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| 2. |
- Tanqueray, Laetitia, et al.
(författare)
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Gender Fairness in Social Robotics : Exploring a Future Care of Peripartum Depression
- 2022
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 2022 ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction : Alt.HRI - Our Robotics Futures: A Time Capsule - Alt.HRI - Our Robotics Futures: A Time Capsule. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 9781538685549 ; , s. 598-607, s. 598-607
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper we investigate the possibility of socially assistive robots (SARs) supporting diagnostic screening for peripartum depression (PPD) within the next five years. Through a HRI/socio-legal collaboration, we explore the gender norms within PPD in Sweden, to inform a gender-sensitive approach to designing SARs in such a setting, as well as governance implications. This is achieved through conducting expert interviews and qualitatively analysing the data. Based on the results, we conclude that a gender-sensitive approach is a necessity in relation to the design and governance of SARs for PPD screening.
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| 3. |
- Eneman, Marie, 1969, et al.
(författare)
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Governmental Surveillance - The balance between security and privacy
- 2020
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Ingår i: UK Academy for Information Systems Conference Proceedings 2020.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The increased digitalisation of society and recent developments in AI is laying the ground for surveillance capabilities of a magnitude we have not seen before. Surveillance can be conducted by several different actors in society, this project focuses on the Swedish police currently using a large ensemble of surveillance technologies. Earlier this year, significant legislative changes governing the police authorities use of digital surveillance were enacted. These changes mean that the police now have been given an extended mandate to use digital surveillance as part of their professional practice, which places demands on balanced decisions and informed responsibility. On the one hand, the police have an interest to use digital surveillance to increase efficiency and security in society; on the other hand, the police must balance their interests with citizen’s so-called integrity-interests and right to privacy. This study will therefore examine to what extent the Swedish Police Authority pay attention to questions such as integrity and privacy when introducing digital surveillance. The study is guided by the following questions: (i) What opportunities can be related to the implementation and use of digital surveillance in police work? (ii) What kind of challenges do the increasing use of digital surveillance create between organisational governance, police officers’ work practice, and the integrity of citizens - and how do the police tackle these challenges? Theoretically, we draw on the established research fields on surveillance and privacy and empirically this study is designed as a qualitative study of the Swedish Police as our main case.
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| 4. |
- Schlehahn, Eva, et al.
(författare)
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Opportunities and Challenges of Dynamic Consent in Commercial Big Data Analytics
- 2020
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Ingår i: Privacy and Identity Management. Data for Better Living. - Cham : Springer. - 9783030425043 ; , s. 29-44
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the context of big data analytics, the possibilities and demands of online data services may change rapidly, and with it change scenarios related to the processing of personal data. Such changes may pose challenges with respect to legal requirements such as a transparency and consent, and therefore call for novel methods to address the legal and conceptual issues that arise in its course. We define the concept of ‘dynamic consent’ as a means to meet the challenge of acquiring consent in a commercial use case that faces change with respect to re-purposing the processing of personal data with the goal to implement new data services. We present a prototypical implementation that facilitates incremental consent forms based on dynamic consent. We report the results gained via two focus groups which we used to evaluate our design, and derive from our findings implications for future directions.
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| 5. |
- Eneman, Marie, 1969
(författare)
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Internet Filtering: A Solution to Harmful and Illegal Content?
- 2019
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Ingår i: Proceedings of 2019 IEEE SmartWorld, Ubiquitous Intelligence & Computing, Advanced & Trusted Computing, Scalable Computing & Communications, Cloud & Big Data Computing, Internet of People and Smart City Innovation.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- There is an increasing public concern about harmful and illegal content, such as terrorist and extremist content, child abuse material available on Internet. As a response, many countries have implemented Internet filtering as a tool to regulate certain types of harmful and illegal content on Internet. This paper will focus upon the use of Internet filtering for child abuse material. On the one hand, Internet filtering is described as a tool to regulate child abuse material, on the other hand Internet filtering is associated with concern for important ethical questions related to effectiveness and censorship strongly connected to important democratic values and rights such as freedom of expression, privacy etc. Therefore, this paper addresses the question how democratic societies can recognise, evaluate, and address ethical issues raised by the implementation and use of filtering systems to prevent and control the distribution of harmful and illegal content such as child abuse material. The analysis draws on ideas from the critical tradition of information systems research. It concludes by recommending that a more discourse-oriented style of governance may be more suited to complex socio-legal-technical questions such as Internet filtering than a top-down approach. This paper contributes with theoretical knowledge to the debate of this topical issue and thereby support policy-making on a national and international level.
