| 1. |
- Höglund, Kristine, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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Winning the peace : Conflict prevention after a victor's peace in Sri Lanka
- 2011
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Ingår i: Contemporary Social Science. - : Informa UK Limited. - 2158-2041 .- 2158-205X. ; 6:1, s. 19-37
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- How can a relapse into violent conflict be prevented in Sri Lanka? This article examines how the caseof Sri Lanka effectively exposes the limitations of the international discourse and practice of conflictprevention. Conflict prevention in Sri Lanka has to take place within a global and domestic contextwhich is largely unaccounted for in the conflict-prevention literature and policy discourse. Changesin the international power balance over the last decade have decreased the room of manoeuvre foractors such as the United States and European Union while giving Asian powers such as China—with a different approach to conflict prevention—more influence over domestic policies in countrieslike Sri Lanka. Moreover, the conflict prevention discourse and ‘tools’ tend to assume a negotiatedpeace agreement where the conflict parties have an interest in preventing conflicts rather thanmerely suppressing them. The significant power asymmetry between the winning and the losingsides in the Sri Lankan conflict, coupled with the lack of power or interest of international actorsto influence Sri Lanka’s domestic affairs—have rendered ‘conflict prevention’ a tool for continueddomination and containment of conflicts. The article further highlights the risks that conflictpreventionmeasures may exacerbate conflict or undermine other conflict-prevention measures. Anumber of challenges for conflict prevention—in the areas of (1) demilitarisation/militarisation,(2) political power sharing, (3) justice and reconciliation, and (4) post-war reconstruction andeconomic development—are addressed.
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| 2. |
- Orjuela, Camilla, 1972
(författare)
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Diaspora har blivit ett modeord
- 2008
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Ingår i: www.utrikesbloggen.se. ; :24 februari
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Toronto har en av världens mest mångkulturella befolkningar – nästan tre fjärdedelar är första eller andra generationens invandrare. Männen som är ute på garageinfarterna och kör med sina snöskottningsmaskiner och barnen som pulsar till skolan i snowboots kommer från Kina och Sri Lanka, från Armenien och Somalia.
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| 3. |
- Orjuela, Camilla, 1972
(författare)
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Högt pris för civila i Sri Lankas inbördeskrig
- 2008
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Ingår i: www.utrikesbloggen.se. ; :17 januari
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Igår upphör avtalet om vapenvila mellan Sri Lankas regering och den tamilska tiger-gerillan (LTTE) i Sri Lanka. Avtalet ingicks 2002 med medlarhjälp från Norge. Att Sri Lankas regering nu sagt upp det är mest en formalitet, kriget är redan ett faktum. De båda parternas retorik om att vilja förhandla sig till en lösning har ekat allt tommare i takt med att våldet trappats upp och antalet civila offer ökat. Att Sri Lankas regering valt att säga upp avtalet är delvis ett utslag av en inrikespolitisk maktkamp – hårdare tag mot gerillan har visat sig ge regeringen väljarsympatier och stöd från viktiga samarbetspartier. Men det visar också på den tro regeringen har på sin förmåga att vinna kriget.
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| 4. |
- Orjuela, Camilla, 1972
(författare)
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Kanada profilerar sig som fredsnation
- 2008
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Ingår i: www.utrikesbloggen.se. ; :4 april
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Precis som Sverige är Kanada ett land som invånare och politiker gärna beskriver med adjektiv som ”tryggt”, ”fredligt” och ”jämställt”. Man har systembolag och säkerhetskontrollerade lekplatser och alla under 16 tar lydigt på sig sin cykelhjälm. Kanadas säkerhetspolitik präglas givetvis av närheten till USA – världens supermakt och ledande vapenproducent och konsument. USA står för 46 procent av världens militärutgifter. Afghanistankriget är ett av flera kostsamma projekt under rubriken ”kampen mot terrorismen”. Efter mer än sex år av kamp i Afghanistan fortsätter kriget. 82 döda kanadensare hittills. Soldatmödrar, flickvänner och en skeptisk allmänhet måste ständigt påminnas av vikten att inte svika de "befriade” afghanerna.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Orjuela, Camilla, 1972, et al.
