| 1. |
- Hansson, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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“We passed the trust on” : Strategies for security in #MeToo activism in Sweden
- 2020
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Ingår i: ECSCW 2019 - Proceedings of the 17th European Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work. - : European Society for Socially Embedded Technologies (EUSSET). - 2510-2591.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The #metoo movement can serve as a case for how networked online environments can provide settings for the mobilization of social movements, while also entail serious risks for those involved. In Sweden, over hundred thousand people were engaged in activities against sexual harassments and abuse, where social media were used to collect testimonies and to draft and discuss petitions that were later published in print news media. While HCI research on trust focus on how people trust technical systems, the authorities behind the system, or the user generated data, trust between peers in vulnerable communities is less researched. In this study, based on semi-structured interviews and a survey that involved 62 organizers of the Swedish #metoo movement, we therefore look into the question of how a secure and supportive environment was achieved among participants despite the scale of the activism. The result shows how trust was aggregated over networks of technical systems, institutions, people, shared values and practices. The organizers of the petitions used tools and channels at their disposal such as e.g. already established social media contexts that enabled the #metoo petitions to be formed easily and spread quickly. Establishing a supportive culture based on recognition and shared values was central for the movement. However, when the activism was scaled up, strategies were used to increase security by clarifying rules and roles, limiting access to information, restricting access to groups, and limiting the scope of communication.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Payette, N., et al.
(författare)
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Social norms and cooperation in a collective-risk social dilemma : Comparing reinforcing learning and norm-based approaches
- 2020
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Ingår i: 29th IEEE International Conference on Robot and Human Interactive Communication, RO-MAN 2020. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.. - 9781728160757 ; , s. 1403-1406
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Human cooperation is both powerful and puzzling. Large-scale cooperation among genetically unrelated individuals makes humans unique with respect to all other animal species. Therefore, learning how cooperation emerges and persists is a key question for social scientists. Recently, scholars have recognized the importance of social norms as solutions to major local and large-scale collective action problems, from the management of water resources to the reduction of smoking in public places to the change in fertility practices. Yet a well-founded model of the effect of social norms on human cooperation is still lacking.We present here a version of the Experience-Weighted Attraction (EWA) reinforcement learning model that integrates norm-based considerations into its utility function that we call EWA+Norms. We compare the behaviour of this hybrid model to the standard EWA when applied to a collective risk social dilemma in which groups of individuals must reach a threshold level of cooperation to avoid the risk of catastrophe. We find that standard EWA is not sufficient for generating cooperation, but that EWA+Norms is. Next step is to compare simulation results with human behaviour in large-scale experiments.
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| 4. |
- Tobiasson, Helena, 1964-, et al.
(författare)
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Meeting Afoot–A Step Towards Transforming Work Practice by Design of Technical Support
- 2020
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Ingår i: Proceedings of DRS2020. - : Design Research Society. - 9781912294398 ; , s. 1492-1507
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Over the recent decades, a gradual shift towards less physically active and more sedentary work tasks and environments has taken place in many professions. Low levels of physical activity are now one of the major societal challenges due to its negative impact on health. We report a case study generating knowledge on how to support a change of work practise from low levels of physical activity to an increased level by combining and integrating and not separating work tasks from physical activity. This approach resulted in Meeting afoot – a system supporting walk meetings developed in close collaboration with participants and a cross-disciplinary team. The study share generated knowledge from two design iterations and user experience that can be valuable for the design research community aiming at similar approaches.
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| 5. |
- Andrighetto, Giulia, et al.
(författare)
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Cooperation, Response Time, and Social Value Orientation : A Meta-Analysis
- 2020
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Ingår i: Proc. Annu. Meet. Cogn. Sci. Soc.: Dev. Mind: Learn. Hum., Anim., Mach., CogSci. - : The Cognitive Science Society. ; , s. 2116-2122
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recent research at the cross between cognitive and social sciences is investigating the cognitive mechanisms behind cooperative decisions. One debated question is whether cooperative decisions are made faster than non-cooperative ones. Yet empirical evidence is still mixed. In this paper we explore the implications of individual heterogeneity in social value orientation for the effect of response time on cooperation. We conduct a meta-analysis of available experimental studies (n=8; treatments=16; 5,232 subjects). We report two main results: (i) the relation between response time and cooperation is moderated by social value orientation, such that it is positive for individualist subjects and negative for prosocial subjects; (ii) the relation between response time and cooperation is partly mediated by extremity of choice. These results suggest that highly prosocial subjects are fast to cooperate, highly individualist subjects are fast to defect, and subjects with weaker preferences make slower and less extreme decisions. We explain these results in terms of decision-conflict theory.
