| 1. |
- Manhica, Hélio, et al.
(författare)
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Labour market participation among young refugees in Sweden and the potential of education : a national cohort study
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Youth Studies. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1367-6261 .- 1469-9680. ; 22:4, s. 533-550
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This register-based study examined the importance of education on labour market participation among young refugees in Sweden. The study population consisted of unaccompanied (n = 1606) and accompanied refuges (n = 4142), aged 23–26 years in 2006–2010, after 7 years of residence in Sweden. Native Swedish, aged 24 years (n = 347,255) constituted the comparison population, with intercountry adoptees (n = 6689) as an alternative reference group. Gender-stratified multinomial regression models indicated that unaccompanied and accompanied male and female young refugees had higher risks of being in insecure work force and NEET compared to native Swedes with comparable levels of education. However, young refugees and intercountry adoptees with primary education had similar risks of poor labour market outcomes. The educational differences within each group concerning the risk of being in insecure work force were comparable. With the exception of unaccompanied females, secondary education seemed to be less protective against being in NEET among young refugees compared to native Swedes and intercountry adoptees. We conclude that while young refugees face employment disadvantages, education has the potential of mitigating poor labour market outcomes in this group.
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| 2. |
- Andersson, Ann-Christine, et al.
(författare)
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Five Types of Practice-Based ImprovementIdeas in Health Care Services: An EmpiricallyDefined Typology
- 2011
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Ingår i: Quality Management in Health Care. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 1063-8628 .- 1550-5154. ; 20:2, s. 122-130
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study is to empirically identify and present different kinds of practice-based improvement ideas developed in health care services. The focus is on individual placement needs, problems/issues, and the ability to organize work on the development, implementation, and institutionalization of ideas for the health care sector. This study is based on a Swedish county council improvement program. Health care departments and primary health care centers in the Kalmar County Council were invited to apply for money to accomplish improvement projects. A qualitative content analysis was done of 183 proposed applications from various health care departments and primary health care centers. The following 5 types of improvement projects were identified: organizational process, evidence and quality, competence development, process technology, and proactive patient work. This illustrates the range of strategies that encourage letting individual units define their own improvement needs. These projects point to the various problems and experiences health care professionals encounter in their day-to-day work. To generalize beyond this improvement program and to validate the typology, we applied it to all articles found when searching for quality improvement projects in the journal Quality Management in Health Care during the last 2 years and found that all of them could be fitted into at least 1 of those 5 categories. This article provides valuable insights into the current state of improvemen work in Swedish health care, and will serve as a foundation for further investigations in this quality improvement program.
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| 3. |
- Langius-Eklöf, Ann, et al.
(författare)
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Sense of coherence and psychiatric morbidity in terms of anxiety and depression in patients with major depression before and after electric convulsive treatment
- 2009
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. - Oxford : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0283-9318 .- 1471-6712. ; 23:2, s. 375-379
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The specific aim of this study was to explore if the Sense of Coherence (SOC) Scale reflects and overlaps with standardized psychiatric assessments of depression and anxiety leading to the main hypothesis that the degree of depression decreases while the SOC scores remain stable. Fifteen patients with a diagnosis of major depression according to Axis I in DSM-IV and planned electric convulsive treatment (ECT) participated in the study. The clinician-rated instruments, Montgomery Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) and Global Assessment of Function (GAF), and the self-assessment instruments such as SOC and the Comprehensive Psychopathological Rating Scale-Self Rating Scale for Affective Syndromes (CPRS-S-A) were used before and after the treatment. The patients showed statistically significant improvements in clinician-rated depression (p < 0.001) and functional status (p < 0.001), and in self-rated anxiety (p = 0.001) and depression (p = 0.003). There was no significant improvement in SOC (p = 0.213). No significant correlations were found between the SOC scores and any of the measures except for GAF after treatment (r = 0.57, p = 0.039); the lower the SOC scores the greater was the functional dysfunction. In conclusion, the SOC Scale seems not to be a measure of psychopathology in terms of depression or anxiety merely.
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| 4. |
- Lindberg, Viveca, 1954-, et al.
