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- Stepanova, Olga, 1981
(författare)
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Conflict resolution in coastal management: Interdisciplinary analyses of resource use conflicts from the Swedish coast
- 2015
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Natural resource use conflicts at urbanized coasts and their analysis and resolution are the main themes of this thesis. Based on the analysis of four conflict cases from the Swedish coast, I explore the ways the local management of coastal resources may be connected with a broader notion of sustainable resource management. Two questions guide this study. The first one is in regard to the theoretical and methodological development of coastal conflict research. It asks whether and how coastal conflicts can be analysed in an interdisciplinary manner. In answer to this research question, I developed an interdisciplinary conceptual framework for the analysis of local coastal conflicts. This framework is an example of the form that methodologies for interdisciplinary knowledge integration can take in a natural resource management study. The framework combined and integrated knowledge from different discourses and disciplines of environmental conflict research with the knowledge from empirical conflict studies and allowed for more integrated and complex conflict analysis. The second question is practice and management oriented and concerns how practical conflict resolution can be improved with sustainable coastal resource management as a goal. The findings highlight the importance combinations of formal and informal resolution strategies have, the key role of practices of knowledge use and the importance of power imbalances among stakeholders for conflict resolution. By setting out to link together the analyses of conflicts and conflict resolution in the practice of resource management and policy with the normative aspects of sustainable resource management, I highlight that interdisciplinary analyses of resource use conflicts and integrated approaches to conflict resolution should be incorporated in sustainable resource management and planning as a necessary part.
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| 3. |
- Havugimana, Emmanuel, 1956
(författare)
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State policies and livelihoods - Rwandan Human Settlement Policy. Case Study of Ngera and Nyagahuru Villages
- 2009
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Through a case study of two villages of the Southern Province of Rwanda, this thesis explores the effects on Rwanda National Settlement Policy on the livelihoods of the rural population. With today 344 inhabitants per km², Rwanda has the highest population densities of Sub-Saharan Africa. Subsistence agriculture is the mainstay for more than 90 percent of the population. Since 1997, Rwanda has undertaken a controversial policy of grouping people in villages whereas rural traditional habitat is that of scattered homesteads on the hills’ slopes. The rationale of the policy is dealing of high demographic pressure on little arable land. Grouping people in villages would free more land for cultivation. But the policy is also profoundly rooted in the history of the country for the last half century. Between 1952 and 1972, experiences of agricultural modernization were conducted through the so-called paysannats. A villagisation experiment was tried in 1970es-1980es in pilot villages without much success. The new habitat policy is like a continuation of those past experiences. However, the new policy was mainly driven by the genocide of 1994 and its aftermaths. Tutsi returnees after more than three decades in exile and genocide survivors whose houses were destroyed needed a safe place to stay when the genocide ended in July 1994. Some occupied properties of Hutu who left the country in the wake of RPF victory fearing reprisals. When Hutu returnees were forced back home in 1996-1997, the government needed to find a way to address the property issue, to avoid further sociopolitical violence. Analyzing the cases of Ngera and Nyagahuru, two villages of the southern Province constructed by the Belgian Cooperation in 1998-2000, the thesis indicates the vulnerability situation of imidugudu villages’ dwellers. A high rate of women headed households, direct consequence of the genocide, scarce natural resources, weakness of social institutions and little possibility of non farm activities are important elements which need to be taken into consideration to make a decent living for all. The government of Rwanda has initiated other policies closely related to Human Settlement Policy like Agricultural Policy, Land Policy and Environmental Policy. The thesis examines important aspects of those policies which influence the livelihoods of “imidugudu” dwellers. The thesis ends suggesting some other possible ways of rural development which should be explored.
