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Sökning: hsv:(SAMHÄLLSVETENSKAP) > (1975-1999) > Forskningsöversikt

  • Resultat 1-10 av 32
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1.
  • Ahlborg, Gunnar, 1948 (författare)
  • Physical work load and pregnancy outcome
  • 1995
  • Ingår i: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - 1076-2752. ; 37:8, s. 941-4
  • Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Pronounced physical exertion may influence intraabdominal pressure and uterine blood flow, hormonal balance, and nutritional status, all of which are important determinants of embryonic and fetal development and survival. Most of the epidemiologic evidence of reproductive effects from occupational physical activity concerns gestational age/premature birth, birth weight/intrauterine growth retardation, and spontaneous abortion. Strenuous work, especially when involving long hours of standing and walking, seems to increase the risk of preterm delivery. The effect on intrauterine growth and spontaneous abortion risk is less clear. As a single factor, heavy lifting has in most circumstances not been associated with a significantly increased risk of these outcomes. In general, heavy work duties should be avoided, and enough rest periods assured, especially in late pregnancy.
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2.
  • Ahlborg, Gunnar, 1948, et al. (författare)
  • Reproductive effects of chemical exposures in health professions
  • 1995
  • Ingår i: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - 1076-2752. ; 37:8, s. 957-61
  • Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Numerous chemical substances are handled by persons working in the health care sector. At exposure levels that may occur in the occupational setting, some of these substances are potentially harmful to the reproductive processes. Among the potentially harmful substances are anesthetic gases, antineoplastic agents, and sterilants. The epidemiological evidence of increased risks for adverse reproductive effects (eg, subfertility, spontaneous abortions, congenital defects) from such exposure is not unequivocal. However, due to the toxic potential, exposures should be kept at a minimum, and this may be especially important for workers who are pregnant or are planning to achieve pregnancy.
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3.
  • Elzinga, Aant, 1937, et al. (författare)
  • Changing Policy Agendas in Science and Technology
  • 1995
  • Ingår i: Handbook of Science and Technology Studies ed. by Sheila Jasanoff et al. (London: Sage). ; , s. 572-592
  • Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)
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4.
  • Elzinga, Aant, 1937 (författare)
  • Reflections on Research Evaluation
  • 1995
  • Ingår i: Science Studies (Helsinki). ; 8:1 (Feb.), s. 5-23
  • Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)
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  • Hultman, Johan (författare)
  • Approaches and Methods in Urban Ecology
  • 1993
  • Ingår i: Geografiska Annaler. Series B. Human Geography. - 1468-0467. ; 75:1, s. 41-49
  • Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
    • In this article, different approaches to the field of urban ecology are distinguished. The focus lies on the approach characterized by looking at the city as an ecological system, since this view has given rise to the most fruitful discussion from a social geographical perspective. Further, references are made to four studies of applied urban ecology with short summaries of the most important conclusions. The perspective in the paper is mainly Swedish, but international outlooks are incorporated. The city is placed in a context where the urban landscape is part of a larger production/consumption landscape in which all anthropogenic endeavours must be taken into account. In relation to a key concept that has been established during the last decade, cyclic material flows, the need to scrutinize smaller organizational units than the city is implied. Hereby, the household is forwarded as a significant subject for future urban ecological research. The paper also deals with the possible dangers of letting practical urban ecological projects progress without firm foundations in theoretical work. The characters of environmental problems change continually and contemporary solutions may soon become obsolete. This can be shown for the city during the last centuries, e.g. concerning waste treatment, sewage systems and fossil fuel transport. To avoid further short-term remedies at the cost of an escalated set of long-term problems, it is necessary to learn from experience and put greater effort into combining action with thought.
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