| 1. |
- Farahani, Mohammad-Naghi, et al.
(författare)
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مفهوم سلامت و بیمـاري در فرهنـگ هـاي فردگرا و جمعگرا: یک پژوهش بین فرهنگی : [Concepts of Health and Disease in Individualistic and Collectivistic Cultures: A Cross-Cultural Study]
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Research in Psychological Health. - Tehran : Kharazmi University. - 2008-0166. ; 9:4, s. 1-10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although in the literature of the study the concepts of health and disease have been considered deeply dependent on each other, it seems that to differentiate them, indexes are needed which make clear both similar cultural characteristics and different cultural characteristics. In this study, an attempt was made to provide a new description of the classification of the mental health and disease and to investigate the role of different feelings in differentiating health from disease in Iranian collectivistic culture and Swedish individualistic culture. In this study, of a group of Iranian students (n=296) and of a group of Swedish students (n=310), a sample of students were selected. Results of the study showed that in the Iranian society there was a relationship between the mental health and balance affect while in the Swedish society there was a more significant relationship between the mental health and positive affect. It seems that in the typology of healthy and sick people there are four flourishing, languishing, trouble and symptomatic groups and that the positive and balance affects can differentiate these groups.
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| 2. |
- Kormi-Nouri, Reza, 1954-, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of Time pressure and Test Priority on Verbal & Action Memory and Recall for Words Rehearsed via Maintenance & Elaborative Rehearsal
- 2013
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Ingår i: Advances in Cognitive Science. - : Institute of Cognitive Science Studies. - 1561-4174. ; 15:2, s. 20-31
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction:The process of recalling not only receives influence from the memory strength and learning, but also affected by the study and testing circumstances and the interaction of both .Thisresearch investigated the effects of time pressure and changes in tasks’sequence on free recall.Methods:166 students were randomly selected using the multiple-stage sampling and were enrolled in our experiments. Four designed experiments were carried out to assessthe effects of time pressure to rehears the words on recall. Likewise, to examine the effects of test priority, first group learned each word via the elaborative rehearsal method, andthe maintenance rehearsalin the future task. The other group accomplished the same tasks followinga change in tasks’ sequence. Other experimentswere implemented using the same method for the verbal and action memory tasks.Results:Our results showed that access to the products of elaborative rehearsal is more compromised by time pressure than the maintenance rehearsal. Recalled words rehearsed viamaintenance were significantly more in number when implemented as first task. Meanwhile, the superiority of action memory over verbal memory in all experiments was noted.Conclusions:Despite the fact that elaborative rehearsal is known to be a more efficacious learning strategy, since this method needs higher levels of mental and time resources, its efficacy is much decreased under time pressure. Novelty factor affects the maintenance rehearsal more than other methods as this strategy needs less data processing. Finally, the rich encoding in action memory which is resulted from a higher physical and sensory experience appears to improve the free recall.
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| 3. |
- Kormi-Nouri, Reza, 1954-, et al.
(författare)
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مقايسة انواع حافظة رويدادي و معنايي در دانشآموزان شنوا و ناشنوا : [A study of episodic and semantic memory in deaf and hearing children]
- 2008
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Ingår i: Advances in Cognitive Science. - : Institute of Cognitive Science. ; 10:4, s. 83-93
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- هدف:پژوهش حاضر با هدف مقايسه انواع حافظه رويدادي و معنايي در دانشآموزان شنوا وناشنوا انجام شدهاست روش: در اين مطالعه در چارچوب طرحي پس رويدادي آزمايشي 72نفر دانش آ موز شنوا و ناشنواي دختر و پسر پايه اول و دوم دبيرستان (از هر گروه 36 نفر) بهطور تصادفي در پژوهش شركت داده شدند روش نمونه گيري تصادفي و ابزار پژوهشبررسي حافظه رويدادي شامل تكاليف رمزگرداني كلامي، عملي و تصويرسازي، تكاليفيادآوري آزاد و يادآوري با كمك نشانه بود نتايج در انواع نمره گذاري جملات كامل، اسامي وافعال به طور جداگانه، و نمره گذاري به روش سختگيرانه و آسانگيرانه به دست آمد دربررسي حافظة معنايي از آزمون سيالي كلمات(حروف الفبايي و مقوله هاي معنايي) استفادهگرديديافته ها: بر اساس نتايج اين پژوهش، افراد ناشنوا و شنوا در آزمونهاي يادآوريآزاد، يادآوري با كمك نشانه اسم و مقوله هاي معنايي عملكرد مشابه داشتندولي در آزمونتفاوت دو گروه و آزمون حروف الفبايي يادآوري با كمك نشانهفعلمعنادار بود و افراد ناشنوا در اين آزمونها نقص حافظه نشان دادندهمچنين نتايج حاكي از آناست كه در اكثر موارد مربوط به حافظة رويدادي، دختران از پسران حافظة بهتري داشتندولي در حافظه معنايي و يادآوري آزاد (يادآوري با كمك نشانه اسمتفاوت دو جنس معنادار نبود. نتيجه گيري: براساس اين يافته ها مهمترين نتيجه پژوهشحاضر اين بود كه مشكل افراد ناشنوا عمدتاً در مرحله يادآوري است و چنانچه به آنها حمايتمحيطي(نشانه) داده شود، عملكردي بهتر از افراد عادي خواهند داشت.
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| 4. |
- Shokri, Omid, et al.
(författare)
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Gender and academic stress : a model for moderating effects in cultural context
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Behavioral Science. - : Srinakharinwirot University/Behavioral Science Research Institute. - 1686-1442. ; 7:1, s. 35-42
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction:This study examined the moderating effect of cultural contexts in the relationship between gender and academic stress among male and female Iranian and Swedish university students.Method:The Academic Stress Questionnaire (ASQ) was administered to 212 students (112 Iranian (32 male and 78 female) and 100 Swedish (29 male and 71 female)). Linear Regression analysis was used for data analysis.Results:The results of regression analysis indicated that there was a significant positive correlation between gender and academic stress among Iranian and Swedish students. Results also indicated that the relationship between gender and academic stress was not moderated by cultural context. However, gender was found to be a strong predictor for academic stress for Iranian students in comparison with Swedish ones.Conclusion:Although these findings showed that the relationship between gender and academic stress was not oderated by cultural context, obvious differences in predictive values of standardized regression of academic stress by gender among Iranian and Swedish students support theoretical assumptions underlying transactional theory of stress and expectation theory of sexual role.
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| 5. |
- Tavakoli, M., et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of memory in refractory temporal lobe epilepsy
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Research in Behavioural Sciences. - : The University Of Isfahan. - 1735-2029. ; 9:1, s. 63-69
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim and Background: Evaluation of cognition is fundamental for every comprehensive epilepsy program. This study conducted to assess memory state of patients with refractory temporal lobe epilepsy before decision for epilepsy surgery.Methods and Materials: In a case-control study, 20 patients with right temporal lobe epilepsy and 20 patients with left temporal lobe epilepsy were selected using convenience sampling method in Kashani hospital, Iran and 20 normal people as a control group were randomly selected. Memory state was evaluated using the Wechsler Memory Scale. The results were analyzed using multivariate analysis.Findings: In mental control, logical memory, digit span and visual memory subscales, significant differences were obtained between right-left temporal lobe epilepsy and control group (P < 0.001). However there was not a statistically difference between right lobe temporal epilepsy and left temporal lobe epilepsy in 7 subscales.Conclusions: Our findings indicated the ability of Wechsler Memory Scale to differentiate temporal lobe epilepsy.
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