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- Backman, Christel, 1979
(författare)
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LiSS Working Group 4 : Overview of Activities
- 2012
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Ingår i: Living in Surveillance Societies: The Ghost of Surveillance. - Iasi : Editura Universitatii Alexandru Ioan Cuza Iasi. - 9789737037015 ; , s. 217-220
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Webster, C. William R., et al.
(författare)
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Introduction
- 2012
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Ingår i: Living in Surveillance Societies: The Ghost of Surveillance. - Iasi : Editura Universitatii Alexandru Ioan Cuza Iasi. - 9789737037015 ; , s. 11-14
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Backman, Christel, 1979
(författare)
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Criminal records: Governing symbols
- 2012
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Ingår i: Transformations of the Swedish Welfare State / Larsson, Bengt; Letell, Martin; Thörn, Håkan (red.). - Basingstoke : Palgrave MacMillan. - 9780230293410 ; , s. 120-134
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 6. |
- Backman, Christel, 1979
(författare)
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Criminal Records in Sweden. Regulation of access to criminal records and the use of criminal background checks by employers.
- 2012
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis examines the regulation of access to criminal records in Sweden and the actual and potential use of criminal background checks by employers in hiring processes. In recent years, more and more Swedish employers have been required by law to check their job applicants’ criminal records. In a parallel process, also the number of enforced subject access requests has increased considerably in that same period. The aim of this thesis is to analyse and explain these two trends and consider their implications for future use of criminal records in Sweden and elsewhere. The analysis draws upon government documents, newspaper articles, interviews with employers using enforced subject access, and interviews with union and employer organization representatives, with the aim of capturing the vocabularies of motive that were evoked and put to use in attempts to justify and legitimize either access restrictions or the extended use of criminal records data in hiring decisions. In Paper I, I examine how subject access, indirect employer access, and the notion of privacy have been understood and defined throughout the history of the Swedish Criminal Records Registry, and how practices and policies in the area have evolved over time. In Paper II, I investigate how employers who use individuals’ right to subject access as a means for obtaining copies of their criminal record account for their practice, and how unions and employer associations have responded to the adoption of it. In Paper III, I challenge the ‘governmentality’ tradition in criminology and the way the use of criminal record checks is interpreted within it. As an alternative way of formulating and understanding the issue, I propose that it be looked at from a symbolic perspective. In Paper IV, my analysis utilizes the perspective of the sociology of scandals to help develop a better understanding of function creep in the area of data protection. This I do through an examination of the process leading, first, to the introduction of mandatory vetting of childcare workers and teachers in Sweden in 2001, and, then, to the inclusion later on of also other employer categories in the scope of the relevant legislation. Based on these analyses, I argue that the changes in the access to individuals’ criminal records reflect the state’s way of governing the interpretation of the criminal records database. Whether actors are denied or allowed access to information contained in the criminal history record database depends on the prevailing cultural representations regarding notions such as ‘privacy’, ‘data protection’, ‘databases’, ‘sensitive information’, and ‘power’. Moreover, I argue that the function creep in the use of criminal history data in Sweden can be initially explained by the occurrence and publicity of scandals that highlight the vulnerability of a group of dependents, making it defensible to resort to privacy-intrusive methods such as criminal record checks, with the continuing function creep then being made possible by a changing moral landscape that, following the initial amendment, renders the method morally more defensible among the policy makers and the public at large.
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| 7. |
- Backman, Christel, 1979
(författare)
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En gång tjuv alltid tjuv?
- 2008
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Ingår i: Stockholms Fria. - 1650-4674. ; 2008-01-12
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Backman, Christel, 1979
(författare)
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Keeping track of ex-convicts. The extension of lawful use of criminal records in Sweden
- 2010
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Ingår i: A Global Surveillance Society? Surveillance Studies Network/Living in Surveillance Societies Conference, London 13-15 April 2010.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The Swedish Criminal Records Register started out in 1901 as a register to be used by the courts for sentencing purposes. The previous system was based on local knowledge of criminals and on mandatory parish certificates. This provided both too little and too much control; it made it hard for the courts to keep track of ‘moving criminals’, and it made it possible for employers to deny convicted people employment. A national database with restricted access was seen as the solution to both those problems. Today, the major function of the register is no longer to provide the courts with information, but rather to make it possible for employers to check if someone is suitable for a specific work position. This is somewhat paradoxical considering the original motives for setting up the register. Beside the extended use of legally sanctioned background-checks, there has been a dramatic increase in the use of so-called ‘enforced subject access’. Since subject access was introduced in the Swedish Act in 1987, following recommendations from the Council of Europe, it has been possible for employers to demand that employment-seekers bring a copy of their criminal records, resulting in an non-sanctioned form of background-checks alongside the sanctioned ones. In this paper I analyse the changes in the Criminal Records Act during the period from 1901 up until today. My focus lies upon the extension of lawful use of records in recruitment processes, and how the motives for the register have changed. I discuss this in relation to a surveillance discourse and ‘fear of crime’. I base the analysis on documents produced by the different governments in their preparation of alterations in the Act, and on newspaper articles around certain key-events.
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| 10. |
- Backman, Christel, 1979
(författare)
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Kravet på registerkontroll kan leda till fler återfall
- 2011
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Ingår i: Newsmill. ; 2011-05-02
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Registerkontroller är inte bara ett ineffektivt sätt att försöka skydda barn mot övergrepp. Införandet av obligatoriska kontroller har också lett till att organisationer som inte är ålagda att kontrollera belastningsregistret gör det ändå. Det gör att det blir svårare för personer som en gång dömts för brott att få ett jobb. Något som enligt forskningen riskerar att leda till fler återfall. Det är bra att regeringen säger nej till kontroll av idrottsledare eftersom det inte skyddar barnen. Samtidigt är det märkligt att de inte förbjuder arbetsgivare att efterfråga registerutdrag vid anställning.
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