| 1. |
- Eriksson, Max, et al.
(författare)
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Viltvårdsavgiften : En studie av svenskarnas vilja att betala det statliga jaktkortet
- 2018
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Viltvårdsavgiften ska enligt Jaktförordningen (SFS 1987:905, 49 §) betalas av alla över 18 år som jagar i Sverige. Avgiften är 300 kr och gäller för ett jaktår, vilket omfattar tiden 1 juli–30 juni. Det statliga jaktkortet är ett kvitto på att denna avgift är betald. Under de senaste decennierna har antalet personer som löser det statliga jaktkortet minskat. I den här rapporten, som är ett utredningsuppdrag från Naturvårdsverket till Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet (SLU), undersöks varför antalet personer som löser jaktkort minskar, och om antalet jaktkortslösare som ägnar sig åt jakt också minskat över tid. Rapporten omfattar endast personer bosatta i Sverige.
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| 2. |
- Eriksson, Louise, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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The importance of structural, situational, and psychological factors for involving hunters in the adaptive flyway management of geese
- 2023
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Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 2045-2322. ; 13:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Adaptive flyway management of superabundant geese is emerging as a strategy to reduce damage to agricultural crops and other ecosystem disservices, while also ensuring sustainable use and conservation objectives. Given the calls for intensified hunting as part of flyway management in Europe, we need to increase the understanding of structural, situational, and psychological factors important for goose hunting among hunters. Our survey data, retrieved in southern Sweden, showed a higher potential to intensify hunting among goose hunters than other hunters. In response to hypothetical policy instruments (including regulations, collaborative, and others), hunters declared a minor increase in their intention to hunt geese, with the greatest expected increase among goose hunters should the hunting season be extended. Situational factors (e.g., access to hunting grounds) were associated with goose hunting (frequency, bag size, and intention to increase hunting). In addition, controlled motivation (derived from external pressures or to avoid guilt) and more importantly autonomous motivation (due to hunting being enjoyable or valuable) were along with goose hunter identity positively associated with goose hunting. Hunters’ involvement in flyway management may be encouraged by using policy instruments to remove situational barriers and facilitate their autonomous motivation.
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| 3. |
- Johansson, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Expectations about voluntary efforts in collaborative governance and the fit with perceived prerequisites of intrinsic motivation in Sweden’s ecosystem-based moose management system
- 2022
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Ingår i: Ecology and Society. - : Resilience Alliance. - 1708-3087. ; 27:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Collaborative governance regimes may be vulnerable because of dependency on stakeholders’ voluntary engagement and efforts. This study focuses on the Swedish moose management system, a multi-level collaborative governance regime inspired by the ecosystem approach. Self-determination theory is used to explore perceived prerequisites of basic needs for intrinsic motivation across sub-groups of stakeholder representatives who are engaged across different social-ecological contexts. Questionnaire data collected among representatives at two governance levels, moose management groups (n = 624) and moose management units (n = 979), were subjected to two-step cluster analysis. The analyses revealed two sub-groups of representatives, characterized by differences in species composition and land ownership structure: managers of multi-ungulate areas and managers of large-carnivore areas. In several respects, these groups significantly differed in how they perceived the prerequisites. This included prerequisites of perceived competence with regard to their need for knowledge of topics and usefulness of monitoring methods, perceived autonomy operationalized as possibilities to perform their tasks with sufficient time, resources, and support from their organizations, and perceived relatedness to different groups of actors. Further efforts should be made to understand the conditions required for representatives to energize and direct their behavior. The institutional system must better fit the needs of stakeholder representatives across various local contexts, otherwise the space for local voluntary engagement might be hampered.
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| 4. |
- Lidberg, William, et al.
(författare)
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Detection of hunting pits using airborne laser scanning and deep learning
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journal of field archaeology. - : Routledge. - 0093-4690 .- 2042-4582.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Forests worldwide contain unique cultural traces of past human land use. Increased pressure on forest ecosystems and intensive modern forest management methods threaten these ancient monuments and cultural remains. In northern Europe, older forests often contain very old traces, such as millennia-old hunting pits and indigenous Sami hearths. Investigations have repeatedly found that forest owners often fail to protect these cultural remains and that many are damaged by forestry operations. Current maps of hunting pits are incomplete, and the locations of known pits have poor spatial accuracy. This study investigated whether hunting pits can be automatically mapped using national airborne laser data and deep learning. The best model correctly mapped 70% of all the hunting pits in the test data with an F1 score of 0.76. This model can be implemented across northern Scandinavia and could have an immediate effect on the protection of cultural remains.
