| 1. |
- Andersson-Stråberg, Teresia, et al.
(författare)
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The impact of pay-related justice perceptions on employee work attitudes, psychological well-being, and work-related behavior.
- 2006
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Ingår i: 7th Conference of the European Academy of Occupational Health Psychology..
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Konferensbidrag (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- The use of individualized pay has increased during the last decades. Employers expect individualized pay systems to bring about more efficient and motivated employees, who are willing to heighten their work efforts in order to achieve organizational goals. A certain amount of cooperation and communication between supervisor and employee throughout the different parts in the individualized pay-setting process is required. Although research on leadership and its impact on employees perceptions are extensive (Pfeffer, 1997), there is need to study whether interpersonal competency of leaders in the pay-setting process affects outcomes such as employee satisfaction, performance and well-being. It would be reasonable to assume that employees who have a positive view of the supervisor-employee relationship and regards the supervisor’s conduct in the pay-setting process as fair, also would experience a greater satisfaction, commitment, and are less inclined to quit than individuals with more negative perceptions of the relationship with their supervisor and his/her conduct in the pay-setting process. Questionnaire data was collected among 721 health care workers. The response rate was 81 percent (N=582). The proportion of women was 88 percent, and the mean age 48 (SD=10) years. The results indicate that a clear communication concerning expectations and goals is probably the most important supervisor quality for all five outcomes, followed by supervisor legitimacy and competency, respectful treatment and gender equality.
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| 2. |
- Annell, Stefan, et al.
(författare)
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Newcomers Taking Different Paths : Proximal Socialization Outcome Profiles among Police Officers
- 2022
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Ingår i: 15th EAOHP Conference 2022. Supporting knowledge comparison to promote good practice in occupational health psychology. - Nottingham : European Academy of Occupational Health Psychology. - 9780992878665 ; , s. 532-533
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: Answering calls for an interactionist approach that would help clarify the complexity of organizational socialization, this study applied a person-centered analytic approach aiming to examine the role of proximal socialization outcome profiles for distal outcomes. Organizational socialization concerns the learning and adjustment process enabling newcomers to adapt to an organizational role. Proximal outcomes (or adjustment indicators) are assumed to reflect how well individuals adjust on their way to become organizational insiders, while distal outcomes reflect the ultimate organizational socialization outcomes. Thus, proximal outcomes precede distal outcomes, mediating effects of various organizational and individual socialization factors (known as antecedents) that foster the socialization process.Method: In this study, a person-centered analytic approach was used to examine the role of proximal socialization outcome profiles for distal outcomes. Data from new police officers in Sweden (N = 430), from three time points (T0 = Application process [spring 2008], T1 = Near end of field training [end of 2010], and T2 = Near end of first work year [end of 2011]), were analyzed. First, latent profile analysis (LPA) was performed to identify proximal outcomes profiles. Then, the identified profiles were validated by a complementary analysis, which examined differences in antecedents and distal socialization outcomes among officers with different profiles.Results: Among the new police officers, three proximal outcome profiles were identified – a vulnerable (35%), a troublesome (11%), and a successful (54%) – with profiles exhibiting distinct patterns in the proximal outcome indicators role conflict, task mastery, and social integration. Complementary analysis showed subgroup differences in some antecedents (e.g., personality and psychosocial working conditions) and distal outcomes (e.g., organizational commitment, job satisfaction, and work-related anxiety), thus emphasizing the role of personality and psychosocial working conditions in organizational socialization.Implications: The study showed that proximal socialization outcome indicators may form profiles that characterize subgroups of newcomers following different socialization paths. Depicting how the socialization process may differ among subgroups is a significant theoretical contribution that adds nuance to traditional stage models. Findings also emphasize that both psychosocial working conditions and personality are important antecedents, which support viewing organizational socialization as an interactive process including both the individual and the environment. Accordingly, the study suggests the person-centered approach as promising for gaining new insights regarding organizational socialization processes. Further, this study indicates that the socialization process was successful for most new police officers. Still, for a fairly large proportion (i.e., the Vulnerable and Troublesome groups), the proximal outcome profiles indicated a less favourable adjustment. The differences in proximal outcome profiles suggest that the Troublesome and the Vulnerable groups struggled with somewhat different adjustment challenges, which may yield organizational challenges. From an applied perspective, the findings suggest that targeting the challenges and needs that characterize different groups of newcomers may help organizations to tailor actions facilitating learning and adjustment among newcomers. Moreover, to facilitate newcomers’ socialization, organizations may also benefit from monitoring newcomers’ experiences of their working climate as well as their personality.