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| 4. |
- Mannergren Selimovic, Johanna, 1966
(författare)
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Remembering and Forgetting after War. Narratives of truth, justice and reconciliation in a Bosnian town
- 2010
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- ABSTRACT Mannergren Selimovic, Johanna (2010), Remembering and Forgetting after War. Narratives of truth, justice and reconciliation in a Bosnian town PhD Dissertation in Peace and Development Research, School of Global Studies, University of Gothenburg, P.O. Box 700, 405 30 Göteborg, Sweden Language: English, with summary in Swedish ISBN 978-91-628-8212-9 http://hdl.handle.net/2077/23838 This PhD dissertation sets out to deepen our understanding of how people make everyday strategies for living together after mass atrocities, and what role transitional justice may play for these strategies. The aim is to investigate the meanings of the contested concepts of truth, justice and reconciliation in a postconflict setting. The study critically scrutinizes central claims of the transitional justice and reconciliation paradigm and shows that measures for transitional justice cannot just be inserted into a passively receiving local context, but are always enfolded into ongoing local power struggles. The thesis is based on a qualitative case study consisting of 53 open interviews as well as participatory observation in the small town of Foča in Bosnia-Herzegovina. The analysis explores local narratives of truth, justice and reconciliation, and their encounter with the International Criminal Tribunal for Former Yugoslavia (ICTY). The findings show that the informants in Foča employed a multitude of strategies for living with the other in a deeply ethnopolitical setting. In this complex and discordant local world, the ICTY was used in different ways and produced processes that often differed from the intended outcome. The theoretical and methodological design of the study along the lines of a narrative enquiry accesses central issues of identity and power. The struggle between acknowledgement and knowledge, individual justice and narratives of collective innocence, silences and remembrance practices, are some of the tensions explored. The insights indicate that reconciliation should theoretically be understood as an ongoing, messy and contradictory process. The study suggests that, to the extent that measures for transitional justice can take part in the construction of a social arena where exchange of plural meanings is possible, it may play a positive part in the building of sustainable peace. Keywords: transitional justice, reconciliation, ICTY, Bosnia and Herzegovina, narrative theory, memory, identity
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| 5. |
- Svensson, Ann, 1962-
(författare)
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Kunskapsintegrering med informationssystem i professionsorienterade praktiker
- 2012
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Den här avhandlingen utgår ifrån ett professionsorienterat perspektiv på användning av informationssystem. Informationssystem för kunskapsintegrering i professionsorienterade arbetspraktiker innebär en dynamik för styrning och organisation där den professionsorienterade arbetspraktiken och informationssystem kan utvecklas tillsammans. Avhandlingen bygger på studier av två olika professionsorienterade arbetspraktiker, flygplansunderhåll och sjukvård, som båda kan karaktäriseras som tids- och livskritiska. De två professionsorienterade arbetspraktikerna kan härledas till två olika professionstyper. De fyra forskningsfrågorna i denna avhandling är: Vilken betydelse har egenskaper för T- respektive L-professioner för användning av informationssystem? Vilka generella utmaningar kan härledas ur professioners användning av informationssystem? Vilken betydelse har ledning och organisation av T- respektive L-professioner för användning av informationssystem? Hur kan användning av informationssystem organiseras för att möjliggöra kunskapsintegrering i professionsorienterade praktiker? Två fallstudier med etnografiska inslag har genomförts där två olika professionstyper utgör två definierade fall. Inledningsvis var dessa studier av en induktiv och explorativ karaktär, för att sedan bli mer förklarande och i slutskedet också något normerande. Den ena studien gjordes inom flygplansunderhållet vid det svenska flygvapnet, F7 i samverkan med Volvo Aero Corporation. Den andra studien har gjorts inom akutsjukvåren i NU-sjukvården, Västra Götaland. Bidraget i avhandlingen avser att visa att professioners egenskaper har betydelse för tillit, meningsskapande och engagemang både för, och i, användning av informationssystem. Avhandlingen visar behovet av att se strukturer mellan professioner och ledning som avgörande för kunskapsintegrering med informationssystem, där ett nytt integrerat ledarskap föreslås. Detta nya integrerade ledarskap är viktigt för att styra kunskaps¬integrering. Dessutom föreslår avhandlingen en ny ansats för kunskaps-integrering för att överbrygga organiska begränsningar och hinder. Denna ansats kallas uppgörelser. Uppgörelser i professionsorienterade arbetspraktiker är viktiga för att kunna utveckla befintlig och kommande användning av informationssystem samt att integrera informationssystem i det komplexa arbetet så att det kan utföras på ett effektivt sätt med hög kvalitet.
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| 6. |
- Svensson, Malin, 1976
(författare)
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Hoppet om en framtidsplats. Asylsökande barn i den svenska skolan
- 2017
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The thesis explores how accompanied refugee and asylum-seeking children experience everyday life in Sweden. During the asylum process, as part of a policy for promoting ‘normal life’, these children have the same right to education as permanently resident children. An ethnographic approach brought out data from combining interviews with participant observation and visual material produced by children. Methodological inspiration was sought in the new sociology of childhood and in its potential to make an eclectic analysis of the empirical data. Study I explores how spatial and temporal dimensions theoretically may guide dialogue with refugee children and interpretation of their visual material. The findings point to how children negotiate opportunities for the future where everyday life takes place, and how conditions for education are perceived in relation to their future prospects. Inquiring into the meaning of school, Study II explores the sense of possibility as perceived by asylum-seeking children, and shows how school is a social place that provides structure, a sense of belonging and a learning environment. Paradoxically, schools’ limited attention to the children’s predicament risked accentuating the ambivalent social position of being an asylum seeker and thus weakening the benefits of their right to education. Study III examines the challenges teachers face, as street-level bureaucrats, in catering to the needs of asylumseeking pupils and demonstrates how conflicting goals of education policy and asylum policy conditioned teachers’ work and risked undermining the compensatory pedagogical task. In sum, through analyses that encompass how an unsecured residence permit does not prevent children aspiring to their futures, as envisioned in the present, creating a home can be understood in terms of hope. While the asylum process conditions ideas of the future, the thesis contributes to an understanding of how it also shapes how children and teachers, as social actors, construct what is considered to be ‘normal life’ during the asylum process.
