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Airline Economics in Europe
- 2019
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In recent years, the European air transport industry has seen a number of important changes, with more on the horizon. This comprehensive work presents a multi-faceted analysis of the air industry in Europe, how it has developed in recent years, and how it is set to develop further into the future. The work brings together leading experts in the field from across the continent to address the burning issues affecting this significant sector of the European transportation arena. It begins with a scene-setting contribution that outlines the detail of the regulatory context within which the European airline sector operates. We then move on to look at some of the strategic responses to this evolving regulatory context. In this respect, the specifics of some relevant business models, the competitive context (particularly with respect to pricing and profitability), changes in the productivity of European airlines relative to the global industry and the issue of joint ventures in the transatlantic market are all dealt with in some detail. The focus then shifts to the analysis of more niche sectors within the European aviation sector, specifically the business aviation and air cargo markets. The volume finishes with more specific works which address key issues in today’s European airline market, namely the adoption of new propulsion technology and the ever-present environmental impacts associated with aircraft noise.
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| 2. |
- Bergqvist, Rickard, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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Potential Solutions to Upstream Buyer Consolidation in the China-Europe Container Trades - An Exploratory Study
- 2016
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Ingår i: 6th International Conference on Logistics, Informatics and Service Sciences (LISS), 24-27 July, 2016, Beijing.. - : IEEE.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Asia-Europe container trade is the most important trade in the world in terms of volumes transported (overtaking the Trans-Pacific trade in 2014). The typical structure of the supply chains associated with this trade is that containers are stuffed in China and the cargo is subsequently cross-docked at a major European logistics hub or closer to the customer, for further shipment to the final retailing point. This may be one of the reasons why short sea container shipping has only a limited market share of intra-European cargo flows, since once the cargo is unloaded from containers, it is more likely to be forwarded by land-based modes of transport. Paving the way for a greater proportion of cargo being cross-docked in China rather than Europe, may prove to be more cost-efficient and less environmentally damaging than the typical solution. This paper discusses the strengths and weaknesses of the typical solution and alternative solutions such as buyers’ consolidation and concludes that new alternative solutions are worth investigating further. The potential for shifting from the typical solution to new alternatives is dependent on the identification of key decision makers in the design of these supply chains. As such, a careful analysis of this must be undertaken and the capability of Logistics service providers (LSPs) in China assessed.
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| 3. |
- Bergqvist, Rickard, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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Upstream Buyer Consolidation and Downstream Short Sea Shipping in the Asia-Europe Sea Container Supply Chain – An Exploratory Study
- 2016
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Ingår i: International Association of Maritime Economists Annual Conference, Hamburg, August 23-26, 2016.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Asia-Europe container trade is the most important trade in the world in terms of volumes transported (overtaking the Trans-Pacific trade in 2014). The typical structure of the supply chains associated with this trade is that containers are stuffed in China and the cargo is subsequently cross-docked at a major European logistics hub or closer to the customer, for further shipment to the final retailing point. This may be one of the reasons why short sea container shipping has only a limited market share of intra-European cargo flows, since once cargo is unloaded from containers, it is more likely to be forwarded by land-based modes of transport. Paving the way for a greater proportion of cargo being cross-docked in China rather than Europe, may prove to be more cost-efficient and less environmentally damaging than the typical solution. This paper discusses four main comparative differences between the typical solution and alternative solutions such as buyers’ consolidation and concludes that new alternative solutions are worth investigating further. The potential shift from the typical solution to new alternatives is dependent on the identification of key decision makers in the design of these supply chains and a careful analysis of bottlenecks and impediments that must be overcome to facilitate this shift.
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| 4. |
- Chen, Hong, et al.
(författare)
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Building a Measurement Model for Port-Hinterland Container Transportation Network Resilience
- 2015
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Ingår i: LOGMS International Conference on Logistics and Maritime Systems. Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Hong Kong, 27-29 August..
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The ongoing development of world trade has bolstered the demand for container transport that is both safe and resilient. As a pivotal element in international logistics and economic development at both national and local levels, container transportation between seaports and their associated hinterlands is critically important. In this paper, we apply the concept of resilience to the context of a port-hinterland container transportation network. The concept of resilience incorporates issues relating to both safety and risk management, but possesses its own distinctive characteristics which differentiates it from other concepts, such as stability and robustness. We firstly propose our definition of resilience within this context, based upon a comprehensive review of the relevant literature. Next, a stochastic integer programming model is built to yield a quantitative measure of resilience from the perspective of shippers. This measurement model is then tested by developing a numerical simulation based on the specific case of Gothenburg port and part of its hinterland. By analysing the resilience concept in general and the specific results from the numerical simulation, we then evaluate the validity and reliability of our contextual definition of resilience and the measurement model developed. We find them to be not only theoretically meaningful, but also practically useful.
