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Smart City Governance – AI Ethics in a Spatial Context : Selected Essays from 2022/2023
- 2023
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This brief anthology presents the basics of the interdisciplinary course called Smart City Governance – AI Ethics in a Spatial Context, given at LTH, Lund University. Furthermore, it includes three selected essays from the main assignment written by students from the class of 2022/2023. These provide with examples of the topics possible to analyse when combining engineering students from programmes on data, ICT, architecture, and land surveying with students from the humanities or social sciences.
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Degraded and restituted towns in Poland: Origins, development, problems : Miasta zdegradowane i restytuowane w Polsce. Geneza, rozwój, problemy
- 2015
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- One of the less known problems in settlement geography is the issue of so-called degraded and restituted towns. This lack of reconnaissance, however, is perhaps less the result of the towns’ scarcity than their specificity of being ‘awarded’ or ‘deprived of’ an urban label by means of strictly socio-political actions. Degraded and restituted towns, hence, are spatial units made ‘urban’ or ‘rural’ instantaneously, irrespective of their de facto state along what is widely considered a gradual path of (de)urbanization. Instead, they become compartmentalized into two constructed spatial categories that have survived the onslaught of material transformations and philosophical repositioning through different whims of time. While ‘rural’ and ‘urban’ are conceptual binaries that certainly need to be treated with caution, their cultural salience may cause tangible consequences within national administrative systems that abide by a formalized rural-urban distinction. This issue becomes particularly important for settlements that clearly transcend any imagined rural-urban divide, i.e. those, whose material and immaterial characteristics seem counterfactual to their assigned category. It is also crucial in formal practices designed to avert such counterfactualities, but whose ran-domness of approach more creates confusion than helps straighten out a historical concoction. Both processes, nonetheless, lend ‘urbanity’ and ‘rurality’ a resonance of objectivity, justifying their use as guides for a host of developmental endeavors, despite subverting a much more intricate reality. Degraded and restituted towns are direct derivatives of this. Drawing on the above-mentioned irreconcilabilities, the aim of this book is to present and scrutinize degraded and restituted towns through the example of Poland, where these towns occupy a special niche. For one, Poland, due to its chequered and variegated history, is home to a conspicuously large number of degraded (831) and restituted (236) towns; for another, Poland’s relentlessness of formalizing ‘urbanity’ as a category of statistical, political and cultural guidance has a direct bearing on the lives of the towns’ residents. Realizing the intricacy of degraded and restituted towns in the face of commonplace ru-ral-urban ideations, the editors and the 17 contributing Authors of this book have made an effort to capture the towns’ complexity with special foci on their shrouded origins, developmental specificity and incurred problems. Owing to the involvement of researchers from different scientific disciplines and subdisciplines, the undertaken project has helped elucidate the problem from multiple perspectives: spatial, social, demographic, economic, environmental, historical, architectural, cultural, legal and philosophical. Allocated into 17 chapters, not only have the presented interpretations allowed for a first interdisciplinary synthesis on the topic, but they also helped outline some prospective directions for future research. Moreover, collecting materials of such diversity into an amalgamated whole has helped identify specific discourses that enwrap the concept of “urbanity” when seen through its oscillations within formal contexts, and to which degraded and restituted towns serve as expendable game pieces. By combining knowledge arrived at through ontologically and epistemologically different approaches, the incremental contribution of this book as a whole could be summarized in two attainments: a) extending theoretical frameworks used to study degraded and restituted towns in terms of definition, conceptualization and assessing predispositions for future de-velopment on account of their spatial, legal, socio-economic and historical charac-teristics; b) initiating an anticipated discussion on a number of important and current topics re-lated to the practices of degradation and restitution that have not received adequate attention, e.g., the urbanity-vs.-rurality paradox, the changeability of human settlement forms vs. the consequences of rigid spatial categorizations; the role of various actors in shaping the socio-economic reality under the guise of an ossified binary; or identifying spatio-conceptual conflicts as future challenges for local, regional and national policy.
