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- Svensson, Lennart G., 1944
(författare)
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Nye kontrolformer ændrer tilliden til professioner
- 2005
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Ingår i: Professionsfagenes krise. En udfordring til laerer-, paedagog- og sygeplejerskeuddannelserne (red.) Jensen, Knud. - Köpenhamn : Danmarks Paedagogiske Universitetsforlag. - 8776130487 ; , s. 53-86
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Trust and legitimacy are fundamental issues, deeply concerning knowledge-based occupations as a service class and as professional groups. For almost three decades in Western countries, professionalism as occupational control and discretion have again been challenged by the logic of free market and the logic of rational management. These alterations have been connected on the one hand to decentralisation, deregulation, and the introduction of forms more or less resembling free market, and on the other hand new forms of organisation, management and audit. The process of deregulating higher education has created less comprehensive professional education programmes and less comprehensive credentials as bases for licensing. Payment by results in more narrow units and divisions has strongly economised the discourse at work, which is enforced by extensive accounting and auditing, and which moves the legitimacy from credentials to results and from professionals to managers. Marketisation has large variations between service areas, and it seems to be less suitable with contracting and markets in human service, where the “products” are less commodified. Managerialism is increasing as work organisations are becoming more complete in terms of identity, hierarchy and rationality. Higher degree of organisation in public welfare service institutions by marketisation and managerialism, partly replacing professionalism, emphasises again the need of organisational analyses of professional occupations and their institutions. There is also a possible new mix of trust in occupations and their performances compared to their corresponding institutions. Institutional ethics is proposed as one important response from the discourse of professionalism to enforce trust and legitimacy.
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- Hellman, Anette, 1963
(författare)
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Ideal Caring Bodies : On the Intersections between Religion and Gender in ECEC
- 2022
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Ingår i: The Routledge International Handbook of the Place of Religion in Early Childhood Education and Care. - London : Routledge. - 9781003017783 ; , s. 72-82
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Researchers within the field of intersectionality have stressed the importance for researchers to recognize and analyse power structures that might be less visible. I will argue that religion needs to be further understood and analysed as previous research on religion in ECEC so far has been quite marginalized or understood as aspects of diversity, multicultural education or as aspects of national tradition. At the same time, norms, values, and traditions in ECEC practice and in national policy documents have integrated Lutheran Christianity; even if the state is secular, religious events are understood as cultural heritage and national traditions rather than religion. I will further argue that intersectional analysis within the field of religion is needed. As I will exemplify in this chapter, this is especially true in terms of intersections between gender, care, and religion in ECEC. The aim of the chapter is to highlight theoretical and conceptual issues related to intersectional understandings of gender and religion in societal ECEC. I will do so by giving some examples from Swedish ECEC, where actions performed by people from other religions than the Lutheran Christianity are understood as ‘religion’ and – as in the case with women performing Islam using a dress code with/without a face covering vale – as ‘too much religion’ in need of a ban.
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- Beccalli, Elena, et al.
(författare)
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Artificial Intelligence and Ethics in Portfolio Management
- 2020
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Ingår i: Agrifoglio R., Lamboglia R., Mancini D., Ricciardi F. (eds) Digital Business Transformation. Lecture Notes in Information Systems and Organisation, vol 38.. - Cham : Springer. - 9783030473556 ; , s. 19-30
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This work in progress aims to explore ethical dilemmas connected to the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in financial portfolio management, and their managerial implications. In old school quantitative investing, portfolio allocation decisions are typically based on a well-defined investment strategy. Financial portfolio managers devise and apply investment strategies to maximize expected returns for customers’ portfolios. The introduction of AI-enhanced algorithms enables smart machines to automatically revise and update investment strategies, learning from the past. AI itself might produce significant effects on the gains and losses of the portfolio management strategies, raising ethical dilemmas connected with human versus machine responsibility, accountability, and risk. From the managerial point of view, a new dimension of performance measuring, competence evaluation and incentive allocation is required for managing AI software developers in this area. To explore such dilemmas, empirical evidence is drawn here from MDOTM, an innovative and successful young enterprise developing AI-driven investment strategies for financial markets.
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