| 1. |
- Amuakwa-Mensah, Franklin, et al.
(författare)
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Re-examining the Determinants of Non-Performing Loans in Ghana’s Banking Industry: Role of the 2007–2009 Financial Crisis
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of African Business. - : Routledge. - 1522-8916 .- 1522-9076. ; 18:3, s. 357-379
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper uses robust econometric methods to estimate the determinants of non-performing loans (NPLs) with a specific focus on the role of the 2007–2009 financial crisis in explaining NPLs in the banking industry of Ghana. Findings suggest that non-performing loans are significantly affected by bank-specific, industry, and macroeconomic variables. We observed heterogeneity in the determinants of NPLs for sub-samples of the data. The effect of the financial crisis on NPLs is observed to be conditional on the level of credit risk in our sub-sample analysis. The results from the impulse response corroborate that of the regression estimation.
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| 2. |
- Ejdemo, Thomas, et al.
(författare)
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Möjligheter och hinder för en grön energiomställning : erfarenheter från andra regioner med lärdomar för Norrbotten
- 2017
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Denna rapport har tagits fram inom ramen för projektet Gröna energiinvesteringar som finan-sieras av Europeiska regionala utvecklingsfonden, Region Norrbotten, Länsstyrelsen i Norr-bottens län och Energimyndigheten. Projektet har drivits av Energikontor Norr i samverkan med Luleå tekniska universitet (Energiteknik, Nationalekonomi samt Entreprenörskap och Innovation) och Företagarna Norrbotten.Syftet med rapporten är att (a) öka förståelsen för de mervärden som kan uppstå regionalt och lokalt av en omställning av energisystemet och vilka hinder som kan finnas för en sådan omställning; samt att (b) identifiera olika former av strategier, styrmedel och affärsmodeller som kan bidra till realiserandet av nya hållbara energillösningar. Detta åstadkoms genom att konsultera och syntetisera relevanta erfarenheter från tidigare energiomställningsprocesser, samt genom att diskutera förutsättningarna för en sådan omställning i Norrbotten.Rapporten innehåller tre huvudsakliga delar. Den första delen är generell och baseras på erfarenheter och lärdomar från andra regioner och länder. Här diskuteras hinder för hållbara energiprojekt, med fokus på betydelsen av goda finansieringsmöjligheter, förutsättningar för etablerandet av ny teknologi samt hinder i form av sociala konstruktioner såsom stereotypa föreställningar om kön, etnicitet etc. En fallstudie av de hinder som kan försvåra ett ökat utnyttjande av industriell överskottsvärme belyser en rad faktorer som är viktiga att hantera i många former av samverkansprojekt på energiområdet. Den första delen av rapporten beskriver också hur hållbara energiprojekt kan bidra till regional ekonomisk utveckling, och identifierar vilka faktorer som påverkar hur stora dessa effekter kan bli. En viktig lärdom är att positiva spridningseffekter på den lokala ekonomin inte alltid sker automatiskt; olika åtgärder och strategier för att förstärka dessa effekter är ofta viktiga. Därför diskuteras även ett antal sådana strategier, t.ex. fondlösningar, lokalt ägande, gräsrotsfinansiering, samt olika strategier som syftar till att aktivt stärka de aktörsnätverk som behöver växa fram kring de nya projekten.Rapportens andra del vänder blicken mot Norrbotten, och diskuterar förutsättningarna för att en hållbar energiomställning med betydande mervärden för den ekonomiska utvecklingen kan åstadkommas i länet. Dessa förutsättningar beskrivs med utgångspunkt i de existerande strategier som finns för att stimulera regional ekonomisk tillväxt; en gemensam nämnare för dessa är att de pekar på möjligheterna att förena regionala tillväxtmål med en hållbar energiomställning. Här diskuteras även de regionala förutsättningarna för inkluderande, inte minst jämställd, innovation i länet.I rapportens tredje och avslutande del sammanfattas de viktigaste lärdomarna från rapporten. Här tydliggörs relevansen av de tidigare erfarenheterna och lärdomarna för det regionala sammanhanget, och vi diskuterar, med utgångspunkt i intervjuer av projektägare, erfarenheter rörande hinder, mervärden, strategier etc. från sju olika energiprojekt som följts och studerats i projektet Gröna energiinvesteringar. I ett avslutande kapitel lyfts ett antal viktiga lärdomar och rekommendationer för det fortsatta energiomställningsarbetet i länet fram.