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| 6. |
- Eneman, Marie, 1969
(författare)
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Panoptic Environments: Offenders Balance of Privacy and Surveillance in the Context of Digital Child Pornography
- 2008
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop on Critical Research in Information Systems, Galway, Ireland, 2008.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) have changed the conditions to consume and distribute child pornography. Child pornography is a criminal offence in many countries and therefore it is of great importance for the users to protect their identity and reduce the risk of getting caught. The technological environment, which ICT constitutes, provides powerful surveillance-mechanisms. The aim with this paper is to explore offenders’ relationship towards surveillance in the context of digital child pornography. The empirical findings presented are based upon semi-structured interviews with offenders convicted of child pornography. The findings show that the offenders develop different strategies to manage the risk of surveillance. The identified strategies have been divided into technological and social. The result of this study enhances the knowledge about the offenders’ ICT usage and their behaviour in their involvement in child pornography. This knowledge is of great importance to be able to develop effective combating-mechanisms, such as legislations and technological solutions. This paper contributes to previous research within the field of Critical Information Systems Research by applying Foucault’s concept of panopticon on the research subject.
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| 7. |
- Lundell, Björn, et al.
(författare)
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Use of Commercial SaaS Solutions in Swedish Public Sector Organisations under Unknown Contract Terms
- 2022
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Ingår i: Electronic Government. - Cham : Springer Nature Switzerland AG. - 9783031150869 - 9783031150852 ; , s. 73-92
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Lawful and appropriate use of cloud-based globally provided Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) solutions by a public sector organisation (PSO) for data processing and maintenance of digital assets presupposes an investigation of all relevant contract terms. Having obtained, analysed, and filed all relevant contract terms when using a SaaS solution is a prerequisite for good administration. Identifying and obtaining all relevant contract terms for a SaaS solution involves significant obstacles which in practice may be impossible to overcome for each PSO. This paper addresses how PSOs investigate contract terms prior to adoption, and why PSOs use a globally provided SaaS solution without having identified and obtained all relevant contract terms. Through a review of responses to questions and public documents from Swedish PSOs we analysed how each PSO had investigated contract terms and licences for the Microsoft 365 (M365) solution prior to adoption and use of the solution in each PSO. We find that no PSO had investigated all relevant contract terms prior to use of M365, which implies that each PSO uses M365 under unknown contract terms. Further, we find that all PSOs use M365 for data processing of its digital assets under unknown contract terms and that each PSO has significant dependence and trust in its supplier.
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| 8. |
- Eneman, Marie, 1969
(författare)
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Internet Filtering – A legitimate control mechanism of criminal behaviour in the digital society?
- 2016
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Ingår i: Stockholm Criminology Symposium.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The increased digitalisation of society has significantly affected the circumstances for the distribution and access of child abusive material and constitutes a serious challenge for law enforcement agencies. As a response, law enforcement has developed collaboration with private Internet Service Providers (ISPs) in Sweden to control individuals’ distribution and access of child abusive material. Child abusive material, unfortunately still classified as ‘child pornography’ in Swedish legislation, refers to sexually explicit material of children and the production, distribution and possession are criminal offence in Sweden. The effects of digital technology for the production, distribution and access of child abusive material has been recognized in recent years. Digital technology is however dualistic and can be seen as a double-edged sword due to that it could, on the one side be used for criminal (or unwanted) behaviour and on the other side, be used as a powerful disciplinary tool to control such behaviour. Although most people would agree that child abusive material should be regulated through legislation, critical voices have however been raised about technological regulation such as filtering and argue that it is a form of censorship primarily associated with non-democratic states and constitutes serious threats to civil liberties such as freedom of expression and privacy. The Swedish filtering practice is a topical example where technology is used to control individuals’ criminal behaviour and raises important complex and ethical questions. This study uses the Swedish filtering practice in relation to child abusive material as an empirical setting. Following questions is focused: (1) What characterises the filtering practice? (2) Could the practice be seen as effective in preventing and controlling the distribution and access to child abusive material? (3) What challenges could be identified with the use of filtering technology as a regulative mechanism?
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Mochaourab, Rami, et al.
(författare)
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Demonstrator on Counterfactual Explanations for Differentially Private Support Vector Machines
- 2023
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Ingår i: <em>Lecture Notes in Computer Science </em>. - Cham : Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH. - 9783031264214 - 9783031264221 ; , s. 662-666
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We demonstrate the construction of robust counterfactual explanations for support vector machines (SVM), where the privacy mechanism that publicly releases the classifier guarantees differential privacy. Privacy preservation is essential when dealing with sensitive data, such as in applications within the health domain. In addition, providing explanations for machine learning predictions is an important requirement within so-called high risk applications, as referred to in the EU AI Act. Thus, the innovative aspects of this work correspond to studying the interaction between three desired aspects: accuracy, privacy, and explainability. The SVM classification accuracy is affected by the privacy mechanism through the introduced perturbations in the classifier weights. Consequently, we need to consider a trade-off between accuracy and privacy. In addition, counterfactual explanations, which quantify the smallest changes to selected data instances in order to change their classification, may become not credible when we have data privacy guarantees. Hence, robustness for counterfactual explanations is needed in order to create confidence about the credibility of the explanations. Our demonstrator provides an interactive environment to show the interplay between the considered aspects of accuracy, privacy, and explainability.
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