilitate implementation. © 2018, Emerald Publishing Limited.
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9.
  • von Thiele Schwarz, Ulrica, 1975-, et al. (författare)
  • Derailed or failed? : a closer look at reduced working hours as an occupational health intervention
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: Derailed Organizational Interventions for Stress and Well-Being. - Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands. - 9789401798679 - 9789401798662 ; , s. 21-26
  • Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • In the Nordic countries, working hour reductions have been introduced as a possible occupational health intervention. We evaluated the effects of a working hour reduction from 37 to 30 h a week among 100 employees within older people’s care. The outcome evaluation was broad, including health check-ups and extensive questionnaires covering work climate, work-home balance, health-related measures, well-being, and health behaviors. The results showed no improvements during the 1-year project period, which raises the question whether the results are due to failure in implementation or theory. This chapter asks what is needed for considering a failure as a theory failure, that is, a default program theory in that the activities fail to bring the desired effects. It is suggested that the case described here may be one such example. In order to facilitate the separation of theory failure from implementation failure, we underscore the importance of program theory, also called theory of change or logic models. By scrutinizing the program theory before implementing an intervention, a critical evaluation of the mechanisms linking the intervention to various outcomes can be made. Also, the program theory is helpful for forming testable hypothesis that allows variation in process factors to be tested. © 
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10.
  • von Thiele Schwarz, Ulrica, 1975-, et al. (författare)
  • Promoting Employee Health by Integrating Health Protection, Health Promotion, and Continuous Improvement : A Longitudinal Quasi-Experimental Intervention Study
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - : Lippincott Williams and Wilkins. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 57:2, s. 217-225
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • OBJECTIVE: To test the effects of integrating health protection and health promotion with a continuous improvement system (Kaizen) on proximal employee outcomes (health promotion, integration, and Kaizen) and distal outcomes (workability, productivity, self-rated health and self-rated sickness absence). METHODS: Twelve units in a county hospital in Sweden were randomized to control or intervention groups using a quasiexperimental study design. All staff (approximately 500) provided self-ratings in questionnaires at baseline, and a 12- and 24-month follow-up (response rate, 79% to 87.5%). RESULT: There was a significant increase in the proximal outcomes over time in the intervention group compared with the control group, and a trend toward improvement in the distal outcomes workability and productivity. CONCLUSIONS: Integration seems to promote staff engagement in health protection and promotion, as well as to improve their understanding of the link between work and health. 
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