| 1. |
- Lassi, Monica, et al.
(författare)
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Rapportering av projektet Forskares behov av lagringslösningar för forskningsdata – ett samarbete mellan SNIC, SND, SUNET, Chalmers tekniska högskola och Örebro universitet
- 2022
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Rapport (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Det svenska e-infrastrukturlandskapet är fragmenterat och trots rekommendationer från beslutsfattare så ökar fragmenteringen. De nationella aktörer som har uppdrag och/eller mandat som rör forskningsdata är främst SNIC, SND, och Sunet. Dessa aktörer tillhandahåller tjänster och stöd till forskare under olika delar av forskningsdatalivscykeln. På grund av de oklara mandat och uppdrag som råder nationellt, så finns förväntningar på de olika aktörerna som inte går att uppfylla. Ett exempel är lagring av forskningsdata, såväl aktiva som inaktiva. Svenska forskare är del av ett globalt forskarsamhälle, och tar därigenom del av en mängd internationella infrastrukturer, verktyg, och sammanhang. I och med den implementeringsfas som EOSC gått in i, så behöver svensk e-infrastruktur vara interoperabel med de internationellt tillgängliga tjänster som svenska forskare använder.Exakt vilka behov som finns hos svenska forskare, och vem som har ansvar för att svara upp mot behoven, är oklart i många frågor. Det infrastrukturella stöd som forskare behöver för att hantera forskningsdata under hela datalivscykeln, med välfungerande gränssnitt mellan nationella och internationella aktörers e-infrastrukturlösningar finns i vissa fall och är i andra fall fragmenterat. För att komma vidare i utvecklingen av sammanhållet stöd för forskare, formerades under 2021 ett nationellt samarbete inom verksamhetsarkitektur för forskningsdataområdet, med syfte att ta fram ett gemensamt bildspråk, visualisera ett mycket komplext område, och att konkretisera krav, villkor, juridiska ramverk, styrdokument etc. som påverkar forskningsdatahantering.Projektet som rapporteras här fokuserade på vad forskare behöver ha för att forskningsdata ska hanteras på ett högkvalitativt sätt och vilket infrastrukturellt stöd forskarna i detta. Projektet fokuserade på helheten i datahanteringen, vad som finns på plats på nationell nivå och vad som behöver åtgärdas. Angreppsättet var verksamhetsarkitekturellt, som med Vintergatan som metod. En grundkarta för forskningsdataområdet, framtagen inom ett tidigare verksamhetsarkitekturellt projekt på Lunds universitet, låg till grund för projektet.Denna rapport beskriver resultaten av ett projekt där ett verksamhetsarkitekturellt angreppssätt har använts för att förstå, utforska och beskriva forskares praktiker och behov av stöd i sitt arbete med forskningsdatahantering, och särskilt datalagring. Här beskriver vi rapporten för dig som läser, så att du kan välja de delar som du finner mest intressanta och relevanta för just dig, just nu. Vår ambition har varit att ta fram ett rikt material som kan leva vidare, byggas på, revideras, förkastas, byggas upp på nytt utifrån nya resultat, och så vidare.
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| 2. |
- Mikusinska, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Quantifying landscape change during the last two centuries in Bialowieza Primeval Forest
- 2013
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Ingår i: Applied Vegetation Science. - 1402-2001 .- 1654-109X. ; 16:2, s. 217-226
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- QuestionWhat changes in character and extent of land use have occurred during the last 200yr in the Biaowiea Primeval Forest (BPF)? Are the landscape transformations described from the multi-temporal analysis of historical maps coherent with vegetation changes expressed by the previous palynological analyses?LocationBiaowiea Primeval Forest, PolishBelarusian border. MethodsWe used five historical maps (from 1793 to 1936) and one digital land-use map (19992000) to quantify the landscape changes. Land-use types according to historical maps were digitized and georeferenced. The maps were then used for both comparing the extent of cover types in each time step and analysing the nature of change through transition matrices. The sequence of changes concerning the proportion of land-use types was then compared with classes of pollen, which were assumed to represent corresponding vegetation types. ResultsMost of the area (>70%) has been continuously covered with forest. In the period between 1793 and 1830, the forest declined, being the main donor to agricultural land and villages. In the 20th century, the trend was reversed. We found a significant correlation between the percentage of the main vegetation types derived from historical maps and the corresponding vegetation types, as indicated by pollen, with a mean time lag of 20yr. ConclusionThe BPF landscape has been quite stable throughout the last 200yr, mainly due to the high continuity of forest cover. The results obtained from landscape analysis based on maps are coherent with pollen data collected in the same area.