(författare)
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Literacy as part of professional knowing in a Swedish dental education
- 2021
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Ingår i: BMC Medical Education. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1472-6920. ; 21:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Academic reading and writing are seen as self-evident literacy competences in most contemporary higher educations, however, whether students also are introduced to professional literacy of relevance for dentistry during their education is a question. The purpose of this study is to analyze one of the Swedish dental programmes, with respect to its design, in relation to possible content of relevance for academic and professional literacy. Secondarily, to identify and analyze Swedish dental students’ writing in an academic setting, i.e. what these students are expected to read and write, and how they write.Methods: Data, for this ethnographically inspired case-study, was produced by observations and audio-recordings of lectures, copies of teachers’ handouts and of volunteering students’ notes, and a multiple-choice-test. Dataanalysis was made in five steps, starting with macro-level data, i.e. curriculum and syllabuses, followed by the syllabuses for the two observed modules, the teacher-provided material, analysis of the students’ notes, while in the fifth and final step, the results from the previous steps were compared, to find patterns of what students were expected to read and write, and what in the teacher-provided multimodal material that was emphasized in teachers’ talk.Results: This study showed that students were engaged in several types of literacy events, such as reading, finding and watching videos on their learning platform, writing, and following instructions. The study also showed that there is a recurrent academic content comprised of anatomy, physiology and pathology, while the professional content comprised of patient communication and anamnesis. Further, an integrated content was found and was initiated in teacher-constructed PowerPoints and by student-questions. Note-taking patterns varied between individual students, but the general pattern for this group of students were the use of complementary notes. This type of note-taking was used to make available further descriptions of the teacher-constructed text in PowerPoints, but also an independent text describing pictures shown on teachers’ PowerPoints or the blackboard.Conclusion: Findings from the present study reveal that students either copy text from teachers’ PowerPoint-slides, re-formulate text from teachers’ PowerPoint-slides, or write complementing text to teachers’ PowerPoint-slides. Further, the students individually choses type of note-taking based on situation. The study also revealed that the academic literacy – in the two modules during the fifth and sixth semesters of a dental education analyzed – mainly has a professional basis for reading, writing, and communication purposes. The study also showed that academic and professional literacy are closely connected through recurrent integration.
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| 5. |
- Tinghög, Petter, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Immigrant‐ and non‐immigrant‐specific factors’ association with mental ill health among immigrants in Sweden
- 2010
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Ingår i: International Journal of Social Psychiatry. - : SAGE Publications. - 0020-7640 .- 1741-2854. ; 56:1, s. 74-93
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: It has often been shown that immigrants are particularly at risk for mental ill health. The aim of the study was to investigate the association of immigrant‐ and non‐immigrant‐specific factors with mental ill health, within a diverse immigrant population. Method: An extensive questionnaire was sent out to a stratified random sample of three immigrant populations from Finland, Iraq and Iran. The 720 respondents completed a Swedish, Arabic or Persian version of the questionnaire including the WHO (ten) wellbeing index and the HSCL‐25. Results: The results indicate that mental ill health among immigrants is independently associated with non‐immigrant‐specific factors (i.e. a high number of types of traumatic episodes, divorced or widow/widower, a poor social network, economic insecurity and being a woman) and immigrant‐specific factors (i.e. a low level of socio‐cultural adaptation). These results were obtained regardless of whether mental ill health was operationalised as low subjective wellbeing or a high symptom level of anxiety/depression. Conclusions: These findings support the notion that mental ill health among immigrants is a multi‐faceted phenomenon that needs to be tackled within a wide range of sectors − e.g. the health care system, the social service sector and of course the political arena.
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| 6. |
- Tinghög, Petter, et al.
(författare)
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To what extent may the association between immigrant status and mental illness be explained by socioeconomic factors?
