| 1. |
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Anatomy of a 21st-century sustainability project: The untold stories
- 2020
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (refereegranskat)abstract
- What does a sustainability project look like in the 21st century? Not the glossy version, but the naked truth? Tired of manicured, over-theorised accounts of the ‘musts’ and ‘shoulds’ of sustainability transitions, we got to the bottom of things; actually, to the very bottom of the project hierarchy: the individual. Our point of departure is that projects are nothing but temporarily interconnected people. This means that if we don’t know what people do and what they think about their work, we will never be able to create a deeper understanding of the project, its rationale and future impact. Making use of the autoethnographic method, this book provides critical insights into what it’s like being part of a 21st-century project. Building on unfiltered first-hand contributions from 73 authors representing the five organs of a project’s anatomy – the brain (theoreticians), the skeleton (leaders), the limbs (strategists), the heart (local stakeholders) and the lungs (researchers) – the book covers all the important aspects of contemporary project-making: (1) projectification as a societal phenomenon; (2) sustainability as the main project buzzword; (3) transdisciplinarity as a hot working method; (4) economy as the invisible project propeller; (5) space as the contextual project qualifier; (6) gender and integration as the obstinate orphans of project-making; (7) trends as the villains of thoughtless project mimicry; (8) politics as the “necessary evil” of projects; and (9) knowledge production as the cornerstone of all project work. The book ends with an extensive critical analysis of what makes a project tick and how to avoid project failure. We infer that talking about project outcomes and impacts is just that… talking. What makes a difference is what can be done to the project in itself. Three important virtues – the ABC of project-making – emanate from this book’s 40 chapters: building good relationships (Affinity), having the guts to make a change (Bravery), and showing willingness to learn (Curiosity). These are the basis for the successful execution of future sustainability projects, where complexity, unpredictability and desperation will become a staple force to recon with. The original contribution of this book is to shed light on the silent triumphs and hidden pathologies of everyday project-making in an effort to elevate individual knowledge to a level of authority for solving the wicked – yet project-infused – problems of our time.
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| 2. |
- Berlin, Cecilia, 1981, et al.
(författare)
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Change Agent Infrastructure (CHAI) – a Stakeholder Analysis Tool for Ergonomics- and Work Environment- Related Change Projects
- 2017
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Ingår i: Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 2194-5365 .- 2194-5357. ; 498:2017, s. 715-726
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper is a short communication introducing a novel method forstakeholder analysis, Change Agent Infrastructure (CHAI). The method isspecifically developed in the context of ergonomics/work environment-relatedchange projects and is meant for early stages of change projects. It mapspotential stakeholders against eight distinct “roles” that have been found inprevious research to facilitate or hinder workplace change. Mapping the“decision dilemmas” that stakeholders may face, as well as identifying over- orunderrepresented roles, may benefit the change project in terms of determininginformation needs and how the project team should be staffed. The method hasbeen iteratively developed and tested in educational and research projects. Themethod is visual, participative and helps to clarify the various participants’understanding of the change at hand and what it means for them – thiscontributes positively to information strategies and decisions that facilitates theplanning and execution of a sustainable change.
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| 3. |
- von Wieding, Sönke, et al.
(författare)
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Drivers and barriers to business-to-business carsharing for work trips – A case study of Gothenburg, Sweden
- 2022
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Ingår i: Case Studies on Transport Policy. - : Elsevier Ltd. - 2213-624X .- 2213-6258. ; 10:4, s. 2330-2336
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Carsharing is an important element in the transition to a more sustainable transport system. In contrast to the widely studied business-to-consumer (B2C) market segment, studies on Business-to-business (B2B) carsharing and its impacts are limited. This paper analyses the factors that drive and hinder organisations from using B2B carsharing for their employees’ work trips. The paper takes a case study approach, analysing B2B carsharing use for local work-trips at seven employers in Gothenburg, Sweden, based on interviews with employers, property owners, and carsharing operators. Our results indicate that carsharing services can contribute to reducing the employers’ costs for work-trips, ensuring the sustainability and safety of the employee's work-trips, as well as increasing the employer's workplace attractivity. However, carsharing services are currently used only to a very limited extent. Obstacles that limit a greater use of carsharing services are employers’ lack of data on the employees’ work travel patterns, little economic incentives for employers, as well as parking management and travel policies that favour the use of the private car.
