| 1. |
- Bulut, Ozgur, et al.
(author)
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Sexual dimorphism in frontal bone roundness quantified by a novel 3D-based and landmark-free method
- 2016
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In: Forensic Science International. - : Elsevier BV. - 0379-0738 .- 1872-6283. ; 261, s. 162.e1-162.e5
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this study we present a novel and landmark-free method for quantifying shape differences between male and female frontal bones. CT scans were recorded for 80 male and 80 female Turkish hospital patients, age 25-40. The frontal bones were first isolated from the 3D models by digital cutting along the bordering sutures, and then aligned to a CAD-based sphere. This allowed us to quantify the amount of frontal bone overlapping with the sphere (on average 43.2 +/- 6.5% for males and 33.9 +/- 6.6% for females, the difference is significant at p < 0.0001), and to identify areas of shape difference and deviation from the sphere surface in male and female bones. The larger proportion of spherical frontal bone surface in males challenges the common description of the female forehead as rounder''. Based on the overlap data, we developed discriminant functions able to correctly classify 77.5% of the frontal bone models as male/female. This demonstrates that 3D-based and landmark-free approaches to statistical shape analysis may become a viable alternative to the currently dominating landmark-based approaches for shape investigation.
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| 2. |
- Frković, Vedran, et al.
(author)
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Finger width as a measure of femoral block puncture site : an ultrasonographic anatomical-anthropometric study
- 2015
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In: Journal of clinical anesthesia. - : Elsevier BV. - 0952-8180 .- 1873-4529. ; 27:7, s. 553-557
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Study objective: Femoral nerve blockade is a regional anesthetic procedure that may be used in prehospital and emergency settings in cases of femoral trauma. Its speed and performance depend on how well the puncture site can be accurately located, something that usually is achieved via visible landmarks and/or by combining various universal preestablished measurements. Most of these methods have been derived from cadaver studies, which often suffer limitations in clinical settings. To facilitate a quick and easy determination of the puncture site, we here attempt to find an in vivo anthropometric measure that closely corresponds to the distance between the femoral artery and femoral nerve.Design: This is a prospective observational study.Patients: The study includes 67 patients presenting for elective surgery.Measurements: The distance from the femoral nerve to the femoral artery, projected to the skin, was measured by a 13-MHz ultrasonographic linear probe. Anthropometric measurements of the width of the hand fingers were carried out at the distal interphalangeal joints.Results: The distance from the femoral artery to the femoral nerve projected to the skin was found to closely correspond to the width of the fifth finger of the dominant hand measured at the distal interphalangeal joint.Conclusion: Because it relies on individual anthropometric information, this finding offers an individualized approach to determining the puncture site in a given patient. We believe that such an approach can improve and simplify femoral nerve blockade procedures in prehospital and emergency settings.
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| 3. |
- Petaros, Anja, et al.
(author)
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Evaluating sexual dimorphism in the human mastoid process : A viewpoint on the methodology
- 2015
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In: Clinical anatomy (New York, N.Y. Print). - : Wiley. - 0897-3806 .- 1098-2353. ; 28:5, s. 593-601
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The mastoid process is one of the most sexually dimorphic features in the human skull, and is therefore often used to identify the sex of skeletons. Numerous techniques for assessing variation in the size and shape of the mastoid process have been proposed and implemented in osteological research, but its complex form still presents difficulties for consistent and effective analysis. In this article, we compare the different techniques and variables that have been used to define, measure, and visually score sexual dimorphism in the mastoid process. We argue that the current protocols fail to capture the full morphological range of this bony projection, and suggest ways of improving and standardizing them, regarding both traditional and 3D-based approaches. Clin. Anat. 28:593-601, 2015.
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