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| 3. |
- Abu Hatab, Assem, et al.
(författare)
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COVID-19 risk perception and public compliance with preventive measures : Evidence from a multi-wave household survey in the MENA region
- 2023
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 18:7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study investigates the association between individuals’ concern about contracting COVID-19 and their compliance with recommended preventive and mitigation measures, namely wearing face masks, maintaining social distancing and handwashing, in the context of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. The empirical analysis is based on a panel dataset from the Combined COVID-19 MENA Monitor Household Survey, which was carried out in Jordan, Morocco, Sudan, Tunisia and Egypt. Applying a probit estimation technique, a positive and statistically significant association was found between the level of COVID-19 worries and individuals’ compliance with the mitigation measures. Notably, the results revealed that this association followed a “first-up-then-down” trend, showing that compliance with the three mitigation measures rose as individuals’ worries about contracting the virus increased, and then markedly decreased after they had been infected. Socio-demographic characteristics contributing to lower levels of compliance included being male, being over 60, having lower levels of education and having a lower household income. A cross-country analysis revealed remarkable differences between the five countries, with the strongest association between COVID-19 concerns and adherence to mitigation measures observed in Tunisia and Sudan, and the weakest association seen in Jordan and Morocco. Policy implications are outlined for effective risk communication and management during disease outbreaks and public health emergencies to encourage appropriate public health behaviours.
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| 4. |
- Baumann, Henrikke, 1964, et al.
(författare)
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Switching the focus from product function to business profit: Introducing Business Model LCA (BM-LCA)
- 2022
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Ingår i: Proceedings of LCM 2021. - : EDP Sciences. ; 349
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recent years have seen much interest in business models as vehicles towards sustainability, cf. [1]. Conventional LCA, however, fails to properly capture the environmental impacts of a business model. Here, we introduce the background and the principles of Business Model LCA, a new LCA methodology for the assessment of environmental performance of business models. Methodological innovations are based on an understanding of the difference and relatedness between product and business. The key innovation is that BM-LCA centres its analysis on the ’business model’ instead of the ’product function’ as in conventional LCA. This requires the functional unit to represent the business (e.g., as ‘profit per time unit’) and the need to couple the monetary flows of the business to the material and energy flows of the product system via a set of ’coupling’ equations. BM-LCA contributes to environmental business analysis and could open up a new avenue of research where LCA and business analysts collaborate on business model innovation for sustainability.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Hellsmark, Hans, 1974, et al.