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| 3. |
- Annell, Stefan, et al.
(författare)
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Stay or leave the Police? A longitudinal examination of turnover among younger police officers in Sweden
- 2019
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Ingår i: Abstract Book of the 19th European Association of Work and Organizational Psychology Congress. ; , s. 1262-1262
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Purpose: Turnover increases among Police officers in Sweden. This is coupled with the Police force facing higher demands. The resulting recruitment of new officers is time-consuming and expensive, and also indicates the need to reduce turnover rates. Thus, increasing turnover rates are important, but knowledge regarding police turnover is limited. This study aims to understand voluntary police turnover among younger officers in a European setting.Design/Methodology/Approach/Intervention: Using a sample of Swedish police officers (N = 720) and data from three time-points (application to the police education–2008, first work year–2011, and seven years of work–2017), we followed a two-step approach. First, we performed univariate comparisons between stayers and leavers. Then we predicted turnover-status by hierarchical logistic regression.Results: Findings revealed low but increasing annual turnover rates. Some differences emerged between stayers and leavers. Regression analyses showed organizational commitment to be the most important long-term predictor of turnover, outperforming predictors such as educational level, job satisfaction, and turnover intention.Limitations: Since data were not originally designed to examine turnover, not all potentially relevant variables were included.Research/Practical Implications: This study emphasizes early career organizational commitment as an important predictor of long-term retention among police officers. Low associations between turnover intention and actual turnover suggest a need to address reluctant stayers. Further, findings suggest selection being of limited value in preventing police turnover.Originality/Value: This is the first larger study that examines turnover among police officers in Sweden.
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| 4. |
- Baraldi, Stephan, et al.
(författare)
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Individuella skillnader i attityd till belöning och prestation : betydelsen av målorientering och utbildningsnivå
- 2013
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Med dagens fokus på prestation och belöning i arbetslivet är det viktigt att framhäva betydelsen av individens egna upplevelser av dessa begrepp. De kan exempelvis operationaliseras i termer av attityd till resultatbaserad lön, självbestämd lön och lönetillfredsställelse, å ena sidan, samt arbetsrelaterad självtillit, kvalitet i det egna arbetet och personligt ansvarstagande för resultat, å andra sidan. Samtidigt behöver vi veta mer om bakomliggande faktorer som påverkar individens upplevelser av prestation och belöning. Sådana bakomliggande faktorer skulle kunna utgöras av individuella skillnader relevanta för just prestation och belöning – exempelvis målorientering och utbildningsnivå. I föreliggande studie klassades respondenter in i fyra typer av målorientering – ospecificerad (OMO), prestationsbaserad (PMO), inlärningsbaserad (IMO), och prestations- och inlärningsbaserad (PIMO) samt två utbildningsnivåer (hög, låg). Tvärsnittsdata (n=626) analyserades med tvåvägs (4x2) MANOVA. Sammanfattat visade resultaten att individer klassade som IMO och PIMO var mer positiva till resultatbaserad lön, hade högre självtillit i arbetet, skattade egna prestationer högre i kvalitet samt tog större ansvar för egna resultat (gällde inte grupperna lågutbildade/PIMO och högutbildade/IMO) jämfört med individer klassade som PMO eller OMO. Effekter av utbildningsnivå observerades endast för lönetillfredsställelse och självbestämd lön där lågutbildade var mer nöjda med sin lön (gällde endast individer klassade som IMO och PIMO) medan högutbildade skulle ta ut en högre lön om de själva fick bestämma. Praktiska konsekvenser av studiens resultat samt förslag på vidare forskning diskuteras.
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| 5. |
- Bernhard-Oettel, Claudia, et al.
(författare)
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Comparing three alternative types of employment contract with permanent full-time work: How do employment status and perceived job conditions relate to individual well-being?
- 2006
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Ingår i: The South African Conference on Positive Psychology: Individual, Social and Work Wellness.
