| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
- Löfgren, Åsa, 1972, et al.
(författare)
-
Puzzling tax attitudes and labels
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Applied Economics Letters. - 1350-4851. ; 16:16-18, s. 1809-1812
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
|
|
| 3. |
- Yu, Yinan, 1985, et al.
(författare)
-
climateBUG: A data-driven framework for analyzing bank reporting through a climate lens
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Expert Systems with Applications. - 0957-4174 .- 1873-6793. ; 239
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper applies computational linguistics learning methods to the banking industry and climate change fields. We introduce our data-driven framework, climateBUG, with the aim of detecting latent information about how banks discuss their activities related to climate change using natural language processing (NLP). This framework consists of an ingestion pipeline, a configurable database, and a set of API’s. In addition, climateBUG offers two standalone components, namely a unique annotated corpus of approximately 1.1M statements from EU banks’ annual and sustainability reporting and a deep learning model adapted to the semantics of the corpus. When benchmarking on classification performance, our model outperforms other models with similar scopes due to its stronger domain relevance. We also provide examples of how the framework can be applied from a user perspective.
|
|
| 4. |
- Sterner, Thomas, 1952, et al.
(författare)
-
Policy design for the Anthropocene
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Nature Sustainability. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2398-9629. ; 2, s. 14-21
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- © 2019, Springer Nature Limited. Today, more than ever, ‘Spaceship Earth’ is an apt metaphor as we chart the boundaries for a safe planet1. Social scientists both analyse why society courts disaster by approaching or even overstepping these boundaries and try to design suitable policies to avoid these perils. Because the threats of transgressing planetary boundaries are global, long-run, uncertain and interconnected, they must be analysed together to avoid conflicts and take advantage of synergies. To obtain policies that are effective at both international and local levels requires careful analysis of the underlying mechanisms across scientific disciplines and approaches, and must take politics into account. In this Perspective, we examine the complexities of designing policies that can keep Earth within the biophysical limits favourable to human life.
|
|
| 5. |
- Bastos Lima, Mairon G., et al.
(författare)
-
Large-scale collective action to avoid an Amazon tipping point - key actors and interventions
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Current Research in Environmental Sustainability. - : Elsevier BV. - 2666-0490. ; 3
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The destruction of the Amazon is a major global environmental issue, not only because of greenhouse gas emissions or direct impacts on biodiversity and livelihoods, but also due to the forest's role as a tipping element in the Earth System. With nearly a fifth of the Amazon already lost, there are already signs of an imminent forest dieback process that risks transforming much of the rainforest into a drier ecosystem, with climatic implications across the globe. There is a large body of literature on the underlying drivers of Amazon deforestation. However, insufficient attention has been paid to the behavioral and institutional microfoundations of change. Fundamental issues concerning cooperation, as well as the mechanisms facilitating or hampering such actions, can play a much more central role in attempts to unravel and address Amazon deforestation. We thus present the issue of preventing the Amazon biome from crossing a biophysical tipping point as a large-scale collective action problem. Drawing from collective action theory, we apply a novel analytical framework on Amazon conservation, identifying six variables that synthesize relevant collective action stressors and facilitators: information, accountability, harmony of interests, horizontal trust, knowledge about consequences, and sense of responsibility. Drawing upon literature and data, we assess Amazon deforestation and conservation through our heuristic lens, showing that while growing transparency has made information availability a collective action facilitator, lack of accountability, distrust among actors, and little sense of responsibility for halting deforestation remain key stressors. We finalize by discussing interventions that can help break the gridlock.
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
- Andersson, David, 1979, et al.
(författare)
-
Attitudes to Personal Carbon Allowances
- 2011
-
Ingår i: WORKING PAPERS IN ECONOMICS. - 1403-2465. ; 505
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- A personal carbon allowance (PCA) scheme targets emissions from individual consumption and allocates allowances directly to individuals by dividing the carbon budget on a per capita basis. In this study we analyze the results of a survey sent out to a representative sample of the Swedish population regarding attitudes to a potential PCA scheme. The distinctive design of a PCA scheme is likely to give rise to specific factors affecting individuals‟ attitudes, such as the perceived fairness of the allocation of allowances and corresponding redistribution of wealth, as well as the perceived complexity of the scheme. We perform an ordered probit analysis with attitude to PCAs as the dependent variable, controlling for a number of variables potentially affecting such attitudes. Interestingly, our findings indicate that the most important variable explaining attitudes to the scheme is the perception of respondents that this type of policy instrument seems very complex.
|
|
| 8. |
- Anthonsen, Mette, 1972, et al.
(författare)
-
Natural Resource Dependency and Quality of Government
- 2009
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This paper introduces quality of government rather than regime type as dependent variable in studies of the political effects of natural resources. It consists of two parts. First, it theorizes the role of fiscal dependency of oil and gas rents in relation to three different dimensions of quality of government; low corruption, bureaucratic quality and legal impartiality. Second, it finds significant, negative effects of oil and gas rent dependency on all three dimensions of quality in a sample of 139 states in the period 1984 to 2006. The results hold for inclusion of control variables such as regime type, income, region and religion.
|
|
| 9. |
- Boräng, Frida, 1977, et al.
(författare)
-
Committing to the Climate: A Global Study of Accountable Climate Targets
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Sustainability. - : MDPI AG. - 2071-1050. ; 11:7
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Paris Agreement has been described by many as a historical event, a turning point in the United Nations’ climate negotiations. Its success is often attributed to the intended nationally determined contributions (INDCs), in which countries have committed themselves to individually set targets in order to reduce emissions. However, it still remains to be agreed upon how to review and compare countries’ efforts, as outlined in the INDCs (and at later stages in the nationally determined contributions—NDCs). In this paper we suggest (and construct) a simple quantitative measure which is transparent, ensures valid comparison over time, and which can be determined for a large share of countries; a comparable indicator of country commitments in terms of so called accountable climate targets (ACTs). This indicator is then combined with a global data set of political–institutional, economic and geographic variables to understand more about which factors may affect country commitments. The results from multivariate probability unit (probit) regressions show that egalitarian principles, as well as GDP per capita, tend to be positively associated with climate commitments, while a negative association is found for CO2 emissions per capita
|
|
| 10. |
- Burtraw, Dallas, et al.
(författare)
-
A Price Floor Solution to the Allowance Surplus in the EU ETS : Mistra Indigo Policy Paper no.2
- 2013
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Since 2008 there has been a rapid buildup of surplus emissions allowances in the EU ETS. The European Commission has presented six structural options to address the oversupply of allowances on a long-term basis. One option would introduce price management mechanisms, which could allow for the use of a price floor. A price floor has been mischaracterized as a tax, an instrument that has historically faced political opposition, and the commission states that an explicit carbon price objective would alter the nature of the EU ETS being a quantity-based market instrument. However, a price floor is structurally different from a tax in multiple ways, and its merits are well documented in the academic literature. This rule-based approach could reinforce the market-based philosophy and investment climate of the ETS.
|
|
