| 1. |
- Boström, Margareta, et al.
(författare)
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Lojalitet på riktigt
- 2021. - 1
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- På olika plan i samhället diskuteras lojalitet och man är överens om att lojalitet är viktigt för människor och för olika typer av verksamheter. Men vad är lojalitet? Och hur uppstår lojalitet hos människan? Hur kan verksamheter främja lojalitet?Denna bok reder ut begreppet lojalitet och placerar in det i ett större sammanhang. Boken bidrar till en djupare insikt om vad lojalitet innebär och manar läsaren till att reflektera över begreppet och över vad som egentligen är lojalitetsfrämjande. Läsaren får också konkret hjälp att förstå hur lojalitet kan främjas, utvärderas och mätas i den egna verksamheten."Under tiden jag läste den här boken gick det fullständigt klart upp för mig vilken okunskap jag haft om lojalitetsbegreppet. Malin och Margareta ger mig alla nycklar till vad lojalitet betyder och hur det fungerar, kort sagt de reder ut begreppen och ger många och handfasta guider till hur verksamheter kan ge förutsättningar för lojalitet."Arne B. Andersson, e-handels- och logistikexpert, "Arnepåposten", tidigare Postnord AB"Med stort engagemang och en stark vilja att låta läsaren få en djupare förståelse för begreppet lojalitet, har Margareta och Malin skrivit en inspirerande och engagerande bok som alla borde ta sig tid att läsa. Boken låter dig fundera och ifrågasätta samtidigt som den ger dig verktyg för att kunna förstå begreppet lojalitet bättre."Joachim Frykberg, vd Jula Holding AB och Jula AB
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| 2. |
- Lindberg, Ulla, 1969-, et al.
(författare)
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Consumer perception and behavior in the retail foodscape – A study of chilled groceries
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services. - : Elsevier BV. - 0969-6989 .- 1873-1384. ; 40, s. 1-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the retail grocery business, new competitors such as pure e-commerce players are growing fast, and, in order to compete, ‘brick and mortar’ stores such as supermarkets need to become more professional at providing excellent customer service, and to use the physical servicescape as the main competitive advantages. However, supermarkets also face a challenge to offer consumers high quality products while at the same time providing a pleasant and functional servicescape. Products like groceries often need to be stored in cabinets due to strict regulations and in order to maintain correct temperatures. Some of these cabinets have doors which make them more energy-efficient (Evans et al., 2007 ; Faramarzi et al., 2002), reduces costs, and contributes to grocery quality, but it can also affect the perceived servicescape, and risk a negative impact on sales (Waide, 2014; Kauffeld, 2015). For example, moisture from the atmosphere that condenses on the inside of the door glass (Fricke and Bansal, 2015) may make the cabinets less transparent, and doors can obstruct consumers from passing by. Thus, having chilled groceries in cabinets with doors can be both beneficial and problematic. However, no studies have been conducted on how open (no doors) or closed (with doors) cabinets for chilled groceries impact consumer perception and behavior. Hence, the purpose of the study is to contribute to an understanding of how consumers behave and what they perceive when shopping chilled groceries from cabinets with doors and without doors in the supermarket.Based on a qualitative research approach, combining in-store observations and focus group interviews, and focusing on Bitner's (1992) three environmental variables in the servicescape, i.e. (1) ambient condition, (2) space and functions, and (3) signs, symbols and artifacts, the study investigates the question: do open or closed cabinets for chilled groceries in the supermarket impact consumer perception and behavior, and if so, how?Our results indicate that consumers’ behavior and perceptions of the foodscape differ when there are doors or no doors on the cabinets. The paper thereby contributes to servicescape research by focusing on a particular part of supermarkets – the foodscape for chilled groceries–and by enhancing the understanding of environmental variables in the servicescape. The results further show how doors lead to different forms of approach or avoidance behavior in terms of accessibility and that consumers’ vision, olfaction and tactility all influence consumers’ perceptions of freshness and cleanliness in relation to doors or no doors. Our results also have practical implications for retailers who are designing new stores or considering changes in existing store layouts.
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| 3. |
- Anita, Radon, et al.
