| 1. |
- Felländer, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Achieving a Data-driven Risk Assessment Methodology for Ethical AI
- 2021
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The AI landscape demands a broad set of legal, ethical, and societal considerations to be accounted for in order to develop ethical AI (eAI) solutions which sustain human values and rights. Currently, a variety of guidelines and a handful of niche tools exist to account for and tackle individual challenges. However, it is also well established that many organizations face practical challenges in navigating these considerations from a risk management perspective. Therefore, new methodologies are needed to provide a well-vetted and real-world applicable structure and path through the checks and balances needed for ethically assessing and guiding the development of AI. In this paper we show that a multidisciplinary research approach, spanning cross-sectional viewpoints, is the foundation of a pragmatic definition of ethical and societal risks faced by organizations using AI. Equally important is the findings of cross-structural governance for implementing eAI successfully. Based on evidence acquired from our multidisciplinary research investigation, we propose a novel data-driven risk assessment methodology, entitled DRESS-eAI. In addition, through the evaluation of our methodological implementation, we demonstrate its state-of-the-art relevance as a tool for sustaining human values in the data-driven AI era.
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| 2. |
- Ingram Bogusz, Claire, et al.
(författare)
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AI for the benefit of society : Progress with trust and transparency
- 2023
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Annan publikation (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- In this policy paper, the authors argue that trust and legitimacy in the state requires not only that it takes advantage of the quality improvements that generative AI offers, but also that state actors maintain the trust of citizens by acknowledging and advancing generative AI policy with the risks in mind.
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| 3. |
- Ingram Bogusz, Claire, et al.
(författare)
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AI i samhällets tjänst : Utveckling med tillit och transparens
- 2023
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Annan publikation (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- I detta policypapper argumenterar författarna för hur man upprätthåller förtroendet och legitimiteten för det offentliga i användningen av generativ AI. Offentlig sektor kan och bör dra nytta av de kvalitetsförbättringar som generativ AI erbjuder samtidigt som offentliga aktörer utvecklar lagstiftning med dess risker i åtanke. I syfte att upprätthålla den sociala och institutionella tilliten, krävs det att offentlig sektor tar till sig de möjligheter som generativ AI erbjuder - innan utrymmet och utvecklingen av teknologierna helt kontrolleras av privata aktörer.
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| 4. |
- Nowag, Julian, et al.
(författare)
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Fossil Fuels Subsidies in the EU: EU State Aid Rules as Control and Phase out Tools - Opportunities and Estimates
- 2020. - 1/2020
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The paper aims to identify and analyse potential legal avenues for phasing out fossil fuels in the European Union using EU State aid rules. Our analysis of the EU’s legal framework reveals that the EU State aid rules would allow the European Commission to effectively target and monitor fossil fuel subsidies. In particular, the requirements for notification, examination, transparency, reporting, and recovery of unlawfully granted aid may be highly useful tools. The legal framework also provides avenues for the EU Commission to start a ‘Fossil Fuel Inquiry’ to identify and quantify all support for fossil fuels within the EU Member States. Furthermore, the EU State aid rules can also provide civil society with the possibilities to actively lobby for State aid control and offer the court systems as an additional avenue for enforcement. Based on a legal analysis of which fossil fuel subsides are subject to the EU state aid legal framework and we make a first estimate of the value of fossil fuel subsidies subject to this regime. With due limitations our best estimate suggests that approximately 50—60% of the 112 billion Euro of subsidies in the EU per year which have been identified by the ODI/CAN report can be addressed by EU State aid rules. The analysis of the EU’s legal framework for State aid reveals that the EU State aid rules allow the European Commission to effectively target and monitor fossil fuel subsidies. We conclude that despite inherent limitations, the EU state aid toolbox offers various possibilities to the EU to actively advance its climate change policy and comply with its international commitments to reduce fossil fuel subsidies.
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| 5. |
- Schenström, Ulrica, et al.
(författare)
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DEBATT: AI-politiken är i desperat behov av nyansering och reformer
- 2023
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Annan publikation (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Dagens AI-politik är i desperat behov av reformer. Det saknas översyn av konsekvenserna när generativ AI redan i dag implementeras ”bakvägen” inom offentlig sektor – utan gemensam förståelse för riskerna, skriver forskare och företrädare för tankesmedjan Fores.
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