- 2007
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Ingår i: Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0933-7954 .- 1433-9285. ; 42:12, s. 990-996
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Immigrants in Sweden have a higher rate of mental illness than the native Swedes. This study investigated to what extent the association between immigrant status and mental illness can be explained by a different distribution of known risk factors for impaired mental health between groups of immigrants and persons born in Sweden. Methods The study is based on data from the Swedish PART-study, designed to identify risk factors for, and social consequences of, mental illness. The study population consists of a random sample of 10,423 Swedish citizens, whereof 1,109 were immigrants. The data was collected in the year 2000. The immigrants were divided into three groups based on country of origin (Scandinavians born outside Sweden, Europeans born outside Scandinavia, non-Europeans). The occurrence of mental illness among immigrants and native Swedes were compared not adjusting and adjusting for indicators of socioeconomic advantage/disadvantage (education, income, labour market position, etc). Mental illness was approximated with the WHO (ten) wellbeing index scale and depressive symptoms were measured with the major depression inventory scale (MDI). Results Immigrants’ excess risk for low subjective wellbeing was completely accounted for by adjustment for known risk factors in all the immigrant groups. However, social-economic disadvantages could not account for the non-European immigrants’ higher prevalence of depression (MDI), although the increased relative risk found in univariate analyses was substantially reduced. Conclusions The findings in this study suggest that the association between immigrant status and mental illness appears above all to be an effect of a higher prevalence of social and economic disadvantage.
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| 7. |
- Wettergren, Lena, et al.
(författare)
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Quality of life before and one year following stem cell transplantation using an individualized and a standardized instrument
- 2008
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Ingår i: Psycho-Oncology. - New York, N.Y. : Wiley. - 1057-9249 .- 1099-1611. ; 17:4, s. 338-346
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The aim was to prospectively measure quality of fife in patients with malignant blood disorders following stem cell transplantation (SCT) using an individualized and a standardized measure. Methods: Twenty-two consecutive patients were assessed before and one year following SCT, using a generic and disease-related version of the Schedule for the Evaluation of Individual Quality of Life-Direct Weighting (SEIQoL-DW) and the EORTC QLQ-C30. Results of the QLQ-C30 were compared with Swedish norm values. Results: A majority of the patients reported concerns related to health before as well as one year after SCT, recorded by both instruments. Mean scores produced by the SEIQoL-DW, and four scales of the EORTC QLQ-C30, showed a change over time, indicating improved quality of life one year after SCT. In comparison with Swedish norm values for the EORTC QLQ-C30, SCT recipients reported a worse functioning. Conclusions: In addition to well-known disease and treatment-related problems, areas not typically included in standardized instruments were nominated in the disease-related SEIQoL-DW. Such areas included positive aspects, e.g. a changed view of fife and oneself. The results support the use of the generic and disease-related SEIQoL-DW to achieve a comprehensive picture of patient's clinical situation under treatment or when recovering from illness.
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| 8. |
- Petersson, Lena-Marie, et al.
(författare)
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Sickness absence following breast cancer surgery : a two-year follow-up cohort study
- 2018
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. - : Wiley. - 0283-9318 .- 1471-6712. ; 32:2, s. 715-724
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Rationale and aimMost women of working ages with limited breast cancer (BC) have returned to work within the first year after diagnosis. However, little is known about what is happening during this year regarding sickness absence and return to work. Also, the knowledge is very limited about the occurrence of part‐time sickness absence after BC diagnosis. Therefore, the aim of this study was to describe occurrence, extent and length of SA during a two‐year follow‐up after BC surgery and to analyse the association between being SA and type of cancer treatment.MethodsIn this prospective cohort study, 497 women responded to questionnaires about different aspects of sickness absence at six occasions during two years after primary BC surgery (at baseline and after 4, 8, 12, 18 and 24 months). Treatment information was obtained from the National breast cancer register. Multinomial logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios (OR) for likelihood of being sickness absent more than once.ResultsTwo‐thirds of the women were sickness absent at baseline; this proportion decreased, especially during the first eight months. At 24 months, 13% were sickness absent. Of all women, 27% never reported sickness absence and 14% were sickness absent at most of the six survey times. At eight months, many had shifted from full‐ to part‐time sickness absence. Women with chemotherapy and/or advanced BC surgery had higher ORs for being sickness absent at most of the follow‐ups.ConclusionsMost women returned to work within the first eight months after BC surgery and of those sickness absent after that, most had been part‐time sickness absent. Thus, it is important to differentiate between part‐ and full‐time sickness absence in future studies. Special attention should be paid to the impact of chemotherapy and type of surgery on the likelihood of being sickness absent.