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| 3. |
- Hellberg, Ann-Sofie, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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Health care integration in practice : an institutionalized dilemma
- 2011
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Ingår i: Electronic government and the information systems perspective. - Berlin : Springer Berlin/Heidelberg. ; , s. 1-14
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Integration in health care is a normative goal, but the legal regulation of government operations across sectors is complex. Many values must be safeguarded and they are therefore legally protected. Interoperability can, however, create value conflicts and there is little empirical research into the constructive attempts to resolve such deep-rooted conflicts. This paper addresses this gap by an in-depth study of how values are institutionalized in laws and government organizations. Data was collected by means of participant observation and narrative interviews. The study showed that value conflicts constitute barriers to integration that were difficult to resolve. One major problem was that the necessary discussion about how the conflicts should be handled could not be held because there was no such arena. Different authorities were governed by different values that were deeply institutionalized; while services were to be integrated, the legal regulating bodies were not.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Forghani Targhi, Bita, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Protein and Long-Chain n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Recovered from Herring Brines upon Flocculation and Flotation─A Case Study
- 2023
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Ingår i: ACS Sustainable Chemistry and Engineering. - : American Chemical Society. - 2168-0485. ; 11:17, s. 6523-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A novel integrated process for recovery of protein-enriched biomasses from 5% presalting brines and spice brines of herring (Clupea harengus) was investigated by combining carrageenan- and/or acid-driven flocculation (F) plus dissolved air flotation (DAF). The F-DAF technique with carrageenan resulted in protein and lipid recoveries from 5% presalting brine of 78 and 38%, respectively. Without flocculation or with only acidification, protein and lipid recoveries in DAF were only 13 and 10%, respectively. Low protein and lipid recoveries, 8-12 and 1.8-8.2%, respectively, were also obtained when spice brine was subjected to only acidification and DAF. The protein content in dry biomasses from 5% presalting brine and spice brine was 36-43 and 13-16%, respectively. The corresponding lipid levels were 23-31 and 9-18%, respectively, with ash levels of 11-20 and 38-45%, respectively. Biomass proteins contained ≤45% essential amino acids, and the lipids had ≤16% long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Freeze-dried spice brine biomasses were characterized by anchovy- and spice-related sensory attributes. 5% presalting brine biomasses were connected to fish and seafood attributes and showed gel forming capacity. The outlined F-DAF recovery system can thus recover both nutrients and interesting flavors from the herring process waters, which are currently lost from the food chain. © 2023 The Authors.
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| 6. |
- Thomas, Ilias, et al.
(författare)
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The effect of continuous levodopa treatment during the afternoon hours
- 2019
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Ingår i: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0001-6314 .- 1600-0404. ; 139:1, s. 70-75
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The aim of this retrospective study was to investigate if patients with PD, who are treated with levodopa‐carbidopa intestinal gel (LCIG), clinically worsen during the afternoon hours and if so, to evaluate whether this occurs in all LCIG‐treated patients or in a sub‐group of patients.Methods: Three published studies were identified and included in the analysis. All studies provided individual response data assessed on the treatment response scale (TRS) and patients were treated with continuous LCIG. Ninety‐eight patients from the three studies fulfilled the criteria. T‐tests were performed to find differences on the TRS values between the morning and the afternoon hours, linear mixed effect models were fitted on the afternoon hours’ evaluations to find trends of wearing‐off, and patients were classified into three TRS categories (meaningful increase in TRS, meaningful decrease in TRS, non ‐meaningful increase or decrease).Results: In all three studies significant statistical differences were found between the morning TRS values and the afternoon TRS values (p‐value <= 0.001 in all studies). The linear mixed effect models had significant negative coefficients for time in two studies, and 48 out of 98 patients (49%) showed a meaningful decrease of TRS during the afternoon hours.Conclusion: The results from all studies were consistent, both in the proportion of patients in the three groups and the value of TRS decrease in the afternoon hours. Based on these findings there seems to be a group of patients with predictable “off” behavior in the later parts of the day.
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| 7. |
- Danielson, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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Public Decision Support - Using a DSS to Increase Democratic Transparency
- 2005
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Ingår i: International Journal of Public Information Systems. - Sundsvall : Mittuniversitetet. - 1653-4360. ; 1:1, s. 3-25
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present a case study in which a decision support method (ADL) was employed by a local government in order to guide and aid decisions on three complicated and politically infected issues which had remained unresolved for many years. The research inquiry was whether a well-defined and openly accessible method would aid a common understanding of the decision problems, and whether people would be able to accept a clearly motivated decision even if politically they preferred a different option. The ADL method has been used in several public sector projects ranging from very large purchasing decisions to the selection of national policies, but this test case was novel in that it involved close inspection by the public. This case was also devised as a test of new methods for potential inclusion into normal practices. The post-case analysis shows mixed understanding of and belief in the method. The results raise issues concerning both the potential for decision support methods in a political context and the nature of political decision making.
