| 1. |
- Urinboyev, Rustam, et al.
(författare)
-
Law, Society and Corruption: Lessons from the Central Asian Context
- 2024
-
Bok (refereegranskat)abstract
- This book presents new socio-legal perspectives and insights on the social life of corruption and anti-corruption in authoritarian regimes.This book takes up the case of Uzbekistan—an authoritarian regime in Central Asia and one of the most corrupt countries in the world according to Transparency International’s Corruption Perceptions Index—and examines the corruption that developed in a tightly closed authoritarian regime permeated by a large-scale shadow economy, a weak rule of law, and a collectivist legal culture. Building on socio-legal frameworks of legal compliance, living law and legal pluralism, the central argument of the book is that the roles, meanings, and logics of corruption are fluid, and depend on a myriad of structural variables, and contextual and situational factors. This book will be of value to researchers, academics and students in the fields of sociology of law, legal anthropology and Central Asian studies, especially those with an interest on the intersection of law, society and corruption in authoritarian regime contexts.
|
|
| 2. |
- Urinboyev, Rustamjon, et al.
(författare)
-
Living Law, Legal Pluralism, and Corruption in Post-Soviet Uzbekistan
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Journal of Legal Pluralism and Unofficial Law. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0732-9113 .- 2305-9931. ; 45:3, s. 372-390
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper aims to explore the multifaceted meaning, logic, and morality of informal transactions in order to better understand the social context that informs the meaning of corruption and bribery in post-Soviet Uzbekistan. It will be argued that the informal transactions in Uzbek society reflect different cultural and functional meanings from those in most of the Western world, and hence transactions that from a Western-centric perspective would be labelled as bribes can be morally accepted transactions in the Uzbek cultural context. If this is true, there may be reasons to re-evaluate the relevance of the Western-centric interpretations of corruption in the context of Uzbekistan, and possibly other Central Asian countries. These issues will be investigated with reference to observations and informal interviews from post-Soviet Uzbekistan. This study is based on three periods of ethnographic field research between 2009 and 2012 in the Ferghana Province of Uzbekistan. It draws on concepts of ‘living law’ and legal pluralism to provide a theoretical framework.
|
|
| 3. |
- Svensson, Måns, et al.
(författare)
-
Welfare as a means for political stability : a law and society analysis
- 2012
-
Ingår i: European Journal of Social Security. - : Sage Publications. - 1388-2627 .- 2399-2948. ; 14:2, s. 64-85
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There have been extensive discussions in academic circles of why some countries develop into welfare states while others do not. Two main factors mentioned in these discussions are economic growth and the need for political stability. In these discussions, the example of Sweden, where the welfare state allegedly emerged from a ‘culture of consensus’, has often been treated as an historic exception. In this article we discuss the relevance of the two main factors suggested in the literature, and investigate whether Sweden is a rare case of a country where welfare arose out of a culture of consensus or if welfare in Sweden emerged as a product of strategies that aimed at promoting political stability, and thereby followed a similar pattern to other Western European countries. In undertaking this task, we have conducted a review of the literature and used Migdal’s ‘state-in-society’ perspective and the ‘institutional approach’ as a theoretical framework. Our results can be summarised under three headings: (a) until the mid-twentieth century, Sweden was a highly unstable, conflict-ridden class society, and thereby a followed similar pattern to other Western European countries; (b) welfare reforms in Sweden were introduced as a means of addressing political and social instability; (c) Sweden is therefore no exception to the theory that deep political crises trigger welfare reforms.
|
|
| 4. |
- Polese, Abel, et al.
(författare)
-
Political vs. Everyday Forms of Governance in Uzbekistan : The Illegal, Immoral, and Illegitimate
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Informality, Labour Mobility and Precariousness. - Cham : Palgrave Macmillan. - 9783030824983 - 9783030824990 ; , s. 223-247
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Based on extensive ethnographic fieldwork in Uzbekistan, this article looks at the way official state narratives are challenged by silent, unorganized, often unawares, gestures of resistance at the bottom of a society. Footing on a framework suggested by Scott’s definition of infrapolitics (2012), we propose to incorporate informal practices in a definition of informality that is more inclusive, and better explains the anatomy of a modern state, whose functioning rests on a combination of formal and informal practices. We suggest that this everyday dimension is of particular importance here when trying to understand the governance trajectories as it allows to look critically, and from a broader perspective, at situations where individual and state perception of events, but also individual and state morality, diverge. By doing this, we propose that governance in transition states and societies may be regarded as a space where formal institutions and citizens (or informal institutions) compete for power and resources and thereby produce informal, alternative “legal orders” and mechanisms that regulate public life in a given area. We will suggest that such a space of informal negotiation is vital in contexts where collective mobilization and public articulation of social claims is not a preferred, or even available, strategy for citizens.
|
|
| 5. |
|
|
| 6. |
- De Kaminski, Marcin, et al.
(författare)
-
Studying Norms and Social Change in a Digital Age: Identifying and Understanding a Multidimensional Gap Problem
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Social and Legal Norms: Towards a Socio-legal Understanding of Normativity. - London : Routledge. - 9781409453437 - 9780367601225 - 9781315609416 ; , s. 309-330
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The fact that the debate concerning copyright in a digital society has been both intense and filled with polemic conflicts ever since the late 1990s makes it clear that it is a most complicated issue to solve, or even grasp. Basically, both the legal and societal discussion and development are explicitly dependent on a greater understanding of the on-going processes surrounding copyright. This presents a well-suited point of departure for research such as the one conducted within the Cybernorms research group – both in terms of providing valuable insights into the field of sociology of law when it comes to understanding how to relate to the framework provided by digitalization in general and the Internet in particular, and in terms of providing more accurate knowledge and toolsets to legislators in related fields.
|
|
| 7. |
- Jonnergård, Karin, et al.