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| 9. |
- Amin, Ridwanul, et al.
(författare)
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Suicide attempt and suicide in refugees in Sweden - a nationwide population-based cohort study
- 2021
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Ingår i: Psychological Medicine. - : Cambridge University Press. - 0033-2917 .- 1469-8978. ; 51:2, s. 254-263
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Despite a reported high rate of mental disorders in refugees, scientific knowledge on their risk of suicide attempt and suicide is scarce. We aimed to investigate (1) the risk of suicide attempt and suicide in refugees in Sweden, according to their country of birth, compared with Swedish-born individuals and (2) to what extent time period effects, socio-demographics, labour market marginalisation (LMM) and morbidity explain these associations.METHODS: Three cohorts comprising the entire population of Sweden, 16-64 years at 31 December 1999, 2004 and 2009 (around 5 million each, of which 3.3-5.0% refugees), were followed for 4 years each through register linkage. Additionally, the 2004 cohort was followed for 9 years, to allow analyses by refugees' country of birth. Crude and multivariate hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were computed. The multivariate models were adjusted for socio-demographic, LMM and morbidity factors.RESULTS: In multivariate analyses, HRs regarding suicide attempt and suicide in refugees, compared with Swedish-born, ranged from 0.38-1.25 and 0.16-1.20 according to country of birth, respectively. Results were either non-significant or showed lower risks for refugees. Exceptions were refugees from Iran (HR 1.25; 95% CI 1.14-1.41) for suicide attempt. The risk for suicide attempt in refugees compared with the Swedish-born diminished slightly across time periods.CONCLUSIONS: Refugees seem to be protected from suicide attempt and suicide relative to Swedish-born, which calls for more studies to disentangle underlying risk and protective factors.
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| 10. |
- Anderberg, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Analyzing nursing students’ relation to electronic health and technology as individuals and students and in their future career (the ENURSED study) : Protocol for a longitudinal study
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Medical Internet Research. - : Journal of Medical Internet Research. - 1438-8871. ; 21:10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The nursing profession has undergone several changes in the past decades, and new challenges are to come in the future; patients are now cared for in their home, hospitals are more specialized, and primary care will have a key role. Health informatics is essential in all core competencies in nursing. From an educational perspective, it is of great importance that students are prepared for the new demands and needs of the patients. From a societal point of view, the society, health care included, is facing several challenges related to technological developments and digitization. Preparation for the next decade of nursing education and practice must be done, without the advantage of certainty. A training for not-yet-existing technologies where educators should not be limited by present practice paradigms is desirable. This study presents the design, method, and protocol for a study that investigates undergraduate nursing students’ internet use, knowledge about electronic health (eHealth), and attitudes to technology and how experiences of eHealth are handled during the education in a multicenter study. Objective: The primary aim of this research project is to describe the design of a longitudinal study and a qualitative substudy consisting of the following aspects that explore students’ knowledge about and relation to technology and eHealth: (1) what pre-existing knowledge and interest of this area the nursing students have and (2) how (and if) is it present in their education, (3) how do the students perceive this knowledge in their future career role, and (4) to what extent is the education capable of managing this knowledge? Methods: The study consists of two parts: a longitudinal study and a qualitative substudy. Students from the BSc in Nursing program from the Blekinge Institute of Technology, Karlskrona, Sweden, and from the Swedish Red Cross University College, Stockholm/Huddinge, Sweden, were included in this study. Results: The study is ongoing. Data analysis is currently underway, and the first results are expected to be published in 2019. Conclusions: This study presents the design of a longitudinal study and a qualitative substudy. The eHealth in Nursing Education eNursEd study will answer several important questions about nursing students’ attitudes toward and use of information and communications technology in their private life, their education, and their emerging profession. Knowledge from this study will be used to compare different nursing programs and students’ knowledge about and relation to technology and eHealth. Results will also be communicated back to nursing educators to improve the teaching of eHealth, health informatics, and technology. ©Peter Anderberg, Gunilla Björling, Louise Stjernberg, Doris Bohman.
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