| 1. |
- Levin, Lena, 1958-, et al.
(författare)
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Unpacking corrections in mobile instruction : Error-occasioned learning opportunities in driving, cycling and aviation training
- 2017
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Ingår i: Linguistics and Education. - : Elsevier BV. - 0898-5898 .- 1873-1864. ; 38, s. 11-23
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article deals with the organisation of correction in mobile instructional settings. Five sets of video data (>250 h) documenting how learners were instructed to fly aeroplanes, drive cars and ride bicycles in real life traffic were examined to reveal some common features of correction exchanges. Through detailed multimodal analysis of participants’ actions, it is shown how instructors systematically elaborate their corrective instructions to include relevant information about the trouble and remedial action – a practice we refer to as unpacking corrections. It is proposed that the practice of unpacking the local particulars of corrections (i) provides for the instructional character of the interaction, and (ii) is highly sensitive to the relevant physical and mobile contingencies. These findings contribute to the existing literature on the interactional organisation of correction and mobility, as well as to ongoing work in ethnomethodology and conversation analysis on teaching and learning as members’ phenomena.
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| 2. |
- Henriksson, Malin, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
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Everyday mobility and citizenship: a living lab approach
- 2024
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Ingår i: Urban, Planning and Transport Research. - : Informa UK Limited. - 2165-0020. ; 12:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the context of a living lab that aimed to reduce everyday car use, citizens in a newly established semi-urban residential area in Sweden were asked to travel less by car, try mobility and accessibility services, and to reason about travelling and their own role in a future sustainable transport system. By analysing the participants’ written reports about mobility practices and mobility citizenship, collected through a living lab app, the paper explores links between everyday mobility and mobility citizenship. The analysis, which is based on theories on citizenship and mobility and social practice theory, shows that the participants’ reports provided context-specific knowledge regarding everyday mobility and citizenship. The participants expressed both knowledge about and engagement in their local environment. This opens new ways to understand, explore and make use of mobility citizenship, in research and in practice.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Broth, Mathias, 1965-, et al.
(författare)
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Showing where you're going : Instructing the accountable use of the indicator in live traffic
- 2018
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Ingår i: International Journal of Applied Linguistics. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0802-6106 .- 1473-4192. ; 28, s. 248-264
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article takes an interest in how students at a driving school areinstructed how to make the car's behaviour intelligible (accountable)to other road users in traffic. Taking the indicator as an example,the analytic focus is on the ways in which the indicator'srelevance is instructed and its timely activation practiced, andhow activating the indicator is instructed as part of moreencompassing turning procedures. The indicator is one of the centralresources built into cars for displaying to others a driver'sintention about where to go next. Although indicating does not,in itself, affect the movement of the car, activating the indicatoris crucial for allowing others to anticipate a car's movement inspace, and coordinate themselves with it. The analysis showshow instructors manage trainee drivers' instructed actions duringdriving by providing descriptions of what using the indicatoraccomplishes before a directive to turn (a), after a directive to turn(b), and as accounts for initiating correction of trainee driver carcontrol activity (c).
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| 5. |
- Placido da Conceicao, Vitor Fernando, 1970, et al.
(författare)
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The Anchoring Effect of Technology in Navigation Teams
- 2020
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Ingår i: Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing. - Cham : Springer. - 9783030509422 ; 1212 AISC, s. 436-443
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Modern technology revolutionised marine navigation, reducing errors and increasing navigation safety. However, the same technology has been associated with critical accidents and navigators’ errors. On the other hand, expert mariners have proved to manage complex situations, adapting to unforeseen events successfully. To better understand the effects of new technologies and how work is currently done, the Portuguese navy promoted a study about navigation team performance. The results suggest that navigation technology appears to have a strong anchoring effect on team activity. While sensemaking and intuitive judgements complement the shortfalls of the decision support system (DSS), it was found that the combination of high automation influence with lack of coordination leads to a collaborative biased perception of the situation.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Koutsikouri, Dina, 1970, et al.
(författare)
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Extending digital infrastructures : A typology of growth tactics
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of the Association for Information Systems. - : Association for Information Systems. - 1536-9323. ; 19:10, s. 1001-1019
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Digital infrastructures enable delivery of information services in functional areas such as health, payment, and transportation by providing a sociotechnical foundation for partnership governance, resource reuse, and system integration. To effectively serve emerging possibilities and changing purposes, however, a key question concerns how an infrastructure can be extended to cater for future services in its functional area. In this paper, we approach such digital infrastructure growth as a challenge of aligning new partners whose digital capabilities spur innovative services that attract more users. We advance an initial typology that covers four growth tactics (i.e., adding services, inventing processes, opening identifiers, and providing interfaces) with the potential to set extension of infrastructures in motion. We then explore the proposed typology by investigating the ways in which its particular tactics successfully extended the scope of a digital infrastructure for public transportation in Stockholm, Sweden. Our insights invite IS scholars to engage more deeply in the development of growth tactics that achieve infrastructure extensions necessary for improving the durability of service delivery.
