| 1. |
- Petersson, Lena-Marie, et al.
(författare)
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Sickness absence following breast cancer surgery : a two-year follow-up cohort study
- 2018
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. - : Wiley. - 0283-9318 .- 1471-6712. ; 32:2, s. 715-724
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Rationale and aimMost women of working ages with limited breast cancer (BC) have returned to work within the first year after diagnosis. However, little is known about what is happening during this year regarding sickness absence and return to work. Also, the knowledge is very limited about the occurrence of part‐time sickness absence after BC diagnosis. Therefore, the aim of this study was to describe occurrence, extent and length of SA during a two‐year follow‐up after BC surgery and to analyse the association between being SA and type of cancer treatment.MethodsIn this prospective cohort study, 497 women responded to questionnaires about different aspects of sickness absence at six occasions during two years after primary BC surgery (at baseline and after 4, 8, 12, 18 and 24 months). Treatment information was obtained from the National breast cancer register. Multinomial logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios (OR) for likelihood of being sickness absent more than once.ResultsTwo‐thirds of the women were sickness absent at baseline; this proportion decreased, especially during the first eight months. At 24 months, 13% were sickness absent. Of all women, 27% never reported sickness absence and 14% were sickness absent at most of the six survey times. At eight months, many had shifted from full‐ to part‐time sickness absence. Women with chemotherapy and/or advanced BC surgery had higher ORs for being sickness absent at most of the follow‐ups.ConclusionsMost women returned to work within the first eight months after BC surgery and of those sickness absent after that, most had been part‐time sickness absent. Thus, it is important to differentiate between part‐ and full‐time sickness absence in future studies. Special attention should be paid to the impact of chemotherapy and type of surgery on the likelihood of being sickness absent.
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| 2. |
- Eriksson, Catrin, et al.
(författare)
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Quality of websites about long-acting reversible contraception : a descriptive cross-sectional study
- 2019
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Ingår i: Reproductive Health. - : BioMed Central. - 1742-4755 .- 1742-4755. ; 16:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Today, there are various short- and long-acting contraceptive alternatives available for those who wish to prevent unintended pregnancy. Long-acting reversible contraception are considered effective methods with a high user satisfaction. High-quality information about contraception is essential in order to empower individuals to reach informed decisions based on sufficient knowledge. Use of the Web for information about contraception is widespread, and there is a risk that those who use it for this purpose could come in contact with sources of low quality.OBJECTIVE: The overarching aim was to investigate the quality of websites about long-acting reversible contraception.METHODS: Swedish client-oriented websites were identified through searches in Google (n = 46 included websites). Reliability and information about long-acting reversible contraceptive choices were assessed by two assessors with the DISCERN instrument, transparency was analyzed with the Journal of the American Medical Association benchmarks, completeness was assessed with inductive content analysis and readability was analyzed with Readability Index.RESULTS: The mean DISCERN was 44.1/80 (SD 7.7) for total score, 19.7/40 (SD 3.7) for reliability, 22.1/35 (SD 4.1) for information about long-acting reversible contraceptive choices, and 2.3/5 (SD 1.1) for overall quality. A majority of the included websites had low quality with regard to what sources were used to compile the information (n = 41/46, 89%), when the information was produced (n = 40/46, 87%), and if it provided additional sources of support and information (n = 30/46, 65%). Less than half of the websites adhered to any of the JAMA benchmarks. We identified 23 categories of comprehensiveness. The most frequent was contraceptive mechanism (n = 39/46, 85%) and the least frequent was when contraception may be initiated following an abortion (n = 3/46, 7%). The mean Readability Index was 42.5 (SD 6.3, Range 29-55) indicating moderate to difficult readability levels, corresponding to a grade level of 9.CONCLUSIONS: The quality of client-oriented websites about long-acting reversible contraception is poor. There is an undeniable need to support and guide laypersons that intend to use web-based sources about contraceptive alternatives, so that they may reach informed decisions based on sufficient knowledge.
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| 3. |
- Georgsson, Susanne, et al.