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Sustainable Business Development: Frameworks for Idea Evaluation and Cases of Realized Ideas
- 2014
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (refereegranskat)abstract
- This book is about developing sustainable businesses. The focus is on early stages – when a business is little more than an idea – and on innovation in an open environment, relatively unconstrained by organizational or other demands. Our setting is primarily the university, and especially the side of the university that nurtures new ideas to grow – sometimes into ventures, and sometimes into projects, but always with the intention of making an impact upon sustainable development – economic, ecological, and social development. All sustainable development starts with an idea of wanting to make a difference. If this difference can be packaged into an offering that some customer pays for, then suddenly the idea is utilizing a whole market economy to make this difference. However, ideas not targeting paying customers normally also have to be packaged in ways that satisfy user or customer needs. Sustainable business development thus can be seen as a way of making the world a better place, not primarily by top-down intervention – through government agencies or programs – but through a more bottom-up process of trying to satisfy human and other needs, by promoting and offering new utilities: customer utilities, societal utilities and business utility (i.e. creating reasons for others to invest money in your idea). Whether you are a practitioner, a student or a university employee, or engaging in your free time (i.e. being an engaged citizen) does not really matter. This book is written for anyone who believes in the power of the individual developing good ideas in networks, and who wishes to learn more about how to realize these ideas. The focus is on you – the idea developer, or if you like, the knowledge worker in the knowledge-economy – not on established firms, organizations, or financiers. After all, ideas especially in early stages depend upon the active engagement of individuals, regardless of where they are situated. If you are an employee, you might have larger initial resources to access but you would also have the duties and constraints of your organization to relate to. If you are acting in your free time, then you might not have the resources but you certainly have freedom to operate and to mobilize relevant networks. Most ideas depend upon a combination of individuals – some being more free but resource-constrained, and others representing structures and then also other levels of resources. This book is written to allow such an individual network-based open innovation perspective to flourish, pointing at opportunities, at useful tools and examples, and at the teamwork often necessary to release creative and accomplishing powers of the main resources of the new knowledge economy – ourselves and our nowadays global networks! We expect the reader of this book to be a reflective doer, someone who learns while doing, and who likes to be inspired by others. The majority of the examples in the book are written by the doers themselves. As editors we have asked the authors to add reflections, and then we have also added some reflections of our own in the final chapter. We believe that good real-life examples have a never-ending ability to allow improved reflections and learning. We encourage you as a reader to discuss and debate issues and examples in this book. We will aspire to develop this version of the book into new versions and perhaps complement it with even more interactive means of communication – such as a website. We hope you share the ambitions we have about increasing knowledge and skills for sustainable business development. Please therefore give your constructive comments for us to improve any content. The first part of the book focuses on frameworks and the second part on cases. We have tried to refer to the cases when appropriate as we introduce frameworks. The frameworks address sustainability, the challenges of so-called lock-ins, how to conduct early idea evaluation and development, utilizing group dynamics, and methods such as backcasting, scenario planning, LCA and patent analysis. The cases cover sustainable business development ventures, social entrepreneurship projects, and sustainable development and idea developments in established firm settings.The 2014 edition of the book is nearly identical to the 2013 edition with the exception of Chapter 2: Sustainability, which has been updated to include the 2013 and 2014 Fifth Assessment reports from the UN Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and a note on the 2013 UN Climate Change Conference in Warsaw 11-23 November 2013.
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Sustainable Business Development: Frameworks for Idea Evaluation and Cases of Realized Ideas - Second Edition
- 2016
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (refereegranskat)abstract
- This book is about developing sustainable businesses. The focus is on early stages – when a business is little more than an idea – and on innovation in an open environment, relatively unconstrained by organizational or other demands. Our setting is primarily the university, and especially the side of the university that nurtures new ideas to grow – sometimes into ventures, and sometimes into projects, but always with the intention of making an impact upon sustainable development – economic, ecological, and social development. All sustainable development starts with an idea of wanting to make a difference. If this difference can be packaged into an offering that some customer pays for, then suddenly the idea is utilizing a whole market economy to make this difference. However, ideas not targeting paying customers normally also have to be packaged in ways that satisfy user or customer needs. Sustainable business development thus can be seen as a way of making the world a better place, not primarily by top-down intervention – through government agencies or programs – but through a more bottom-up process of trying to satisfy human and other needs, by promoting and offering new utilities: customer utilities, societal utilities and business utility (i.e. creating reasons for others to invest money in your idea). Whether you are a practitioner, a student or a university employee, or engaging in your free time (i.e. being an engaged citizen) does not really matter. This