(författare)
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Memory and justice after famines: an introduction
- 2023
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Ingår i: Third World Quarterly. - 0143-6597 .- 1360-2241. ; 45:2, s. 247-258
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Famines in the Global South have claimed staggering numbers of lives, but are rarely the focus of scholarship on, or practices of, memorialisation and justice. The articles in this collection investigate how past famines have been dealt with – or silenced – in Cabo Verde, China, Brazil, East Timor/Timor-Leste, Ethiopia, India, Iran, Nigeria and Rwanda. This introductory essay first discusses why famines and hunger should be conceptualised as violence and mass atrocities, caused by human action. Thereafter, we outline some of the main insights that have emerged from the collection of articles. We show how and why mass starvation is often written out of official accounts of history, famine victims are rarely publicly commemorated and those responsible are not brought to justice. Yet the contributions also highlight that efforts to represent and commemorate famines, and to seek justice, take place in many – sometimes unexpected – spaces. The silence around historical famines may be broken in official justice processes or statements by powerholders, or through initiatives and practices ‘from below’, including in social media, songs and artistic work.
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| 8. |
- Karabegović, Dženeta, et al.
(författare)
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Diasporas in Peace and Conflict
- 2021
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Ingår i: The Palgrave Encyclopedia of Peace and Conflict Studies. - Cham : Palgrave.
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Armed conflicts do not only generate migration but are also influenced by migrants. “Diaspora” has emerged as a popular term of self-identification as well as academic analysis. It is widely recognized that diaspora groups and individuals are important actors in global politics, including in relation to armed conflicts and post-conflict reconstruction processes. Diaspora refers broadly to those people who live outside of what they see as their homeland and who continue to be concerned about the developments “back home.” A diaspora is, however, not a static and objective category, but is better understood as a consciousness and set of practices that are mobilized. The desire to engage in homeland politics is often particularly acute when there is insecurity and war there, and when the diaspora itself is a result of forced displacement. The diaspora label embraces a hugely diverse group of people and activities, which can contribute to conflict and peace in many different ways, including within the group itself. Some diaspora groups and individuals provide economic support to armed actors, others return to take up arms themselves, and yet others engage in political campaigns, canvass for human rights, take initiatives towards dialogue, invest in postwar reconstruction, or initiate projects towards transitional justice, reconciliation, and memorialization. In a globalized world, transnational forces such as diasporas are essential to understand if we wish to grasp nuanced dynamics of peace and conflict.
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| 9. |
- Karabegović, Dženeta, et al.
(författare)
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Seeking Justice from Abroad: Diasporas and Transitional Justice
- 2021
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Ingår i: Routledge International Handbook of Diaspora Diplomacy. - : Routledge. - 9781003031468
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Transitional justice (TJ) has emerged as a key global norm and set of mechanisms for societies to come to terms with a past of mass atrocities. Legal measures to hold perpetrators accountable, attempts to seek the truth about and acknowledge past human rights abuses, and compensation for victims and memorialization are all part of the TJ repertoire. This chapter discusses the engagement of diasporas in transitional justice. It looks at how TJ has become globalized as victims, perpetrators and activists are dispersed globally through migration, leading contestation around how the past should be dealt with to take place in various sites outside the country in which the atrocities happened. The chapter gives examples of diaspora attempts at influencing TJ processes in the home country, TJ activities initiated by diasporas as well as attempts at holding diaspora-based perpetrators accountable. It discusses the various ways in which diaspora actors influence TJ processes – but also recognizes that TJ processes shape diaspora mobilization and identity.
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| 10. |
- Orjuela, Camilla, 1972
(författare)
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Diaspora Memory Conflicts: Struggles Over Genocide Commemoration, Recognition and Denial
- 2023
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Ingår i: Ethnopolitics. - 1744-9057. ; 22:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This contribution analyses conflicts around genocide memory in the diaspora. It shows how Assyrian/Syriac initiatives to create memorials to the 1915 genocide has triggered reactions by Turkish diaspora groups and the Turkish government. The Rwandan government, in contrast, has mobilized its diaspora to fight denial of Rwanda’s 1994 genocide, while other diaspora activists draw attention to—and create commemorative practices around—other, silenced, mass-atrocities. The text discusses the opportunities for victimhood recognition and memorialization offered in the diaspora, and how genocide memory conflicts intertwine with foreign policy matters and national and local politics in the country of settlement.
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