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| 7. |
- Tängh Wrangel, Claes, 1980-
(författare)
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The Use of Hope : Biopolitics of Security During the Obama Presidency
- 2018
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Through a compilation of four research articles, this PhD thesis investigates ‘hope’ as a biopolitical technology. It interrogates the use of hope by the United States security apparatus, on the one hand, to pre-empt processes of radicalisation and, on the other hand, to prepare the subject of security to cope with permanent insecurity. The dissertation analyses the security dis- course of the Obama Administrations 2009 – 2016, paying particular atten- tion to strategic narratives of hope across three principal domains of US secu- rity: diplomacy, development and military. The thesis thereby renders visible a set of ambiguous relations between hope and insecurity in US foreign poli- cy during the Obama period: between hate and hope in the domain of (public) diplomacy; between despair and hope in the domain of development; and between fear and hope in the military domain. To analyse the respective strategic narratives, the thesis employs a theoretical framework drawn from Giorgio Agamben’s theory of biopolitics, through which hope appears as a means of governing the future, a technology employed to regulate processes of subjectification. The dissertation’s theoretical ambition is to question a central assumption undergirding important critique of the post-9/11 biopoliti- cal condition: namely that practices of security are inherently at odds with hope, operating through discourses and practices of fear and suffering to reduce the capacity to hope within the global populace. By analysing the appropriation of hope by US security discourse, the thesis explores how prac- tices of security works through hope to achieve security. US security dis- course achieves this by means of constituting a particular form of hopeful life: an individualised and resilient form of neoliberal life who is called to embody an indistinction between fear, despair, hate and hope.
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| 10. |
- Landzelius, Michael, 1958
(författare)
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Dis(re)membering Spaces: Swedish Modernism in Law Courts Controversy
- 1999
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The dissertation addresses the public controversy, as reflected in newspaper coverage, over the 1936 Law Courts Annex in Göteborg, Sweden. The controversy is conceived as a tension-filled, multi-layered conjuncture of urban rivalry within the nation-state. The politico-differential pair modernism/conservatism and the spatio-differential pair Stockholm/Göteborg are traced out and shown to be formative for subject positions both in the controversy, and in scholarly work during the subsequent six decades.To disentangle the conjuncture, subjects’ spatial sense-making is contextualized with respect to a politicized built environment, and to practices characterized by polysemy, contestation and resemanticization, through which volatile meanings and identity effects are continuously renegotiated. This understanding is elaborated in relation to a notion of power as concerning asymmetries of spatial reach with regard to individuals’ influence and control over practices.From this position, the law courts controversy is unfolded through a multi-factor analysis on several spatial scales, from the nation-state to architectural solutions. It is demonstrated that in the Swedish 1930s, no building but the Law Courts Annex was executed in overt modernism on a site of key symbolico-political significance. The established projection of modernism onto Stockholm and conservatism onto Göteborg is deconstructed. The study shows how the law courts project crystallized into a unique conjuncture entangled in questions of: national and local struggles between fractions of the dominant class; governmental efforts to impose new norms and forms of dwelling and discipline; aesthetic purification and élitism; and conjoined interests of real estate capitalists, functionalist planners, and reformist politicians.The law courts controversy is shown to have been embedded in transpositions of ethics, politics, space and aesthetics. New spaces of commoditized visibility were related to the Law Courts Annex, and a gendered imagery of buildings and female human bodies as homologous were invoked together with notions of sexual and bodily hygiene. The controversy is unfolded as concerned with conditions of identity formation and subjectivity in a space of unseen visibility, and the building is unveiled as a classed and gendered space for the production of humans as mass ornaments with apractic postural models.In conclusion, established scholarly discourse on the Law Courts Annex and the controversy is unveiled as a third-order simulacrum through which the annex since the late 1930s has been produced and preserved as a counterfeit, as a historical simulacrum of the particular imagery of a discourse disconnected from existing traces of the past.
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