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- Ericsson, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Обзор мирового рынка железной руды за 2019–2020 годы : [Iron ore market report 2019–2020]
- 2021
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Ingår i: Gornaya Promyshlennost (Russian Mining Industry). - : Scientific and Industrial company 'Gemos Ltd.'. - 1609-9192 .- 2587-9138. ; :1, s. 74-82
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Preliminary figures of global iron ore and steel production in 2020 show a slight decline. The article reviews iron ore production by global companies (Vale, Rio Tinto, BHP, FMG, Anglo American, etc.) in 2019 and 2020, as well as production figures by the leading steel producing countries (China, India, Japan, Russia, USA, South Korea) in 2020. Iron ore imports and exports are also analyzed. It is noted that the global iron ore exports had increased by around 43% over the previous decade, however, they went down by 1.7% in 2019, and this decline in exports continued in 2020. Australia is the largest iron ore exporter with a market share of 55%; this share increased by one percentage point in 2020 compared to the previous year. Green-field projects by global producing companies are presented in Brazil, Australia and other countries. A conclusion is made that despite a 3.5% decline in the global economy forecast by the International Monetary Fund in 2020, it is possible to acknowledge that the iron ore market is well balanced. However, if steel demand and steel production volumes increase unexpectedly and some of the planned new mines are not commissioned, the surplus can quite promptly turn into a deficit. In the long term, the plans to produce steel without using fossil fuels, without coke and therefore without CO2 emissions, could revolutionize the iron ore market and increase the demand for products with a high iron content.
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- Ericsson, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Роль горнодобывающей промышленностив экономике отдельных стран в периодс 1996 по 2016 годы : [Mining’s contribution to national economies between 1996 and 2016]
- 2019
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Ingår i: Russian Mining Industry Journal. - Moskva : Scientific & Industrial company 'Gemos Ltd'. - 1609-9192 .- 2587-9138. ; :6, s. 84-93
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In several low- and middle-income countries rich in non-fuel mineral resources, mining makes significant contributionsto national economic development as measured by the revised Mining Contribution Index (MCI-Wr). 10 countries among the20 countries where mining contribute most (highest MCI-Wr score) have moved up one or two steps in the World Bank’s countryclassification between 1996 and 2016. In particular African countries have benefitted. This paper provides an up-date andexpansion of an earlier study within the framework of the United Nations University (UNU) World Institute for DevelopmentEconomics Research (WIDER) initiative Extractives for Development. Based on the detailed data available for the sector, suchas production, export, prices, mineral rents, exploration expenditure and government revenues an analysis is carried out of thecurrent situation for 2016, and trends in mining’s contribution to economic development for the years 1996-2016. The contributionof minerals and mining to GDP and exports reached a maximum at the peak of the mining boom in 2011. Naturally the figuresfor mining’s contribution had declined for most countries by 2016, but importantly the levels were still considerably higher thanin 1996. The results of this survey contradict the widespread view that mineral resources create a dependency that might not beconducive to economic and social development.
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