(författare)
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Adding Value through In-store Self-Service Technology in Retailing
- 2016
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- IntroductionTechnology-facilitated transactions have become an increasing part of retail encounters and customers, in some instances, are interacting with technology more than firm employees to create service encounters. Acceptance and adaption of new technology in store is dependent on several factors such as personality. Previous studies (Demirkan & Spohrer, 2014) suggest that product information and search process in store can be supported with the help of digital technology. It is suggested the infusion of technology can enhance service encounters by making them more expedient and efficient and thus, satisfying (Bitner, Ostrom, and Meuter 2002; Meuter et al. 2000). Giebelhausen et.al. (2014) suggest that the interplay between frontline technology use and service encounter evaluations may be more complex than it seems, and it is also suggested that technology-enriched retail environments affects relations between consumers, employees, and retailers (Pantano, and Migliarese, 2014).Academic literature has very much focused on the interpersonal dynamics of service-encounters (Bettencourt and Gwinner 1996; Bitner, Booms, and Tetreault 1990; Fischer, Gainer, and Bristor 1997; Goodwin 1996; Hartline and Ferrell 1996) that has extensively been explored, but to a lesser extent has research investigated customer interactions with technological interfaces (Bitner, Brown, and Meuter 2000; Dabholkar 1996). In their extensive exploration of a wide range of SSTs Meuter et.al. (2000) called for further research examining what motivates people to use an SST, how people would go about learning their role as it relates to interacting with an SST, and also what factors that limit perceived ability to interact with SSTs.The purpose of this study was to evaluate the value added by retail in-store self service technology for consumers. Important aspects of the SST interaction include the perceived service, the purchase intentions and interaction with the sales personnel.Experimental design and methodologyDepending on their complexity, certain products are perceived as more difficult to buy than others. Within a retailing context complexity dimensions regarding products is not so often heard of, however, many customers perceive products as difficult. This is due to the fact that consumption of the product is important and mistakes are often made. In a research program within the University of Borås and Swedish Institute for Innovative Retailing, the Academic environment gather retailers that strive to innovate and help raise customer perceived value in the fixed store setting. While significant investments in innovative technology systems such as self-scanning, mobile platforms or digital payment methods, continue to transform the customer’s experience it also help retailers being more effective. One of the Swedish retailers (a large retail chain within home textiles) wanted to develop a new tool for customers in store, helping them to decide on what product to buy. The system developer connected to the research institute programmed an IT-pilot designed to help customers decide the right product, with the help of a decision tree-model. Products chosen to be a part of the decision tree were pillows and duvets/covers. For most people this may sound like an easy product to choose, but studies made within SIIR contradict this opinion, showing that these kind of products are perceived as very difficult to decide upon. You need to know how your pillow must be in terms of filling, material, size etc. You also need to know how warm your cover should be compared to how you sleep at night and how the temperature is in your bedroom among other things. The IT-pilot was programmed into a touch-screen based self-service computer station, and the layout was made according to the retailer’s format and colour.The overall design of the field study was a structured three day in-store experiment with a touch-screen based self-service device aiming for three groups of respondents. These were 1) loyalty card members 2) voluntary participants in the SIIR survey registry and 3) Walk-in customers. The respondent were either assigned to the SST-based IT-pilot, or the sales clerk, to simulate a purchase in a real retail environment. When the respondents had selected and located the chosen merchandise the mock purchase was interrupted, and the structured interviews were conducted. The IT-pilot was a computer with touch screen, where a software prototype of a SST-program was installed. The customers made choices on the screen and the software gave them appropriate recommendations based on a hierarchy of choices the customer made on the touch screen. The IT-pilot was placed centered on a wall, by duvets and pillows. When the customer had gotten a recommendation from the IT-pilot they searched for the item of preference in the store, without help from sales personnel. The simulated purchase was concluded and the respondents were asked questions from a questionnaire with different design depending on whether the respondent had experienced a SST-encounter or a sales clerk encounter. Two research assistants, collecting the data and reporting it to the researchers in the study, performed the questionnaires. The research design was experimental in the sense that the respondent never actually performed a real purchase; they were invited and asked to participate in a fictional purchase, going through the different phases in the purchasing process. Total sample in the experiment was 78 customers contributing to the data set.ResultsThe average respondent in the study was a woman 47.1 years-old. Two respondents were male, thus reflecting the age and sex of the store’s targeted segment. Most respondents were relatively frequent visitors to the retail chain. 