(författare)
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Pain and pain management during induced abortions : A web-based exploratory study of recollections from previous patients
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Advanced Nursing. - : Wiley. - 0309-2402 .- 1365-2648. ; 75:11, s. 3006-3017
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIMS:To explore recollections of pain and pain management during induced abortions.DESIGN:Mixed-methods exploratory study in Sweden.METHODS:A web-based survey was distributed between October 2017 - July 2018 via Swedish discussion boards and social media. Open-ended questions were asked about recollection of pain and pain management, followed by self-reported ratings. The survey was answered by 185 participants, responses were analysed with qualitative content analysis.FINDINGS:Recollections of pain intensity illustrated considerable pain and a traumatic event, described in temporal aspects and likened to other painful conditions such as dysmenorrhoea and childbirth. Recollections of pain management illustrated experiences of insufficient treatment of pain and dissatisfaction with pain management, including inefficient treatment and lack of professional attendance. Psychological aspects and consequences illustrated that participants related psychological distress to physical pain, felt unprepared for the physical pain and emphasized the importance of psychological support. Those who experienced intense pain described long-term psychological consequences, including fear of childbirth.CONCLUSION:Physical pain and psychological distress can manifest as considerable challenges during induced abortion. Abortion-related pain is a multidimensional phenomenon involving physical and psychological components that needs to be rigorously treated. When physical pain is unsuccessfully treated, women may experience long-term psychological consequences after an abortion.IMPACT:The results illustrate the importance of holistic abortion care where the multidimensional components of abortion-related pain are considered. Patients need to be offered sufficient preparatory information about potential physical pain and psychological distress. This study indicates that there is room for improvement in pain management. Larger studies are needed.
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| 4. |
- Hansson, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Impact of changes in life circumstances on subjective well-being in an adult population over a 3-year period
- 2008
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Ingår i: Public Health. - : Elsevier BV. - 0033-3506 .- 1476-5616. ; 122:12, s. 1392-1398
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES:Mental health problems are a major issue worldwide, and there is a need to further explore factors that may increase or decrease people's subjective well-being (SWB). The main aim of the present study was to extend knowledge concerning changes in cohabitation, social support or financial situation and their influence on SWB, after controlling for personality (i.e. neuroticism), in a 3-year follow-up of an adult population-based sample. The change in overall well-being was also studied during the 3- year interval.STUDY DESIGN:Longitudinal design.METHODS:A random sample of Swedish citizens, aged 20-64 years, residing in Stockholm County received a questionnaire by post, comprising items pertaining to demographics, personality, social support and SWB. All the respondents received a second questionnaire 3 years later. In total, 8324 subjects were included in the present study.RESULTS:The overall well-being of the study sample was relatively stable. Separate analyses of the three life circumstances indicated that, after controlling for personality, positive and negative changes in each sphere of life still affected SWB.CONCLUSIONS:Despite personality and the stability of SWB, these results indicate that changes in financial situation, social support and cohabitation influence SWB. It is important for society and the healthcare services to be aware that a negative change in any of these life circumstances may lead to decreased well-being for a period of at least 3 years.
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| 5. |
- Kalén, Susanne, et al.
(författare)
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Medical students' experiences of their own professional development during three clinical terms : a prospective follow-up study.
- 2017
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Ingår i: BMC Medical Education. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1472-6920. ; 17:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: A modern competency-based medical education is well implemented globally, but less is known about how the included learning activities contribute to medical students' professional development. The aim of this study was to explore Swedish medical students' perceptions of the offered learning activities and their experiences of how these activities were connected to their professional development as defined by the CanMEDS framework.METHODS: A prospective mixed method questionnaire study during three terms (internal medicine, scientific project, and surgery) in which data were collected by using contextual activity sampling system, i.e., the students were sent a questionnaire via their mobile phones every third week. All 136 medical students in the 6th of 11 terms in the autumn of 2012 were invited to participate. Seventy-four students (54%) filled in all of the required questionnaires (4 per term) for inclusion, the total number of questionnaires being 1335. The questionnaires focused on the students' experiences of learning activities, especially in relation to the CanMEDS Roles, collaboration with others and emotions (positive, negative, optimal experiences, i.e., "flow") related to the studies. The quantitative data was analysed statistically and, for the open-ended questions, manifest inductive content analysis was used.RESULTS: Three of the CanMEDs Roles, Medical Expert, Scholar, and Communicator, were most frequently reported while the four others, e.g., the role Health Advocate, were less common. Collaboration with students from other professions was most usual during the 8th term. Positive emotions and experience of "flow" were most often reported during clinical learning activities while the scientific project term was connected with more negative emotions.CONCLUSIONS: Our results showed that it is possible, even during clinical courses, to visualise the different areas of professional competence defined in the curriculum and connect these competences to the actual learning activities. Students halfway through their medical education considered the most important learning activities for their professional development to be connected with the Roles of Medical Expert, Scholar, and Communicator. Given that each of the CanMEDS Roles is at least moderately important during undergraduate medical education, the entire spectrum of the Roles should be emphasised and developed during the clinical years.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Lachmann, Hanna, et al.