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Konferensbidrag (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Background/aim: Previous research has found alternative employment arrangements to be associated with both impaired and improved well-being. Such inconsistencies are likely to derive from the type of employment contract as well as characteristics of the job. This paper compares permanent full time work to alternative employment forms (permanent part time, fixed-term and on-call work) in order to investigate how different employment contracts relate to individual well-being. Moreover, the effects of perceived job conditions and possible interactive effects with type of employment form are tested.Methods: Questionnaire data from 954 Swedish healthcare workers was analysed and hierarchical regression analyses were used to investigate how much variance in health complaints and job induced tension can be explained by type of contract and perceived job conditions and the suggested interaction between type of contract and perceptions of job characteristics. Individual background characteristics that might be intertwined with the employment contract were controlled for.Results and conclusions: The analyses of show that perceptions of the job (job insecurity, job control and demands), but not the type of employment contract, predicted well-being. While this suggests that job characteristics rather than employment contracts tend to be of importance for employee well-being, the results also underscore the importance of distinguishing between different types of alternative employment contracts. Type of employment contract interacted with perceptions of job insecurity, in that insecurity was associated with impaired well-being among permanent full-time workers, while no relationship was found for on-call or core part-time employees. Despite the absence of interactions between employment contract and job demands or job control, it can be concluded that knowledge about the relationship between alternative employment arrangements and the well-being of workers can be enhanced when the combined effects of employment contract and job conditions are studied.
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| 6. |
- Berntson, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Should I Stay or Should I Go? : Does Employability Alter the Exit, Voice, Loyalty and Neglect Reactions to Job Insecurity?
- 2008
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Ingår i: Small Group Meeting, Leuven, Belgium, September 17-19, 2008..
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Konferensbidrag (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Exit, voice, loyalty, and neglect as employee responses to companies in decline have been investigated in several studies. When individuals work and act in an environment that is turbulent with organizational changes, volatile working conditions and job insecurity, they may respond to these environmental circumstances either by leaving the organization (exit), by staying and actively affect the situation (voice), by staying and be loyal to management’s decisions (loyalty) or by staying and being passive (neglect). With respect to the individualization of the labour market, it cannot be expected that people react in similar ways to organizational events. Rather, it has been suggested that employability may have a moderating effect on the responses of for example job insecurity. Consequently, the aim of the present study is to investigate if employability moderates the effects of job insecurity on the outcomes of the framework of exit, voice, loyalty, and neglect. Data (questionnaires) was gathered in four different companies (administrative staff of a manufacturing company, one accounting firm, administrative section of a community, teachers of a community), comprising 725 white-collar workers. The data of the present study was analysed by means of hierarchical regression analyses, one for each of the four outcome variables. The results indicate that individuals who are high in employability may have greater opportunities for gaining control over their working life. Job insecurity was found to be associated with increased exit as well as with decreased voice and loyalty, although these effects were stronger among individuals who perceived themselves to be employable. Thus, people that perceived high levels of employability, as opposed to those who perceived lower levels of employability, under the circumstance of high job insecurity also reported stronger exit intentions together with weaker tendencies to use their voice and be loyal to their company. No association was found between neglect and job insecurity or employability. In conclusion, instead of making employees more likely to use voice in times of uncertainty, employability appears to primarily induce vocational mobility.
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| 7. |
- Berntson, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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The relationship between self-efficacy and employability.
- 2006
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Ingår i: The 7th Conference of the European Academy of Occupational Health Psychology.
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Konferensbidrag (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Several researchers have emphasized that the labour market is being restructured and characterized by more frequently occurring organizational changes. In this sense, it has also been maintained that employability is a gradually more important asset for individuals in contemporary working life. It has been argued that the modern way of job security should be seen in the light of employability, the so called employability security, where security comes from the feeling of being able to get a new job rather than from the feeling of maintaining the current employment position.Employability is defined as an individual’s perception of his or her possibilities of getting new employment. Feeling employable thus reflects the perception of having great possibilities to get a new job, if necessary. In earlier research employability has been described as a concept depending on individual assets as well as contextual prerequisites. For instance, Fugate, Kinicki and Ashforth (2004) argued that employability is comprised of three distinct dimensions, one motivational component, one component reflecting adaptability and a third component formed by the human and social capital. Berntson, Sverke and Marklund (in press), on the other hand, argued that employability also shall be seen in the light of the context of the individual. Thus, national economic situation as well as local labour markets are important predictors of an individual’s employability.Although the concept of employability has been argued to be dependent on individual assets, few or no studies have been made to investigate if employability is something else than a dispositional characteristic such as efficacy beliefs. It is important to know if employability shall be viewed as a dispositional factor or if it shall be seen as something apart from dispositional traits when it comes to reinforcing employability. The first aim of the present study is to investigate if employability is a concept distinct from self-efficacy. It is however also of importance to investigate if employability gives rise to efficacy beliefs or if it is feelings of efficacy that influence the levels of employability. A second aim, therefore, is to investigate if self-efficacy affects employability or the other way around.Questionnaire data is being used comprising white-collar workers in a Swedish organization. The results of the initial confirmatory factor analysis (on Wave 1 data) indicate that employability is distinct from self-efficacy. Longitudinal data are being collected with the specific aim of performing a cross-lagged analysis. However, the cross-sectional data imply that the two concepts are positively correlated, indicating that individuals experiencing high levels of self-efficacy also report higher levels of employability.
