| 1. |
- Andersson, Gunnar, et al.
(författare)
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Life-table representations of family dynamics in the 21st century
- 2017
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Ingår i: Demographic Research. - 1435-9871. ; 37, s. 1081-1229
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND A key resource for cross-national comparative research on family dynamics (Andersson and Philipov 2002) is seriously outdated. OBJECTIVE AND METHODS We provide an update of the life-table estimates by Andersson and Philipov (2002) based on data from the Generations and Gender Surveys and other related surveys in 18 countries across Europe and the United States. RESULTS Life-table estimates of family formation of women and men, union dynamics, and children's experience of family disruption and family formation demonstrate the degree of variation in family dynamics across countries. CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide the basis for more in-depth research on the causes and consequences of differences in family dynamics across contexts. CONTRIBUTION The Appendix of the current manuscript is a new resource for comparative research on family dynamics in the early 21st century.
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| 2. |
- Ljung, Rickard, et al.
(författare)
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Socio-Demographic and Geographical Factors in Esophageal and Gastric Cancer Mortality in Sweden
- 2013
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 8:4, s. e62067-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundSocio-demographic factors and area of residence might influence the development of esophageal and gastric cancer. Large-scale population-based research can determine the role of such factors.MethodsThis population-based cohort study included all Swedish residents aged 30–84 years in 1990–2007. Educational level, marital status, place of birth, and place of residence were evaluated with regard to mortality from esophageal or gastric cancer. Cox regression yielded hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI), adjusted for potential confounding.ResultsAmong 84 920 565 person-years, 5125 and 12 230 deaths occurred from esophageal cancer and gastric cancer, respectively. Higher educational level decreased the HR of esophageal cancer (HR = 0.61, 95%CI 0.42–0.90 in women, HR = 0.71, 95%CI 0.60–0.84 in men) and gastric cancer (HR = 0.80, 95%CI 0.63–1.03 in women, HR = 0.73, 95%CI 0.64–0.83 in men). Being unmarried increased HR of esophageal cancer (HR = 1.64, 95%CI 1.35–1.99 in women, HR = 1.64, 95%CI 1.50–1.80 in men), but not of gastric cancer. Being born in low density populated areas increased HR of gastric cancer (HR = 1.23, 95%CI 1.10–1.38 in women, HR = 1.37, 95%CI 1.25–1.50 in men), while no strong association was found with esophageal cancer. Living in densely populated areas increased HR of esophageal cancer (HR = 1.31, 95%CI 1.14–1.50 in women, HR = 1.40, 95%CI 1.29–1.51 in men), but not of gastric cancer.ConclusionThese socio-demographic inequalities in cancer mortality warrant efforts to investigate possible preventable mechanisms and to promote and support healthier lifestyles among deprived groups.
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| 3. |
- Neyer, Gerda, 1952-, et al.
(författare)
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Education and Childlessness : The Influence of Educational Field and Educational Level on Childlessness among Swedish and Austrian Women
- 2017
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Ingår i: Childlessness in Europe. - Cham : Springer. - 9783319446653 - 9783319446677 ; , s. 183-207
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article deals with the question of how different institutional structures affect ultimate levels of childlessness. We compare rates of childlessness by educational field and educational level among women born in 1955–1959 in two different welfare states: Austria and Sweden. We find similar patterns of childlessness by educational field in both countries: i.e., women who have been educated to work in the education or health sector have lower rates of childlessness than women who have been educated to work in most other occupational fields. However, rates of childlessness by educational level differ markedly between the two countries: Austrian women with upper-secondary or tertiary education are significantly more likely to be childless than Swedish women with comparable levels of education and Austrian women with lower levels of education. We attribute these differences to the educational systems, the labour market structures, and the family policies of the two countries; which in Sweden promote equality across educational groups, and in Austria create cleavages between educational groups. We conclude with reflections on the implications of our results for demographic research on education and fertility.
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| 4. |
- Ohlsson-Wijk, Sofi, et al.
(författare)
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Family Forerunners? An Overview of Family Demographic Change in Sweden
- 2020
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Ingår i: International Handbook on the Demography of Marriage and the Family. - Cham : Springer Nature. - 9783030350772 - 9783030350796 ; , s. 65-77
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The last half a century has witnessed swift changes in patterns of family formation and family dissolution in developed countries, followed by increased attention to these changes and to the causes and consequences of such change. In the wake of these developments, the field of family demography has developed in new directions. In the European context, Sweden and the other Nordic countries have frequently been referred to as forerunners in many aspects of family change, and these countries have gained much attention in family-demographic research. In the current contribution, we give an overview of the current state of Swedish family-demographic affairs.