75.6 of the population visit a store one to two times every month, indicating an interest in the category. Less than 4% were highly infrequent visitors. Some used the internet regularly, but mobile platforms were seldom used, indicating a low internet maturity in the population.When asked how they perceived the importance of personal service, a majority of the respondents claimed it was high. However, the willingness to pay for better service was low. The self-stated computer literacy was high but their experience and willingness to use the internet retail options was low. The respondents were reluctant to try the SST-device, or at least hesitating, however, when educated they wanted to test the service. When asked which service was the best, the sales clerk or the SST, they preferred pre-purchase information sources such as employee encounters, and signs (including hang tags).The expected service level at the fixed store setting was high or very high before the experiments were carried out. Both the sales clerk and the SST, proving that both SST and sales personal delivered customer perceived value, fulfilled these expectations. The service experience, information quality and the match with preference were very good with the sales clerk. The SST received a somewhat lower rating compared to the personal encounter. The likelihood that the subject would actually purchase the product was slightly higher for the respondents who received service from sales personnel.Even if the recommended product is a good match for the customers’ preferences, we cannot conclude that there will be a purchase to finalize the sale. The product may not be important enough, or it can be difficult to find in the store. The product category in our experiment was considered very important by both the group serviced by the sales clerk and the SST group. However, those serviced by the sales clerk stated it was easier to locate the shelf where the recommended item was located, and to locate it n the shelf, than the group serviced byDiscussion and ConclusionsThe study shows that customers perceive the SST as both simple and logical with a good layout and as a good basis for decision making. This is in line with previous research that suggests that customers can perceive an added value if SST is present in-store. Given the results it is also indicated that acceptance for SST such as the IT-pilot in this case is dependent upon both outcome and expectations. Customers in this study, who are customers of the home textile company that was the setting require high service but are not willing to pay for the higher service level. Their focus is on value for them personally as customers (i.e. price and service related to price), more than the ultimate shopping experience. It was also revealed that the SST-based IT-pilot used in this study was best utilized when used in combination with personal selling and was most appreciated when the store was very busy. This indicating that consumers appreciate having the option of customizing their own service experience given the variables of time, access to sales personnel and readiness and willingness to use SST devices. Further research should view the combination of SST and personal service in order to view consumer choice of medium for service encounters, particularly when purchasing so called complex products. Methodologically further research should view the results when a SST device is placed in-store and respondents are not invited to an experiment but interview after having used the device uninitiated by researchers.ReferencesBettencourt, Lance and Kevin Gwinner (1996), “Customization of the Service Experience:The Role of the Frontline Employee,” International Journal in Services Industry Management, 7 (2), 2–20.Bitner, MJ. and Mary Stanfield Tetreault (1990), “The Service Encounter: DiagnosingFavorable and Unfavorable Incidents,” Journal of Marketing, 54 (January), 71–84.Bitner M.J., Brown S.W., Meuter M.L., (2000) Technology Infusion in Service Encounters,Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, vol. 28, n. 1, pp. 138-149.Bitner M.J., Ostrom A.L., Meuter M.L., (2002) Implemen
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| 4. |
- Borgström, Benedikte, et al.
(författare)
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Smart Consumer-Oriented Urban Logistics
- 2021
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Service innovation is the nexus between the growing e-commerce in urban areas and the ongoing Corona pandemic and seasonal peaks like Christmas. The growing market of urban e-commerce logistics needs solution-driven freight and urban logistics, which is an assumption of this study. Consumer-oriented urban logistics services enable consumers in their everyday and enable a well-functioning urban logistics market are a co-operation between consumers and urban service providers. A service-logic perspective may offer service innovation and value co-creation for the urban logistics challenge that includes last mile logistics.This conceptual paper aims to develop strategic logistics service provision literature and service innovation literature to facilitate collaborative development between consumers and service providers. Central aspects are consumer's everyday routines and available solutions in terms of urban deliveries and returns, available interaction points between consumers and service providers in daily practices, and knowledge and resources of urban service provider (related to e-commerce logistics) for innovative offerings. The everyday consumption practice and its logistics are key in co-created service innovations. In-depth understanding of consumption practices and production practices is the basis to align resources for a differentiated urban logistics solution. Such a process develops both urban service consumption practices and production practices. Urban service providers like logistics firms, commercial real estaters, and e-retailers have complementary types of competencies to facilitate urban service innovation. The study will generate implications to the urban e-commerce logistics research area and benefit both academia and business.