(författare)
-
Development Codes of Cunduct: : Regulatory conversations as means for Detecting Institutional Change
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Law & Policy. - : Blackwell. - 0265-8240 .- 1467-9930. ; 29:4, s. 460-492
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The introduction of a new corporate governance code in Sweden, modeled after prevailing Anglo-Saxon norms of corporate governance, offers the opportunity to investigate global regulatory convergence. Using the metaphor of regulatory space, this article analyzes the positions of the parties who submitted formal responses to the introduction of "The Swedish Code of Corporate Governance-A Proposal from the Code Group." While the globalization of financial markets might forecast unconditional acceptance of the proposed code by business and financial interests, the analysis of who made comments, and what was said, reveals three categorically distinct groups: Swedish business "insiders" connected to the existing institutional framework who opposed changes that would erode traditional division of functions, including collective responsibility for the actions of company boards; "outsiders" (i.e., foreign investors and more marginal Swedish investors) aligned with Anglo-Saxon internationalization of the markets who would change the system of corporate accountability; and the professions (i.e., auditors), who advocated for their professional interests. Of the three groups, Swedish business insiders were most successful in gaining support for their positions. Although international financial and political interests were key to the introduction of the Code in the first place, the article demonstrates how the dynamics of national (local) culture and power structures influence the transfer of regulatory law across jurisdictions.
|
|
| 8. |
- Larsson, Stefan, et al.
(författare)
-
Law, Norms, Piracy and Online Anonymity – Practices of de-identification in the global file sharing community
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Journal of Research in Interactive Marketing: Special Issue on Digital Piracy. - : Emerald. - 2040-7130. ; 6:4, s. 260-280
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose The purpose of this study is to better understand online anonymity in the global file-sharing community in the context of social norms and copyright law. The study describes the respondents in terms of use of Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) or similar services with respect to age, gender, geographical location, as well as analysing the correlation with file-sharing frequencies. Design/methodology/approach This study, to a large extent, collected descriptive data through a web-based survey. This was carried out in collaboration with the BitTorrent tracker The Pirate Bay (TPB), which allowed us to link the survey from the main logo of their site. In 72 hours, we received over 75,000 responses, providing the opportunity to compare use of anonymity services with factors of age, geographical region, file-sharing frequency, etc. Findings Overall, 17.8 per cent of the respondents used a VPN or similar service (free or paid). A core of high-frequency uploaders is more inclined to use VPNs or similar services than the average file sharer. Online anonymity practices in the file-sharing community depend on how legal and social norms correlate (more enforcement means more anonymity). Research limitations/implications The web-based survey was in English and mainly attracted visitors on The Pirate Bay’s web site. This means that it is likely that those who do not have the language skills necessary were excluded from the survey. Practical implications This study adds to the knowledge of online anonymity practices in terms of traceability and identification, and therefore describes some of the conditions for legal enforcement in a digital environment. Social implications This study adds to the knowledge of how the Internet is changing in terms of a polarization between stronger means of legally enforced identification and a growing awareness of how to be more untraceable. Originality/value The scale of the survey, with over 75,000 respondents from most parts of the world, has likely not been seen before on this topic. The descriptive study of anonymity practices in the global file-sharing community is therefore likely unique.
|
|
| 9. |
- Larsson, Stefan, et al.
(författare)
-
Parallel Norms: File-sharing and Contemporary Copyright Development in Australia
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Journal of World Intellectual Property. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1747-1796 .- 1422-2213. ; 17:1-2, s. 1-15
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article studies contemporary Australian copyright and contrasts this to a large-scale online survey on file sharing in order to analyse the seemingly parallel and non-compliant legal and social norms that they represent. Furthermore, a selection of 3,575 Australian respondents to an online survey is compared to a large scale near global group of over 96,000 respondents, allowing determining distinctive traits of the Australian respondents. For example, the latter use offline methods for sharing and receive rather than distribute content to a higher extent in comparison to the global group of respondents. Furthermore, Australian respondents also have slightly less predominance of male sharers.
|
|
| 10. |
- Svensson, Måns, et al.
(författare)
-
Intellectual Property Law Compliance in Europe: Illegal File Sharing and the Role of Social Norms
- 2012
-
Ingår i: New Media & Society. - : SAGE Publications. - 1461-4448 .- 1461-7315. ; 14:7, s. 1147-1163
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The current study empirically demonstrates the widely discussed gap between copyright law and social norms. Theoretically founded in the sociology of law, the study uses a well-defined concept of norms to quantitatively measure changes in the strength of social norms before and after the implementation of legislation. The ‘IPRED law’ was implemented in Sweden on 1 April 2009, as a result of the EU IPR Enforcement Directive 2004/48/EC. It aims at enforcing copyright, as well as other IP rights, when they are violated, especially online. A survey was conducted three months before the IPRED law came into force, and it was repeated six months later. The approximately one thousand respondents between fifteen and twenty-five years-of-age showed, among other things, that although actual file-sharing behaviour had to some extent decreased in frequency, social norms remained unaffected by the law.
|
|