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| 8. |
- Larsson, Johanna, et al.
(författare)
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Drift och operation av smarta fartyg
- 2023
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Färjerederiet har beställt två nya vägfärjor som är utrustade med ett smart system och är förberedda för automation. Färjorna kommer innebära stora förändringar i Färjerederiets organisation och ett nytt behov av kompetens. I dagsläget finns enbart några få autonoma färjor i drift i omvärlden, och Färjerederiets blir några av de första att driftsättas. Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka hur de nya färjorna kommer att påverka drift, organisation, utbildning och personal. Metoden som följdes var Training Needs Analysis (TNA), och projektet inleddes med en litteraturstudie som kartlade tidigare forskning om smarta fartyg. Därefter startades datainsamlingen som bestod av ett 20-tal intervjuer med besättning, underhållspersonal, utbildningspersonal samt annan personal i organisationen Färjerederiet, samt observationer vid två färjeleder. Dagslägets processcheman och befattningsbeskrivningar, samt beställningsspecifikationerna för de nya färjorna, har också studerats.Det är tydligt att det kommer att bli skillnader både i drift och i organisation. Arbetsuppgifter försvinner, tillkommer och förändras. De nya färjorna är tekniskt mer avancerade än dagens, precis den nya simulatorn som är beställd som en kopia av de nya färjebryggorna. ROC kommer också innebära förändringar, både i regelverk och befattningsbeskrivningar. Planen på att dra ned på personal ombord färjorna är heller inte möjlig innan regelverksändringar är klara. Vidare har intervjupersonerna spridda inställningar till de nya färjorna, och vissa tror att de kommer att mötas av motstånd av många anställda. De intervjuade är dock överens om att en övergång till fullt autonoma färjor kommer att ta lång tid. Slutligen, har en lista med olösta frågor kopplade till införskaffandet har också identifierats, som måste lösas innan en lyckad implementation är möjlig.
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| 9. |
- Ahlström, Christer, et al.
(författare)
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Fit-for-duty test for estimation of drivers sleepiness level: Eye movements improve the sleep/wake predictor
- 2013
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Ingår i: Transportation Research Part C. - : Elsevier. - 0968-090X .- 1879-2359. ; 26, s. 20-32
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Driver sleepiness contributes to a considerable proportion of road accidents, and a fit-for-duty test able to measure a drivers sleepiness level might improve traffic safety. The aim of this study was to develop a fit-for-duty test based on eye movement measurements and on the sleep/wake predictor model (SWP, which predicts the sleepiness level) and evaluate the ability to predict severe sleepiness during real road driving. Twenty-four drivers participated in an experimental study which took place partly in the laboratory, where the fit-for-duty data were acquired, and partly on the road, where the drivers sleepiness was assessed. A series of four measurements were conducted over a 24-h period during different stages of sleepiness. Two separate analyses were performed; a variance analysis and a feature selection followed by classification analysis. In the first analysis it was found that the SWP and several eye movement features involving anti-saccades, pro-saccades, smooth pursuit, pupillometry and fixation stability varied significantly with different stages of sleep deprivation. In the second analysis, a feature set was determined based on floating forward selection. The correlation coefficient between a linear combination of the acquired features and subjective sleepiness (Karolinska sleepiness scale, KSS) was found to be R = 0.73 and the correct classification rate of drivers who reached high levels of sleepiness (KSS andgt;= 8) in the subsequent driving session was 82.4% (sensitivity = 80.0%, specificity = 84.2% and AUC = 0.86). Future improvements of a fit-for-duty test should focus on how to account for individual differences and situational/contextual factors in the test, and whether it is possible to maintain high sensitive/specificity with a shorter test that can be used in a real-life environment, e.g. on professional drivers.
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| 10. |
- Aylward, Katie A, 1990, et al.
(författare)
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Using operational scenarios in a virtual reality enhanced design process
- 2021
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Ingår i: Education Sciences. - : MDPI AG. - 2227-7102. ; 11:8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Maritime user interfaces for ships’ bridges are highly dependent on the context in which they are used, and rich maritime context is difficult to recreate in the early stages of user-centered design processes. Operations in Arctic waters where crews are faced with extreme environmental conditions, technology limitations and a lack of accurate navigational information further increase this challenge. There is a lack of research supporting the user-centered design of workplaces for hazardous Arctic operations. To meet this challenge, this paper reports on the process of developing virtual reality-reconstructed operational scenarios to connect stakeholders, end-users, designers, and human factors specialists in a joint process. This paper explores how virtual reality-reconstructed operational scenarios can be used as a tool both for concept development and user testing. Three operational scenarios were developed, implemented in a full mission bridge simulator, recreated in virtual reality (VR), and finally tested on navigators (end-users). Qualitative data were captured throughout the design process and user-testing, resulting in a thematic analysis that identified common themes reflecting the experiences gained throughout this process. In conclusion, we argue that operational scenarios, rendered in immersive media such as VR, may be an important and reusable asset when supporting maritime design processes and in maritime training and education.
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