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| 5. |
- Egels-Zanden, Nicklas, et al.
(författare)
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Handelns digitalisering - Undran inför framtidens affärer
- 2016
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Handeln har länge kretsat kring det personliga mötet där den fysiska butiken – affären – har spelat en betydande roll för hur affärer görs. När handeln nu digitaliseras väcks en rad frågor om hur framtidens affärer kommer att se ut. I boken problematiseras och diskuteras handelns digitalisering med utgångspunkt i den fysiska butiken. Vidare behandlas vad som skapar värde för affären och affärerna utifrån teman om konsumenter, format, varuflöden, transparens och organisering. Med exempel från bland annat ICA, IKEA och Nudie Jeans lyfter författarna fram funderingar och tolkningar om vad digitaliseringen innebär för handeln och framtidens affärer – i dubbel bemärkelse.
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| 6. |
- Hagberg, Johan, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Att handla dagligvaror
- 2008
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Ingår i: Sundström, Malin & Hagberg, Johan (Red.) ICA-Citykunderna i Borås: Fältstudier av konsumentbeteende i dagligvarubutiker. - 9789185659302 ; , s. 8-13
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 7. |
- Hagberg, Johan, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Digitalization of retailing: A review and framework
- 2015
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Ingår i: 18th EAERCD Conference Rennes, France 1-3 July 2015. - 9782746684515
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- ‘Digitalization’ is one of the most significant ongoing transformations of contemporary society and encompasses many aspects of business and everyday life. These transformations are especially important for the retail sector as it both affects and is affected by the development. So far, scholarly conversation about retailing’s digitalization has been voluminous but relatively limited to specific aspects of digitalization, e.g., e-commerce. The purpose of this paper is to systematically analyse how retailing has transformed and is being transformed due to digitalization. This is done by reviewing and discussing the literature and developing a framework comprising four elements: exchanges, actors, offerings, and settings. It is argued that digitalization transforms: i) the retailing exchanges in a number of ways and in various facets of exchange: communications, transactions, and distribution; ii) the nature of retail offerings, and leads to blurred distinctions between products and services and what constitutes the actual offering; iii) the retail settings, i.e., where and when retailing takes place; and iv) the actors participating in retailing, i.e. retailers, consumers, and other parties. The article proposes that these elements are mutually reinforcing, which leads to a certain dynamic and far-reaching transformations due to digitalization. It is concluded that digitalization, far from being restricted to e-commerce, is more or less transforming all areas of retailing, which will possibly also have implications for the very definition of retailing.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Hagberg, Johan, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Nordic retail research: An introduction
- 2012
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Ingår i: Nordic retail research: Emerging diversity. - Göteborg : BAS Publishers. - 9789172463110 ; , s. 19-32
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 10. |
- Hagberg, Johan, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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The digitalization of retailing: an exploratory framework
- 2016
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Ingår i: International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management. - 0959-0552 .- 1758-6690. ; 44:7, s. 694-712
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AbstractPurpose – Digitalization denotes an on-going transformation of great importance for the retail sector. The purpose of this paper is to analyse the phenomenon of the digitalization of retailing by developing a conceptual framework that can be used to further delineate current transformations of the retailerconsumer interface.Design/methodology/approach – This paper develops a framework for digitalization in the retail-consumer interface that consists of four elements: exchanges, actors, offerings, and settings. Drawing on the previous literature, it describes and exemplifies how digitalization transforms each of these elements and identifies implications and proposals for future research.Findings – Digitalization transforms the following: retailing exchanges (in a number of ways and in various facets of exchange, including communications, transactions, and distribution); the nature of retail offerings (blurred distinctions between products and services, what constitutes the actual offering and how it is priced); retail settings (i.e. where and when retailing takes place); and the actors who participate in retailing (i.e. retailers and consumers, among other parties).Research limitations/implications – The framework developed can be used to further delineate current transformations of retailing due to digitalization. The current transformation has created challenges for research, as it demands sensitivity to development over time and insists that categories that have been taken for granted are becoming increasingly blurred due to greater hybridity.Originality/value – This paper addresses a significant and on-going transformation in retailing and develops a framework that can both guide future research and aid retail practitioners in analysing retailing’s current transformation due to digitalization.
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