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| 5. |
- Bjärstig, Therese, Docent, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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A struggling collaborative process : revisiting the woodland key habitat concept in Swedish forests
- 2019
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 0282-7581 .- 1651-1891. ; 34:8, s. 699-708
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The term woodland key habitat (WKH) was launched in Sweden in 1990. Definitions for the concept have changed over the years, and today the WKH concept and its application are issues of debate in Sweden. Consequently, the Swedish Forestry Agency (SFA) initiated a collaborative process including forest stakeholders with the purpose to clarify the application and develop the inventory methodology of WKH. We have studied, by means of interviews and observations, participant perceptions of how endogenous and exogenous factors affect the collaborative process. During our research, we identified three game changers: the pause in WKH registration in northwestern Sweden that caused several participants to drop out of the process; budget allocations for new nationwide WKH inventories that put the process on hold; and formal instructions from the government that came nine months later and essentially re-initiated the collaborative process. Altogether, this not only affected the participants’ abilities, understanding and willingness to participate, but also the overall legitimacy of the process – indicating the difficulty of conducting policy development in collaborative form, especially when it is highly politicized since it impact on the participants’ anticipation of the process and its end results.
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| 6. |
- de Boon, Auvikki, et al.
(författare)
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To adapt or not to adapt, that is the question : Examining farmers’ perceived adaptive capacity and willingness to adapt to sustainability transitions
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journal of Rural Studies. - : Elsevier. - 0743-0167 .- 1873-1392. ; 105
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The agricultural sector is one of the areas that has been highlighted as requiring a sustainability transition. For these kinds of transitions to succeed over the long-term, farmers need to be able to adapt to the required changes. Identifying which individual and institutional aspects are important for farmers' adaptive capacity and willingness to adapt is therefore an essential step in gaining insight into the role of farmers’ agency in transition processes and their long-term sustainability. So far, adaptive capacity literature has mainly focused on adaptive capacity in relation to climate change or individual innovations, thereby leaving a knowledge gap on adaptive capacity in relation to sustainability transitions. In this study, we aim to address this by deepening our understanding of these aspects through 24 in-depth, semi-structured interviews with English farmers and organisations in the context of the post-Brexit agricultural transition. Whilst we found many similarities with previous adaptation literature in the context of climate change and individual innovation, we also found aspects that have not been prominent and thus seem to be specific for adaptation in relation to sustainability transitions. These include the dual role that access to finances and information can play; land ownership status in terms of having the right to implement adaptation measures; state of mind; feeling respected, appreciated, and understood; perceived level of control and ownership; and considerations of (global) consequences. Further research is needed to strengthen and further develop our findings, for example through case studies in other geographical locations or sectors.
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| 7. |
- Dressel, Sabrina, et al.
(författare)
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Achieving Social and Ecological Outcomes in Collaborative Environmental Governance : Good Examples from Swedish Moose Management
- 2021
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Ingår i: Sustainability. - : MDPI. - 2071-1050. ; 13:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Collaborative governance approaches have been suggested as strategies to handle wicked environmental problems. Evaluations have found promising examples of effective natural resource governance, but also highlighted the importance of social-ecological context and institutional design. The aim of this study was to identify factors that contribute to the achievement of social and ecological sustainability within Swedish moose (Alces alces) management. In 2012, a multi-level collaborative governance regime was implemented to decrease conflicts among stakeholders. We carried out semi-structured interviews with six ‘good examples’ (i.e., Moose Management Groups that showed positive social and ecological outcomes). We found that ‘good examples’ collectively identified existing knowledge gaps and management challenges and used their discretionary power to develop procedural arrangements that are adapted to the social-ecological context, their theory of change, and attributes of local actors. This contributed to the creation of bridging social capital and principled engagement across governance levels. Thus, our results indicate the existence of higher-order social learning as well as a positive feedback from within-level collaboration dynamics to between-level collaboration. Furthermore, our study illustrates the importance of institutional flexibility to utilize the existing knowledge across stakeholder groups and to allow for adaptations based on the social learning process.
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| 8. |
- Dressel, Sabrina, et al.
(författare)
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En studie av 2021 års licensjakts effekt på attityder till varg
- 2023
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Rapport (refereegranskat)abstract
