| 1. |
- Edvardsson Björnberg, Karin, Docent, 1972-, et al.
(author)
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Consistent risk regulation? Differences in the European regulation of food crops
- 2019
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In: Journal of Risk Research. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1366-9877 .- 1466-4461. ; 22:12, s. 1561-1570
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In the EU legal system, there is a large difference between the procedures and requirements for the introduction of crops that are classified as genetically modified (GM) and crops not so classified. In order to investigate whether this regulatory divide is compatible with real risks two cases of GM crops and two cases of non-GM crops are scrutinized. It is concluded that the regulatory divide cannot be justified from the viewpoint of risk assessment, since the GM/non-GM dichotomy is not an accurate indicator of either health risk or environmental risk. Much better such indicators are available and should form the basis of a legislation aimed at preventing the introduction of crops that are harmful for human health or the environment. If the legislator has other reasons to regulate GM crops differently than conventional crops, then those reasons should be stated in the legislation and determine the types of measures that it prescribes.
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| 2. |
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Marine Bioprospecting, Biodiversity and Novel Uses of Ocean Resources : New Approaches in International Law
- 2024
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Editorial collection (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Human use of marine resources is changing, as is the marine environment itself, and our understanding of marine ecosystems and biodiversity is developing. This open access book explores the challenges this raises for legal regimes pertaining to the oceans and their domestic implementation. It engages with developments in areas such as bioprospecting, fisheries, deep-sea mining and shipping.Several case studies discuss genetic resources and the implications of the new UN Agreement on marine biological diversity of areas beyond national jurisdiction. A team of experts suggest new approaches to questions of interpretation, established management principles, and institutional relationships. Not limiting their scope to the international law of the sea, they also examine international environmental law, intellectual property rights, and domestic law.The book broadens the scholarly debate and provides a timely reflection on the dramatic policy developments currently happening in the field of marine resource governance. It will be welcomed by lawyers, NGOs and policymakers.
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| 3. |
- Uggla, Ylva, 1960-, et al.
(author)
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Dissimilar framings of forest biodiversity preservation : Uncertainty and legal ambiguity as contributing factors
- 2016
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In: Forest Policy and Economics. - : Elsevier. - 1389-9341 .- 1872-7050. ; 62, s. 36-42
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Controversies over forestry and environmental issues, including biodiversity, are common. Theory suggests that uncertainty may play a major role in framing biodiversity and its preservation. This paper examines written statements on biodiversity preservation published by two major Swedish organizations, i.e., the Swedish Forest Industries Federation and the Swedish Society for Nature Conservation, with different interests in forest use. Frame analysis suggests that when the actors pursue a certain policy course, both biodiversity-related uncertainty and lack of regulatory clarity are important factors contributing to dissimilar framings. This case study supports the general understanding that biodiversity-related uncertainty can have important implications for biodiversity preservation, in this case, via forest policy and legislation. Scientific uncertainty may allow actors with dissimilar interests in an issue to justify their standpoints. To successfully manage forest biodiversity in the future, legal frameworks must increasingly find ways to accommodate scientific uncertainty, and models must be developed in which stakeholders’ diverging interests and values address uncertainties via dialogue.
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| 4. |
- Epstein, Yaffa, et al.
(author)
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EU Court : Science must justify future hunting
- 2019
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In: Science. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 0036-8075 .- 1095-9203. ; 366:6468, s. 961-961
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)
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| 5. |
- Futter, Martyn, et al.