(författare)
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Promoting reflection by using contextual activity sampling : a study on students' interprofessional learning
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Interprofessional Care. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1356-1820 .- 1469-9567. ; 28:5, s. 400-406
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract Students' engagement and reflection on learning activities are important during interprofessional clinical practice. The contextual activity sampling system (CASS) is a methodology designed for collecting data on experiences of ongoing activities by frequent distribution of questionnaires via mobile phones. The aim of this study was to investigate if the use of the CASS methodology affected students' experiences of their learning activities, readiness for interprofessional learning, academic emotions and experiences of interprofessional team collaboration. Student teams, consisting of 33 students in total from four different healthcare programs, were randomized into an intervention group that used CASS or into a control group that did not use CASS. Both quantitative (questionnaires) and qualitative (interviews) data were collected. The results showed that students in the intervention group rated teamwork and collaboration significantly higher after than before the course, which was not the case in the control group. On the other hand, the control group reported experiencing more stress than the intervention group. The qualitative data showed that CASS seemed to support reflection and also have a positive impact on students' experiences of ongoing learning activities and interprofessional collaboration. In conclusion, the CASS methodology provides support for students in their understanding of interprofessional teamwork.
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| 8. |
- Lauffs, Monica, et al.
(författare)
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Cross-cultural adaptation of the Swedish version of Readiness for Interprofessional Learning Scale (RIPLS)
- 2008
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Ingår i: Medical Education. - : Wiley. - 0308-0110 .- 1365-2923. ; 42:4, s. 405-411
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Context Interprofessional learning activities in health care are being gradually introduced on an international basis and therefore cross-cultural and internationally collaborative research into the outcomes of these activities is needed. Hence, it is necessary not only to translate research instruments into the language of the culture in which they are to be used, but also to adapt them culturally if they are to fulfil the testing purposes for which they are intended. It is also necessary to test a translated instrument in order to ensure that it retains its intended psychometric properties.Methods In the present study, the Readiness for Interprofessional Learning Scale (RIPLS) was adapted for use in a Swedish student population. Cross-cultural adaptation was performed according to recommended guidelines. The Swedish version was tested on a group of students from various health care professions (n = 214). Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was adopted to ensure internal consistency.Results Minor discrepancies during the different translation processes were identified and corrected. Confirmatory factor analysis suggests that the model had an acceptable fit, implying that the factor structure of the scale did not undergo any significant changes by being subjected to translation. The psychometric qualities of the instrument were comparable with those of the English-language version.Conclusions This study presents the cross-cultural adaptation of the RIPLS and demonstrates that its subscale Teamwork and Collaboration is the only reliable subscale. The other 2 subscales (Professional Identity, and Roles and Responsibilities) probably require further scrutiny and development, at least in the Swedish population.
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| 9. |
- Lundh, Lars-Gunnar, et al.
(författare)
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The role of personal standards in clinically significant perfectionism : a person-oriented approach to the study of patterns of perfectionism
- 2008
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Ingår i: Cognitive Therapy and Research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0147-5916 .- 1573-2819. ; 32:3, s. 333-50
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Clinically significant perfectionism is defined as patterns of perfectionism which are over-represented in clinical samples and under-represented in non-clinical samples. The present study contrasted two hypotheses about what characterizes clinically significant perfectionism: the two-factor theory and perfectionism/acceptance theory. First, a person-oriented approach by means of cluster analysis was used to identify typical patterns of perfectionism. These clusters were then cross-tabulated with two clinical samples (patients with social phobia and patients with panic disorder) and a non-clinical sample. The results showed that patterns of clinically significant perfectionism combined high Concern over Mistakes (CM) and Doubts about Action (DA) with high Personal Standards (PS) (and to a lesser extent also high Organization)--which is consistent with perfectionism/acceptance theory, but at odds with the two factor theory. The results illustrate the value of a person-oriented methodological approach as a complement to the traditional variable-oriented approach.
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| 10. |
- Nilsson, Jan, 1963-, et al.
(författare)
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Development and validation of a new tool measuring nurses self-reported professional competence — The nurse professional competence (NPC) Scale
- 2014
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Ingår i: Nurse Education Today. - Midlothian, Scotland : Elsevier BV. - 0260-6917 .- 1532-2793. ; 34:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: To develop and validate a new tool intended for measuring self-reported professional competence among both nurse students prior to graduation and among practicing nurses. The new tool is based on formal competence requirements from the Swedish Board of Health and Welfare, which in turn are based on WHO guidelines. Design: A methodological study including construction of a new scale and evaluation of its psychometric properties. Participants and settings: 1086 newly graduated nurse students from 11 universities/university colleges. Results: The analyses resulted in a scale named the NPC (Nurse Professional Competence) Scale, consisting of 88 items and covering eight factors: “Nursing care”, “Value-based nursing care”, “Medical/technical care”, “Teaching/ learning and support”, “Documentation and information technology”, “Legislation in nursing and safety planning”, “Leadership in and development of nursing care” and “Education and supervision of staff/students”. All factors achieved Cronbach's alpha values greater than 0.70. A second-order exploratory analysis resulted in two main themes: “Patient-related nursing” and “Nursing care organisation and development”. In addition, evidence of known-group validity for the NPC Scale was obtained.
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