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| 6. |
- Christodoulou, A., et al.
(författare)
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Potential alternative fuel pathways for compliance with the ?FuelEU Maritime Initiative
- 2022
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Ingår i: Transportation Research Part D-Transport and Environment. - : Elsevier BV. - 1361-9209. ; 112
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The EU 'Fit for 55' package proposes the adoption of various legislative tools to eliminate shipping CO2 emissions, among which are the inclusion of shipping in the EU Emissions Trading System (EU ETS) and the FuelEU Maritime Initiative. This paper analyses the latter by utilising the EU's Monitoring, Reporting, Verification (MRV) database to evaluate the fuel types used, fuel consumption and CO2 emissions of ships operating within the European Economic Area (EEA) for 2020, the Initiative's baseline. Forecasts of potential future pathways for alternative fuel deployment are then developed that could be used to achieve compliance with the limits set by the FuelEU Maritime Initiative. The results of this study provide significant input to maritime stakeholders and policy-makers on the potential impact of the Initiative for the uptake of clean marine fuels and the contribution of the maritime sector to a climate neutral Europe by 2050.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Christodoulou, Anastasia, et al.
(författare)
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Targeting the reduction of shipping emissions to air: A global review and taxonomy of policies, incentives and measures
- 2019
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Ingår i: Maritime Business Review. - 2397-3757. ; 4:1, s. 16-30
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to identify and classify the various initiatives developed and implemented across the globe for the abatement of maritime air emissions. Design/methodology/approach – In this paper, an extensive survey of various sources was conducted, including the official reports of international and regional institutions, government policy documents, port authority websites, classification society pages, private firms’ sites and the academic literature. The initiatives were then categorized in accordance with the classification of the Swedish Environmental Protection Agency and analyzed using the SPSS Statistics software to give some insight into their frequencies and the interrelationships between them. Findings – This exploratory review resulted in the establishment of a comprehensive global database of initiatives encouraged by the whole range of shipping stakeholders and decision-makers for the reduction of shipping air emissions. According to the findings, economic incentives that provide motivation for the adoption of less environmentally damaging practices are the most commonly used initiative, followed by infrastructure investments and informative policies. Research limitations/implications – The results provide implications for further research that include an in-depth analysis of ports’ policies, as well as an evaluation of initiatives applied on a large scale to map their emissions reduction potential for shipping. Originality/value – The main contribution of this paper is the identification and analysis of all the diverse initiatives implemented globally in a comprehensive way and its dealing with air pollution from shipping as a whole.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Cullinane, Kevin, et al.
(författare)
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Benchmarking the performance of Swedish Rail Freight Rolling Stock: A Conceptual Approach to Setting Tariffs using Data Envelopment Analysis
- 2015
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- There are many ways to improve the efficiency of a railway system. Many are inherently long-term and involve significant investment. This paper proposes the more immediate, simpler and cheaper approach of incentivising the use of better rolling stock through appropriate infrastructure charging and thereby reducing the number of problems arising and the costs imposed on other rail users, the infrastructure providers and society. It is posited that infrastructure charges should be differentiated to reflect differences in the performance of rolling stock and that this can be achieved purely and simply on the basis of technical and other characteristics. Utilising an existing database, the performance benchmarking of rolling stock is proposed as the basis for formulating and justifying a performance-based tariff structure. Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) is the preferred method of analysis by which relative measures (in index form) of rolling stock performance can be derived and benchmark performance identified. The paper provides a theoretical conceptualisation of how this might be applied to rail freight rolling stock in order to develop a tariff structure for infrastructure charges which is functionally dependent upon the derived relative benchmark values of performance (quality). The proposed approach has several advantages: no supplementary data collection is required; once the strategic decision is taken as to the level of marginal (social) cost to be recouped, the setting of the tariff becomes deterministic and only needs to be periodically reviewed; following its introduction, the analysis required for reviewing tariffs is relatively straightforward; DEA output provides management with useful information on achieving improved performance; and the potential exists for applying this proposed approach to both passenger rolling stock and within a multinational context. The paper concludes that the proposed approach will greatly simplify the basis upon which infrastructure charges are levied on rail users, while maintaining the possibility of differentiating the tariff structure by specific train path, network link and/or capacity utilisation. It also reinforces the principle of marginal cost pricing. Ultimately, the implementation of this approach will support the objective to increase long-term robustness and reduce disruptions to railways.
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