(author)
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Forests, Forestry and the Water Framework Directive in Sweden : A Trans-Disciplinary Commentary
- 2011
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In: Forests. - : MDPI AG. - 1999-4907 .- 1999-4907. ; 2:1, s. 261-282
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The Water Framework Directive (WFD) is an ambitious piece of legislation designed to protect and improve water quality throughout Europe. However, forests are only mentioned once in the WFD, and forestry is not mentioned at all, despite its potential implications for streams, rivers and lakes. Here we present a transdisciplinary commentary on the WFD and its implications for forests and forestry in Sweden. This commentary has been prepared by forestry stakeholders, biophysical and social scientists. While we were cognizant of a large body of discipline-specific research, there are very few inter-or trans-disciplinary commentaries which link academic and stakeholder perspectives on the WFD. We had originally felt that there would be little commonality in our concerns. However, we found significant areas of agreement. Our key areas of concern about the implications of the WFD for forestry in Sweden included: (i) concerns about what is meant by good ecological status and how it is assessed; (ii) a perceived lack of clarity in the legal framework; (iii) an inadequate environmental impact assessment process; and (iv) uncertainties about appropriate programs of measures for improving water quality. We were also concerned that ecosystem services provided by forests and the positive effects of forestry on water quality are inadequately recognized in the WFD.
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| 6. |
- Bezlakovsky, Igor, et al.
(author)
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9. Urban planning in post-soviet Novgorod : Introducing a western legal system
- 2003. - 1
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In: Building and Re-building Sustainable Communities. - Uppsala : Baltic University Press. - 9197001740 ; , s. 68-78
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Book chapter (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract
- Development and implementation of a program for rational use of the land of the city has become first priority for ensuring self-goverment and democracy in Veliky Novgorod, and is seen as the first step towards a system of sustainable city development. The article describes how new routines and legal instruments are introduced to support local self-government and public participation in urban planning, and the development of a real estate market. A system of zooning establishes legal rules which regulate the use of land and constructions of real estate. A geographic information system (GIS) has been introduced to develop the cadaster of the city.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Lacbawan, Macario
(author)
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The Burden of Responsibility : Predicaments of Environmental Life in the Caraballo Mountains, Northern Philippines
- 2022
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Indigenous people are not obviously, or naturally, stewards of the environment. But when the idea that they are such custodians gains legal traction, and when indigenous land-use practices are codified to reflect environmental principles, they become a burden of responsibility that has significant consequences for the lives and the livelihoods of indigenous communities.This thesis is about Ikalahan people of the Caraballo Mountains in Northern Philippines and the vicissitudes of their obligation to the environment. Based on twelve months’ ethnographic fieldwork, the thesis explores what happens when the legal recognition of Ikalahan people as an indigenous group demands that they re-fashion their ancestral land from a place where they practice swidden agriculture into a space where they are supposed to ensure environmental conservation. It explores how the Philippine state utilizes scientific knowledge such as cartography and forestry to facilitate the expulsion and estrangement of Ikalahan people from their land even as it relies on those people to maintain their ancestral land as an exclusive ecological sanctuary.How do Ikalahan communities enact this environmental responsibility, and how do they contest it? The different chapters explore how villagers deploy the cultural power of shame to impose ecological obligations, how they also create tactics to evade and subvert such obligations, and how they use the rhetoric that the land should not be monetized to, precisely, monetize it. The chapters also discuss how traditional moral principles provide a means for Ikalahan people to both understand and facilitate the economic inequalities that have emerged since their land was transformed into an ecological zone. By addressing how Ikalahan communities negotiate the consequences of their legal recognition as indigenous people, the thesis contributes to the expanding literature that shows how indigeneity is not a neutral label, but is, rather, a potentially burdensome positionality whose attachment to the environment is anything but straightforward.
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| 9. |
- Zetterberg, Charlotta, 1960-, et al.
(author)
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Time for a New EU Regulatory Framework for GM Crops?
- 2017
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In: Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics. - : SPRINGER. - 1187-7863 .- 1573-322X. ; 30:3, s. 325-347
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In recent years, the EU legislation on genetically modified (GM) crops has come under severe criticism. Among the arguments are that the present legislation is inconsistent, disproportionate, obsolete from a scientific point of view, and vague in terms of its scope. In this paper, the EU GM legislation (mainly the "Release Directive", 2001/18/EC) is analysed based on five proposed criteria: legal certainty, non-discrimination, proportionality, scientific adaptability, and inclusion of non-safety considerations. It is argued that the European regulatory framework does not at present satisfy the criteria of legal certainty, non-discrimination, and scientific adaptability. Two ways of reforming the present legislation toward greater accommodation of the values expressed through the proposed criteria are briefly introduced and discussed.
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