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| 4. |
- Kotze, Shelley, 1986, et al.
(författare)
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Ticking boxes and clocking in: A critical view of gender mainstreaming in labour-market integration
- 2021
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Ingår i: Norsk Geografisk Tidsskrift. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0029-1951 .- 1502-5292. ; 75:3, s. 171-186
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mainstreaming is a popular approach when seeking to address societal inequalities. Gender and migrant integration are mainstreamed within EU policy, both seeking to increase labour market participation as a means to redress inequality. However, there are limited references to migrant women within gender equality or integration policies at the EU level. The study dissects a subset of migrant integration projects in Sweden – a country lauded for having Europe’s best integration policy while exhibiting the poorest results. The authors used non-participant observation and semi-structured interviews to identify pitfalls such as embedded stereotyping, undervaluation of cultural motivations, gender-washing, and methodological misalignment. Their findings show that gender and integration mainstreaming within the EU systematically position migrant women as a problem, despite the significantly important role they play within global labour markets. The authors conclude that migrant women may need to be included within gender and integration policy beyond the labour market.
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| 5. |
- Alänge, Sverker, 1951, et al.
(författare)
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From job-less growth to growth-with-less-jobs: Employment and equity impact of technical and organisational change
- 1996
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Ingår i: Science and Public Policy. - 1471-5430 .- 0302-3427. ; 23:1, s. 27-38
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- New technical innovations in the form of new production technologies are known to affect productivity, but organisational innovations and new ways of designing products have now been found to have a profound influence on productivity. These innovations have moved the industrialised countries into a stage in which industrial growth is accompanied by the continuous reduction in industrial employment. This development will greatly influence our society and put stringent demands on our political decision-making apparatus to avoid a growth in the 'wealth of nations' going hand-in-hand with a growth in poverty.
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| 6. |
- Berlin, Cecilia, 1981
(författare)
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Proaktiv bedömning av kognitiva och mentala arbetsbelastningskrav och resurser i manuell montering - PreKo-modellen
- 2021
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Projektet ”Modell för prediktiv bedömning av kognitiv belastning” (”PreKo”, dnr. 170018) genomfördes 2018-2021 och syftade till att sammanställa vetenskaplig och empirisk kunskap om kognitiv och mental belastning i sammanhanget taktad industriell montering av komplexa produkter. Målet var att skapa underlag för rådgivning kring utformning av såväl monteringsuppgifter och instruktioner som av monterbara komponenter. Föreliggande rapport ger översiktliga resultat av projektet ”Modell för prediktiv bedömning av kognitiv belastning - PreKo”. Detaljerade resultat återges i separata vetenskapliga publikationer. Det praktiska slutresultatet av projektet är en framåtsyftande, holistisk och systemorienterad ”bedömningschecklista” som vi kallar PreKo-modellen. Denna modell stöttar olika roller i tillverkande företag i att kartlägga möjliga kognitiva/mentala sund och lagom utmanande belastning, som främjar montörernas trivsel och motivation i arbetet samt hög monteringskvalitet. Modellen och det tillhörande verktyget ”PRECO I” är tänkt att hjälpa företag att analysera förutsättningarna för montörers välmående och prestation samt identifiera krav och resurser från ett flertal systemnivåer (konstruktionen, monteringsstationen, produktionsflödet, inlärning och instruktioner, arbetslaget och övriga krav/resurser). För att få insikt i alla dessa aspekter, som ibland är organisatoriskt och geografiskt separerade på vissa företag, förespråkar modellen att ett flertal bedömare som representerar olika roller (erfaren montör, oerfaren montör, konstruktör, produktionsberedare och ergonom/arbetsmiljöansvarig) för att genomföra bedömningen. Eftersom checklistan bygger på litteraturstudier och en intervjustudie så syftar modellen i nuläget inte till att kvantifiera och mätakognitiv/mental belastning; i stället bör modellen användas som ett praktiskt orienterande scanningverktyg. Projektet utfördes av ett kärnteam av forskare kopplade till Chalmers Tekniska Högskola i Göteborg. Projektet omfattade en informell litteraturstudie; en intervjustudie med tre industriella företag; medverkande i ett flertal forum där företagen och andra intressenter delgavs preliminära resultat löpande under projektet; samt ett antal konferenspresentationer och vetenskapliga publikationer. Covid 19-pandemin under våren 2020 till hösten 2021 påverkade delvis projektets genomförande, dock endast