(författare)
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Innovation System Strengths and Weaknesses in Progressing Sustainable Technology : The Case of Swedish Biorefinery Development
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Cleaner Production. - : Elsevier BV. - 0959-6526 .- 1879-1786. ; 131, s. 702-715
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Based on the combination of economic challenges and uncertain policy conditions in the United States, European Union, and elsewhere, the development of advanced biorefineries has progressed slower than anticipated. This has delayed the transition to a more sustainable and less carbon-intensive economy. In this article, we adopt the technological innovation system (TIS) approach to analyze advanced biorefinery development in Sweden, a front-runner country in current development. The analysis highlights a number of system strengths (e.g., long-term research funding; significant research infrastructure; strong actor networks) that have contributed to developing the Swedish TIS, but also important system weaknesses (e.g., weak coordination among ministries; lack of industrial absorptive capacity; unclear roles) inhibiting it. The article highlights a combination of four policy measures that build on the system strengths to address the system weaknesses: (a) the implementation of a deployment policy for creating domestic niche markets; (b) improved policy timing and more structured coordination among different governmental agencies; (c) the provision of stronger incentives for mature industries to invest in R&D and improve their absorptive capacity; and (d) improved organization and financing of existing research infrastructure. In addition to the empirical contribution, the article contributes with novel insights into the TIS framework by highlighting the dynamics between system strengths and weaknesses, and suggests that system strengths should be better emphasized in future TIS studies
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Malmström, Malin, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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When stereotypical gender notions see the light of day, will they burst? : Venture capitalists' gender constructions versus venturing performance facts
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Business Venturing Insights. - New York : Elsevier. - 2352-6734. ; 9, s. 32-38
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although often discussed, there has been limited effort to match venture capitalists’ construction of gender notions with specific facts about the entrepreneurs’ venturing activities. This study shows how stereotypical gender notions of both men and women entrepreneurs are embedded in venture capitalists’ assessments and analyses as well as explores whether or not these notions have substance based on actual performance. Drawing on interview data and statistical analysis of objective key performance information from accounting reports, we identify four myths in the evaluations of 126 venture capital applications for governmental capital that do not have any significant empirical substance. We discuss these findings’ implications for the study of myths in women's entrepreneurship.
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| 9. |
- Mossberg, Johanna, et al.
(författare)
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Managerial and organizational challenges encountered in the development of sustainable technology : Analysis of Swedish biorefinery pilot and demonstration plants
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Cleaner Production. - : Elsevier Ltd. - 0959-6526 .- 1879-1786. ; 276
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Pilot and demonstration plants (PDPs) perform critical tasks in the development of new sustainable technology by bridging basic knowledge generation and large-scale commercialization. Significant private and public funding has therefore been allocated to PDPs addressing climate change, pollution abatement technology and/or increased resource efficiency. After technology verification, PDPs typically struggle with evolving objectives, and reports of stalled or delayed development are common. Key problems may center on technical difficulties, but challenges of a non-technical nature are equally important, not least for the development of clean technology. This paper draws on a longitudinal case study of four PDPs used for advanced biorefinery technology development in Sweden and delineates the key managerial and organizational challenges that arise in and around such plants. By taking the actor networks around PDPs as the main unit of analysis, this paper gives a detailed description of various challenges, such as the division of responsibility for the operation and ownership of the PDPs, unclear roles and objectives, and the lack of specific competences and resources in the actor networks. One important conclusion is that improved knowledge about such challenges should increase the resilience of actor networks in and around PDPs, and also help shorten the formative phase of developing sustainable technology. © 2020 The Authors
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| 10. |
- Söderholm, Patrik, 1968-, et al.
(författare)
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Technological development for sustainability : The role of network management in the innovation policy mix
- 2019
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Ingår i: Technological forecasting & social change. - : Elsevier. - 0040-1625 .- 1873-5509. ; 138, s. 309-323
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Despite the key role of actor networks in progressing new sustainable technologies, there is a shortage of conceptual knowledge on how policy can help strengthen collaborative practices in such networks. The objective of this paper is to analyze the roles of such policies – so-called network management – throughout the entire technological development processes. The analysis draws on the public management and sustainability transitions literatures, and discusses how various network characteristics could affect the development of sustainable technologies, including how different categories of network management strategies could be deployed to influence actor collaborations. The paper's main contribution is an analytical framework that addresses the changing roles of network management at the interface between various phases of the technological development process, illustrated with the empirical case of advanced biorefinery technology development in Sweden. Furthermore, the analysis also addresses some challenges that policy makers are likely to encounter when pursuing network management strategies, and identifies a number of negative consequences of ignoring such instruments in the innovation policy mix. The latter include inefficient actor role-taking, the emergence of small, ineffective and competing actor networks in similar technological fields, and a shortage of interpretative knowledge.
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