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| 8. |
- Kujala, Sari, et al.
(författare)
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Benchmarking usability of patient portals in Estonia, Finland, Norway, and Sweden
- 2024
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Ingår i: International Journal of Medical Informatics. - : Elsevier. - 1386-5056 .- 1872-8243. ; 181
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- INTRODUCTION: Poor usability is a barrier to widespread adoption of electronic health records (EHR). Providing good usability is especially challenging in the health care context, as there is a wide variety of patient users. Usability benchmarking is an approach for improving usability by evaluating and comparing the strength and weaknesses of systems. The main purpose of this study is to benchmark usability of patient portals across countries. METHODS: A mixed-methods survey approach was applied to benchmark the national patient portals offering patient access to EHR in Estonia, Finland, Norway, and Sweden. These Nordic countries have similar public healthcare systems, and they are pioneers in offering patients access to EHR for several years. In a survey of 29,334 patients, both patients' quantitative ratings of usability and their qualitative descriptions of very positive and very negative peak experiences of portal use were collected. RESULTS: The usability scores ranged from good to fair level of usability. The narratives of very positive and very negative experiences included the benefits of the patient portals and experienced usability issues. The regression analysis of results showed that very positive and negative experiences of patient portal use explain 19-35% of the variation of usability scores in the four countries. The percentage of patients who reported very positive or very negative experiences in each country was unrelated to the usability scores across countries. CONCLUSIONS: The survey approach could be used to evaluate usability with a wide variety of users and it supported learning from comparison across the countries. The combination of quantitative and qualitative data provided an approximation of the level of the perceived usability, and identified usability issues to be improved and useful features that patients appreciate. Further work is needed to improve the comparability of the varied samples across countries.
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| 9. |
- Mihnea, Mihaela, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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Impact of panelist's age on the ease of swallow and sensory perception of texture-modified broccoli purees
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of sensory studies. - : John Wiley and Sons Inc. - 0887-8250 .- 1745-459X. ; 37:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Swallowing disorders affect approximately 8% of the global population. It is more prevalent in the elderly, leading to malnutrition and dehydration. Different strategies have been investigated to design new texture-modified food products that would reduce or mitigate the suffering from these swallowing disorders. Despite the recent interest and research in this area, there are, however, still a lot of unknowns regarding the specific sensory insights by this targeted group. The aim of this work was to understand if the ease of swallow and related sensory characteristics are perceived differently by “young” and “elderly” healthy individuals. Broccoli purees with different textural properties were created by changing the fluid component (water or xanthan solution) or processing conditions. Samples were evaluated by an elderly panel (n = 19, average age = 68.9 years) and a young panel (n = 16, average age = 25.4 years). Multivariate data analysis strategies were used to understand the intrapanel sample discrimination and to compare between panels. Results showed a similar overall discrimination between samples between young and elderly panels. The use of xanthan improved the ease of swallow in both age groups. In the absence of xanthan gum, processing conditions determined the ease of swallow, which was related to the particle size distribution. Nevertheless, small differences were found between panels. For example, the elderly panel was more sensitive when discriminating samples based on the ease of swallow (p =.005). Therefore, panelist age seems to be relevant when designing tailored foods enhancing the ease of swallow for the elderly populations. Practical Applications: The present study highlights new insights on the relevance of age and sensory capabilities when designing new texture-modified food products. It also provides new insights regarding the key sensory attributes to consider and how these are affected by the type of food processing. © 2022 The Authors.
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| 10. |
- Bhatt, Mehul, Professor, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
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Cognitive Vision and Perception : Deep Semantics Integrating AI and Vision for Reasoning about Space, Motion, and Interaction
- 2020
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Ingår i: ECAI 2020. - : IOS Press. - 9781643681009 - 9781643681016 ; , s. 2881-2882
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Semantic interpretation of dynamic visuospatial imagery calls for a general and systematic integration of methods in knowledge representation and computer vision. Towards this, we highlight research articulating & developing deep semantics, characterised by the existence of declarative models –e.g., pertaining space and motion– and corresponding formalisation and reasoning methods sup- porting capabilities such as semantic question-answering, relational visuospatial learning, and (non-monotonic) visuospatial explanation. We position a working model for deep semantics by highlighting select recent / closely related works from IJCAI, AAAI, ILP, and ACS. We posit that human-centred, explainable visual sensemaking necessitates both high-level semantics and low-level visual computing, with the highlighted works providing a model for systematic, modular integration of diverse multifaceted techniques developed in AI, ML, and Computer Vision.
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