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| 8. |
- Blom, Victoria, et al.
(författare)
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Work–home interference and burnout in Swedish women and men : The importance of genetics and family environment
- 2013
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Genetic influences on perceived demands and burnout are shown in previous studies, suggesting genetic and shared environmental influences may underlie the associations between work–home interference and burnout. The present study sets out to increase the currently limited understanding of the biological and social correlates of work–home interference (WHI) by investigating whether WHI is related to burnout while taking sex, age, children, and genetic and shared environmental factors into account. A total of 13 730 individuals, including 2223 complete twin pairs, from the Swedish Twin Registry were included in the study. The effects of work–home conflict (WHC) and home–work conflict (HWC) on burnout between- and within-pairs were analyzed with Linear Mixed Models with and without stratification by sex. The results showed significant main effects of WHC and HWC on burnout and co-twin control analyses suggested that shared environmental factors may be involved in the association between HWC and burnout in women. As regards WHC and burnout, genetic or shared environmental factors did not seem to be involved. Adjustment for age and children did not change the results. The present study contributes with new knowledge of the mechanisms involved in the associations between work–home interference and burnout.
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| 9. |
- Bujacz, Aleksandra, et al.
(författare)
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Satisfied if you don’t mind, engaged when you care : Positive emotions in relation to work centrality and turnover intention
- 2013
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Ingår i: Imagine the future world: How do we want to work tomorrow? Abstract proceedings of the 16th EAWOP Congress 2013. ; , s. 187-187
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Purpose: The affective space of human emotions is considered to be structured by two dimensions: the pleasure vs. displeasure continuum and the degree of arousal. Highly energetic positive states, such as engagement, are distinguished from more passive ones, such as satisfaction. Both can be considered indicators of employees’ well-being. The aim of this study was to investigate whether employees characterized by contrast levels of work centrality and turnover intention, differ with respect to feelings of engagement and satisfaction. We hypothesized that divergent attributes of those two emotions are linked to contrasting causes.Design/Methodology: In order to test this assumption we conducted a study, in which 579 Swedish employees completed a questionnaire measuring positive feelings at work, intention to leave the company and work centrality.Results: Multivariate analyses revealed that the feeling of satisfaction was negatively associated with decision of leaving the job. However, among employees expressing an intention to remain in the organization, highly engaged were primarily those, who considered work as central in their lives.Limitations: Findings refer to a general, overall feelings. It is recommended to check whether differences between satisfaction and engagement hold also on a state level of emotions.Research/Practical Implications: Satisfaction is a sign of reaching an acceptable level of what is expected from a job. However, results suggest that this is not enough to be engaged. Individuals have to highly value their work to feel engaged.Originality/Value: This study explores the difference between two forms of employees’ well-being, which is often ignored in work psychology.
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| 10. |
- Eib, Constanze, 1985-, et al.
(författare)
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A 5-year Multilevel Investigation of the Relations Between Job Insecurity, Informational Justice and Work Attitudes
- 2013
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The negative effects of job insecurity on work attitudes are well-known. The uncertainty management theory (UMT) suggests that organisational justice may help to deal with the stressor job insecurity. This study presents the results of a multi-level investigation on the moderating influence of informational justice on the negative effects of quantitative and qualitative job insecurity on work attitudes. Full data of 183 Swedish accountants, five time points with one-year time lags, confirmed the predictions based on the UMT. The few studies that tested this proposition found generally confirming results. This study adds to the current knowledge with several accounts. One is that qualitative job insecurity, anticipation of losing valued job features, is included whereas previous research has only dealt with the general worry of job loss. Second the focus is on informational justice as a moderator which has been neglected so far although more likely to buffer the negative effects on work attitudes. Third, the data is analysed in a multi-level fashion such that the fluctuation of job insecurity and organisational justice over the time of five years and the common between-person differences are investigated simultaneously. Organisations that undergo changes that create job insecurity in their employees may offset the negative consequences by using informational justice.
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