book is written for anyone who believes in the power of the individual developing good ideas in networks, and who wishes to learn more about how to realize these ideas. The focus is on you – the idea developer, or if you like, the knowledge worker in the knowledge-economy – not on established firms, organizations, or financiers. After all, ideas especially in early stages depend upon the active engagement of individuals, regardless of where they are situated. If you are an employee, you might have larger initial resources to access but you would also have the duties and constraints of your organization to relate to. If you are acting in your free time, then you might not have the resources but you certainly have freedom to operate and to mobilize relevant networks. Most ideas depend upon a combination of individuals – some being more free but resource-constrained, and others representing structures and then also other levels of resources. This book is written to allow such an individual network-based open innovation perspective to flourish, pointing at opportunities, at useful tools and examples, and at the teamwork often necessary to release creative and accomplishing powers of the main resources of the new knowledge economy – ourselves and our nowadays global networks! We expect the reader of this book to be a reflective doer, someone who learns while doing, and who likes to be inspired by others. The majority of the examples in the book are written by the doers themselves. As editors we have asked the authors to add reflections, and then we have also added some reflections of our own in the final chapter. We believe that good real-life examples have a never-ending ability to allow improved reflections and learning. We encourage you as a reader to discuss and debate issues and examples in this book. We will aspire to develop this version of the book into new versions and perhaps complement it with even more interactive means of communication – such as a website. We hope you share the ambitions we have about increasing knowledge and skills for sustainable business development. Please therefore give your constructive comments for us to improve any content. The first part of the book focuses on frameworks and the second part on cases. We have tried to refer to the cases when appropriate as we introduce frameworks. The frameworks address sustainability, the challenges of so-called lock-ins, how to conduct early idea evaluation and development, utilizing group dynamics, and methods such as backcasting, scenario planning, LCA and patent analysis. The cases cover sustainable business development ventures, social entrepreneurship projects, and sustainable development and idea developments in established firm settings. The second edition of the book published in 2016 is nearly identical to the 2014 edition with the exception of Chapter 2: Sustainability in 2016, which has been updated to include the 2015 UN Climate Change Conference in Paris that saw a break-through in terms of all participating countries agreeing upon and signing the final document. This document, The Paris Accord, came into force in November 2016 after being ratified by a sufficient number of nations. In addition, the sections on ‘business strategies for sustainability’ and ‘development of technology and markets for products that are environmental’ have been updated in this chapter.
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Regulation of Risk: Transport, Trade and Environment in Perspective
- 2023
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Regulation of Risk provides comprehensive insight into regulation of risk in transport, trade and environment. Contributions provide national, regional and international perspectives on pressing questions: How is risk conceived in light of novel technological deployment, climate change, political upheaval, evolving geopolitics, and the COVID-19 pandemic? What legal tools such as contractual frameworks and governance structures are available to manage the changing landscape of risk? This book highlights the importance of dialogue and collaborative decision-making on risk between policymakers, institutions, societal stakeholders and the scientific community.
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Urban välfärd, effektiv energi
- 2016
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Framtidens städer måste byggas hållbart enligt FNs hållbarhetsmål. EU har därför beslutat att vår energianvändning ska minskas med 20 procent till år 2020 och i Sverige förbereds för införande av högre krav än så. Vilka hinder och möjligheter finns i den energiomställning som väntar den svenska bostadssektorn? Hur ska vi klara en energieffektivisering av exempelvis miljonprogramsområdena? Urban välfärd, effektiv energi beskriver ett medskapande projekt, ClueE, där forskare deltar i omställningen av bostadsområden i Alingsås, Göteborg och Kungälv. Resultaten visar att energieffektivisering bör belysas ur olika perspektiv. Den teknik som krävs för att klara en energieffektivisering finns redan. Men energiomställning är en komplex process som är beroende av politika beslut, juridisk och ekonomisk kunskap och — inte minst — samverkan med de boende. Författare: Carolina Hiller, Eva-Lotta Kurkinen, David Langlet, Ylva Norén Bretzer, Joshua Prentice, Anders Sandoff, Marie Thynell.
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| 9. |
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Privacy and Identity Management : Data for Better Living: AI and Privacy
- 2019
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (refereegranskat)abstract
- This book contains selected papers presented at the 14th IFIP WG 9.2, 9.6/11.7, 11.6/SIG 9.2.2 International Summer School on Privacy and Identity Management, held in Windisch, Switzerland, in August 2019.The 22 full papers included in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 31 submissions. Also included are reviewed papers summarizing the results of workshops and tutorials that were held at the Summer School as well as papers contributed by several of the invited speakers. The papers combine interdisciplinary approaches to bring together a host of perspectives, which are reflected in the topical sections: language and privacy; law, ethics and AI; biometrics and privacy; tools supporting data protection compliance; privacy classification and security assessment; privacy enhancing technologies in specific contexts.
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