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| 6. |
- Centerholt, Victor, et al.
(författare)
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Value Chains vs. Ecosystems : Current Perspectives among Swedish SMEs Entering the Interconnected World of IoT
- 2020
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Ingår i: Advances in Transdisciplinary Engineering at SPS2020. - : IOS Press BV. - 9781614994398 ; , s. 489-500, s. 489-500
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Smart connected industrial products and the Internet of Things (IoT) are transforming the industrial business landscape in a radical way. To reach the full potential of IoT-Technologies manufacturing firms are forced to rethink almost every aspect of their value creation process. To utilize this promising digital technology and to cope with the new market conditions of IoT environments, research shows that industrial firms have to make a fundamental shift in value creation logic and break free from the value chain perspective of business. Instead they have to embrace a view where value is co-created within ecosystems in both a vertical and a horizontal manner. By exploring the value creation logic of small and medium sized (SME) Swedish industrial machinery manufacturers, this study contributes to a deeper understanding of how manufacturing firms view their value creation processes and how aligned this logic is to the latest research in IoT. The study found that Swedish industrial machine manufacturers do understand the transformative force of IoT-Technologies and see great business opportunities to utilize IoT in their business. The study, however, identified a lack of co-creation and difficulties in embracing an ecosystem perspective. While quick to embrace change on a technical level, respondents still adhere to a firm-centric and linear perspective of value creation, with a strong attachment to the value chain concept. The study suggests that it is not a lack of technical proficiency or engineering know-how, but rather an adherence to goods-dominant logic and attachment to the value chain concept that prevent Swedish SME manufacturers from fully embracing the growing market of industrial IoT. Hence, we see an urgent need for both practitioners and academia to shift their attention from the dazzling potential of cutting-edge technologies to the nitty-gritty business of incorporating co-creation and ecosystem-Thinking into current business practices. © 2020 The authors.
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| 7. |
- Crevani, Lucia, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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Matters of care when introducing technology : The case of remote monitoring at night by camera
- 2020
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Ingår i: <em>Gerontechnology, 19 (suppl)</em>. - : International Society for Gerontechnology (ISG).
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose Professional caregivers are asked to use various technological devices, which are expected to support them or even act in their place. From a theoretical perspective, care is more and more delegated to technologies1. Care practices are transformed by this relationship between humans and artifacts2. The purpose of the paper is to explore how the issues that emerge during the implementation of new technology are attended to by caregivers and what this means for developing care mediated by technology committed to older people’s quality of life. Method We study the process of introducing a camera for remote monitoring at night in older people’s houses (see figure 1) in a Swedish municipality by means of interviews and ethnographic observations. We analyze how this technology becomes part of care practices by following its implementation. Results In a previous paper3, we mobilized Latour’s concept of matter of concern4 for describing the need to foreground “complicated, engaging, diverse, fragile, and situated issues”3 (p 1) to be addressed, not concealed, when introducing technology for older people. With this paper, we advance the argument by following Puig de la Bellacasa in her move from matters of concern to matters of care. By focusing on the process of delegation of caring to the camera we show how it turned to be a matter of care for several caregivers as issues concerning its use emerged. The concept of care adds a stronger affective and ethical connotation5 (p 89) to the issues we focus on. It helps us to highlight that caregivers are not only affected by interacting with technologies at work. Caregivers are also strongly committed to ethically dealing with such issues in order to provide good care. We conclude by discussing how attending to matters of care can support developing care committed to enhancing older people’s quality of life.
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| 9. |
- Dalheim, M., et al.
(författare)
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Smart grid indicators for the Swedish regulatory authority for the implementation of the clean energy package
- 2020
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Ingår i: IET Conference Publications. - : Institution of Engineering and Technology. ; , s. 711-713
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Swedish Energy Markets Inspectorate (Ei) is an authority that is commissioned to strive for well-functioning energy markets. The EU directive 2019/944 contains requirements on the national regulatory authorities with respect to the system operators smart grid development that includes energy efficiency and the integration of distributed energy renewable. In addition, the member states should promote effective system operation. To assess smart grid development, it is important to identify indicators (both technical and economic) that objectively reflect the smart grid implementation in a Swedish context, that can be used in the regulatory context. This study contains the preliminary results of a feasibility study regarding smart grid indicators as a tool for assessment and supervision to reflect the smart grid development in Sweden.
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