till lindrig grad. Några planerade intervjustudier behövde ställas in pga. utbrottet, som begränsade möjligheten att kunna ta nya intervjupersoners tid i anspråk. Dock gjorde forskarlaget bedömningen att det insamlade antalet intervjuer (75 totalt, varav 50 med montörer och resten med konstruktörer och beredare) totalt sett är tillräckligt för att understödja våra resultat och slutsatser, med givna förbehåll om att studien är i huvudsak kvalitativ och att fokuset hålls på kognitiv och mental belastning hos montörer på industriella monteringsföretag. Vissa personalrelaterade omständigheter och ett internt ekonomiskt sparbeting på Chalmers Tekniska Högskola under 2019-2021 påverkade också delvis projektets bemanning och genomförande, men anställning säkrades för kritiska projektmedlemmar fram till projektets verksamhetsslut.
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| 7. |
- Berlin, Cecilia, 1981, et al.
(författare)
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Production Ergonomics: Designing Work Systems to Support Optimal Human Performance
- 2017
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Production ergonomics – the science and practice of designing industrial workplaces to optimize human well-being and system performance – is a complex challenge for a designer. Humans are a valuable and flexible resource in any system of creation, and as long as they stay healthy, alert and motivated, they perform well and also become more competent over time, which increases their value as a resource. However, if a system designer is not mindful or aware of the many threats to health and system performance that may emerge, the end result may include inefficiency, productivity losses, low working morale, injuries and sick-leave.To help budding system designers and production engineers tackle these design challenges holistically, this book offers a multi-faceted orientation in the prerequisites for healthy and effective human work. We will cover physical, cognitive and organizational aspects of ergonomics, and provide both the individual human perspective and that of groups and populations, ending up with a look at global challenges that require workplaces to become more socially and economically sustainable. This book is written to give you a warm welcome to the subject, and to provide a solid foundation for improving industrial workplaces to attract and retain healthy and productive staff in the long run.
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| 8. |
- Björk, Sofia, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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Choosing to Work Part-Time – Combinations of Motives and the Role of Preferences and Constraints
- 2020
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology. - : Stockholm University Press. - 2002-2867. ; 5:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article aims to contribute to the understanding of motives for part-time work and discuss the role of preferences and constraints by studying combinations of motives for part-time work in a case where the scope for preferences is great. The data was derived from a survey of full-time employees in a Swedish municipality who have opted to work part-time with lower salary. Eight groups of part-time workers with different combinations of motives were identified using cluster analysis. Although formally all of these employees were voluntarily working part-time, to a greater or lesser extent the preference for part-time can be understood as an accommodation to constraints for all of the eight clusters. Even though the motives were complex, for many, part-time work was a strategy to cope with a high workload in relation to their own health and capacity.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Gluch, Pernilla, 1968, et al.
(författare)
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Conceptualizing environmental expertise through the lens of institutional work
- 2016
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Ingår i: Construction Management and Economics. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1466-433X .- 0144-6193. ; 34:7-8, s. 522-635
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although a growing number of environmental experts have entered the scene within the Architecture Engineering and Construction (AEC) industry, studies of environmental experts’ role and agency remain limited. In order to gain more clarity regarding the agency of environmental experts in relation to construction project practice the theoretical lens of institutional work is applied. A multidimensional framework, linking agency with three forms of institutional work, is used in a conceptual discussion on how environmental experts adopt various types of agency to influence institutional change towards a sustainable development of the AEC industry. Due to the fragmented and distributed project-based environment, the application of institutional work in the AEC industry uncovers tensions between various forms of institutional work processes. A dynamic model is therefore suggested to capture these tensions. Besides illustrating tensions, the model envisions the locked-in maintaining of institutions performed by iterative and practical-evaluative agency.
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