- Frågan om jakt på varg bidrar till att legitimera eller öka acceptansen för varg ochvargförvaltning har stötts och blötts inom forskning, politik och förvaltning under många år. Inom såväl politiken som forskningsvärlden råder det delade meningar om huruvida jakten verkligen kan bidra till att öka acceptansen. En anledning till oenigheten är att det saknas evidensbaserade studier som genomförts med tillräckligt hög validitet och tillförlitlighet. Genom sådana studier kan man bekräfta eller förkasta att jakt som förvaltningsåtgärd bidrar till att påverka människors attityder, och i förlängningen beteenden, som till exempel kan bidra till att förebygga illegal jakt.I denna studie valdes genomförandet av vargjakten i Sverige år 2021/2022 ut som en unik möjlighet att med rigorösa metoder fånga upp jaktens eventuella effekter på attityder till varg, vargpolitik och vargförvaltning, samt förtroendet för förvaltande myndigheter. Studien utformades med syfte att undersöka effekterna av licensjakt på varg bland allmänheten, samt bland direkt och indirekt berörda aktörer i vargfrågan. Studien kombinerar kvantitativa och kvalitativa metoder och består av tre moduler: 1) en kartläggning av allmänhetens attityder före (n = 5 470 personer) och efter licensjakten (n = 7 432 personer) i län med licensjakt och utan licensjakt, 2) en intervjustudie med aktörer som är involverade i eller är direkt påverkade av beslutsprocessen rörande licensjakten, och 3) en analys av sociala mediers bevakning av licensjakten för att förstå den bredare samhällsdebatten.En slutsats av den här och tidigare studier är att det finns ett omfattande och stabilt stöd bland allmänheten för jakt på varg om syftet är att reglera vargpopulationen (Dressel m fl, 2021). Licensjakten på varg under 2021, som en enskild förvaltningsåtgärd, har däremot inte visat någon stark effekt på allmänhetens attityder till varg, dess politik och förvaltning eller tillit till förvaltande myndigheter. Den kvantitativa undersökningen fångade några små förändringar men utan ett tydligt mönster. Vissa län blev något mer positiva i vissa aspekter medan andra län blev något mer negativa. Mot bakgrund av teorier om hur attityder förändras, är det rimligt att anta att attityderna inte förändrades eftersom deltagarnas vardag inte påverkades av licensjakten. En slutsats av analysen av förvaltningsprocessen inför, under och efter licensjakten är att den, enligt de intervjuade aktörerna, lider brist på långsiktighet, förutsägbarhet och en gemensam idé om hur man åstadkommer förändring. Mer konkret ifrågasatte de intervjuade aktörerna aspekter relaterade till hela beslutsprocessen (till exempel grunden för vilken en potentiell jakt diskuteras, hur beslutsprocessen är utformad och vem som är involverad i den, samt att resultatet av processen överklagas i domstol). Detta påverkade aktörernas syn på förvaltningssystemet och involverade myndigheter och skapade frustration.En slutsats av analysen av debatten på Twitter och offentliga Facebooksidor är att licensjakten förvisso rönt stor uppmärksamhet och att den är politiserad, men att diskussionerna i mångt och mycket har förts i stuprör där grupper delar och förhåller sig till onlinematerial som är specifikt för just den egna gruppen. Det finns således ingen viral historia, eller någon särskilt inflytelserik resurs (bloggare, diskussionsforum, nyhetssajter, etc.) som på ett genomgripande sätt präglat diskussionerna i dessa grupper under tiden för studien. Generellt verkar det därmed inte finnas stöd för att licensjaktsfrågan skulle ha förändrat exempelvis Facebookgruppernas sätt att agera och fungera vilket i förlängningen betyder att debatten på dessa plattformar har haft en begränsad effekt och räckvidd.
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| 9. |
- Eriksson, Max, et al.
(författare)
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Direct experience and attitude change towards bears and wolves
- 2015
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Ingår i: Wildlife Biology. - : Wiley. - 0909-6396 .- 1903-220X. ; 21:3, s. 131-137
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Understanding how changes in the sizes of large carnivore populations affect the attitudes of the public is vital in order to mitigate social conflicts over large carnivore management issues. Using data from two Swedish postal surveys in 2004 and 2009, we examined the probable social effects of a continued increase in the Swedish populations of bear and wolf by comparing levels of direct experience of bears and wolves with public attitudes towards these animals. We report an increase in direct experience of bears and wolves, lower levels of acceptance of the existence of these animals, and a lower degree of support for the policy goals of both species in 2009 compared to 2004. We also find that these changes are more prominent in areas with local carnivore populations than in other areas of Sweden. Our results imply that attitudes towards bears and wolves are likely to become more negative as populations continue to grow. The uneven distributions of the carnivore populations are likely to generate more frequent social conflicts in the future as they could cause an increase in the attitudinal divide between those members of the Swedish public who have had direct experiences of carnivores and those who have not.
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| 10. |
- Hallberg-Sramek, Isabella, et al.
(författare)
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Applying machine learning to media analysis improves our understanding of forest conflicts
- 2024
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Ingår i: Land use policy. - : Elsevier. - 0264-8377 .- 1873-5754. ; 144
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Conflicts over the management and governance of forests seem to be increasing. Previous media studies in this area have largely focused on analysing the portrayal of specific conflicts. This study aims to review how a broad range of forest conflicts are portrayed in the Swedish media, analysing their temporal, spatial, and relational dimensions. We applied topic modelling, a machine learning approach, to analyse 53,600 articles published in the Swedish daily press between 2012 and 2022. We identified 916 topics, of which 94 were of interest for this study. Our results showed ten areas of forest conflicts: hunting and fishing (35 % of total coverage), energy (24 %), recreation and tourism (11 %), nature conservation (8 %), forest damages (6 %), international issues (5 %), forestry (5 %), reindeer husbandry (4 %), media and politics (2 %), and mining (1 %). The overall coverage of forest conflicts increased significantly over the study period, potentially reflecting an actual increase in forest conflicts. Some of the conflicts were continuously reported upon over time, while the coverage of others exhibited seasonal or event-related patterns. Four conflicts received most of their coverage in specific regions, while others were covered across the whole of Sweden. A relational analysis of the conflicts revealed three clusters of forest conflicts focused respectively on industrial, cultural, and conservation conflicts. Our results emphasise the value of using topic modelling to understand the overall patterns and trends of the media coverage of current land use conflicts, while also highlighting potential areas of emerging conflicts that may be of special interest for planners and policy-makers to monitor and manage.
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