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| 5. |
- Lagergren, Jesper, et al.
(författare)
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Marital status, education, and income in relation to the risk of esophaegal and gastric cancer by histological type and site
- 2016
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Ingår i: Cancer. - Stockholm : Wiley. - 0008-543X .- 1097-0142. ; 122:2, s. 207-212
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUNDMarital status, income, and education might influence the risk of esophageal and gastric cancer, but the literature is limited. A large study addressing subtypes of these tumors was used to clarify these associations.METHODSA nationwide, Swedish population–based cohort study from 1991 to 2010 included individuals who were 50 years old or older. Data on exposures, covariates, and outcomes were obtained from well-maintained registers. Four esophagogastric tumor subtypes were analyzed in combination and separately: esophageal adenocarcinoma, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, cardia adenocarcinoma, and noncardia gastric adenocarcinoma. Poisson regression was used to estimate incidence rate ratios (IRRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Analyses were stratified by sex and adjusted for confounders.RESULTSAmong 4,734,227 participants (60,634,007 person-years), 24,095 developed esophageal or gastric cancer. In comparison with individuals in a long marriage, increased IRRs were found among participants who were in a shorter marriage or were never married, remarried, divorced, or widowed. These associations were indicated for each tumor subtype but were generally stronger for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Higher education and income were associated with decreased IRRs in a seemingly dose-response manner and similarly for each subtype. In comparison with the completion of only primary school, higher tertiary education rendered an IRR of 0.64 (95% CI, 0.60-0.69) for men and an IRR of 0.68 (95% CI, 0.61-0.75) for women. Comparing participants in the highest and lowest income brackets (highest 20% vs lowest 20%) revealed an IRR of 0.74 (95% CI, 0.70-0.79) for men and an IRR of 0.83 (95% CI, 0.76-0.91) for women.CONCLUSIONSDivorce, widowhood, living alone, low educational attainment, and low income increase the risk of each subtype of esophageal and gastric cancer. These associations require attention when high-risk individuals are being identified.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Andersson, Gunnar
(författare)
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A Review of Policies and Practices Related to the “Highest-Low” Fertility of Sweden
- 2007
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Swedish family policies are not directly aimed at encouraging childbirth. Their main goal has rather been to support women’s labor-force participation and to promote gender equality. The focus is to strengthen individuals so that they are able to pursue their family and occupational tracks without being too strongly dependent on other individuals. The reconciliation of family and working life of women has been facilitated by (i) individual taxation and individual-based social-security systems, which makes it less attractive for couples to pursue gendered segregation of work and care, (ii) an income-replacement based parental-leave system, which gives women incentives to establish themselves in the labor market before considering childbirth, and (iii) subsidized child-care, which allows women to return to work after parental leave. Fertility has fluctuated during recent decades but, as in the other Nordic countries with a similar welfare-state setup, it has stayed well above the European average. The Swedish institutional context clearly is conducive to such “highest-low” fertility. In this review, I provide evidence that institutional factors appear to be far more decisive than cultural ones in shaping childbearing behavior, and demonstrate some specific impacts of family policies on childbearing dynamics.
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| 9. |
- Andersson, Gunnar
(författare)
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A review of policies and practices related to the ‘highest-low’ fertility of Sweden
- 2008
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Ingår i: Vienna Yearbook of Population Research. ; , s. 89-102
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article reviews research on the role social and family policies play for fertility in Sweden. Swedish family policies are not directly aimed at encouraging childbirth. Their main goal has rather been to support women’s participation in the labour force and to promote gender equality. They focus on enabling individuals to pursue their family and occupational pathways without being too dependent on other persons. The following measures have helped women to reconcile family and working life: individual taxation and individual-based social-security systems, which make gendered segregation of work and care less attractive for couples; an income replacement based parental-leave system, which gives women incentives to establish themselves on the labour market before considering childbirth; and subsidised child care, which allows women to return to work after parental leave. Fertility has fluctuated during recent decades but—as in the other Nordic countries with similar welfare state setups—it has remained well above the European average. The Swedish institutional context clearly is conducive to such ‘highest-low’ fertility. My review documents the importance of institutional factors in shaping childbearing behaviour and demonstrates some specific impacts of family policies on demographic behaviour.
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| 10. |
- Andersson, Gunnar, 1962-
(författare)
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Barnafödande i kristider
- 2013
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Ingår i: Jordemodern. - Stockholm : Jordemodern. - 0021-7468. ; :4, s. 24-26
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Forskningsöversikt (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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