| 1. |
- Björnfot, Patrik, 1986-
(författare)
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Being connected to the world through a robot
- 2022
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Robotic telepresence systems enable humans to be present physically and socially in a distant environment. Robotic telepresence technology is the latest in the line of communication technology development. The unique feature of such technology is that its users can act in a distant environment and interact with other people through these systems. The robot is the user’s physical avatar through which they act. This thesis aims to understand how people connect to the world through robotic telepresence. The aim includes addressing how humans operate the robotic telepresence system, how the robotic telepresence supports performing actions in a distant location and supports social interaction, and how a human experience being in a robotic body.The thesis is based on five studies, reported in five papers, that explore different aspects of robotic telepresence. The theoretical foundations consist of activity theory and phenomenology, two traditions that are arguably compatible and complementary. The concept of remote embodiment is proposed to describe the relationship between the human and robotic telepresence systems. Remote embodiment is a phenomenon, design concept, and feature that enables robotic telepresence to be used in a wide variety of activities. Furthermore, I use the concept of remote embodiment to outline possible futures of robotic telepresence.
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| 2. |
- Björnfot, Patrik, et al.
(författare)
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Focus Group Foci : employing Participants' HCI and Application Domain Expertise in Interaction Design
- 2015
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Ingår i: New Contributions in Information Systems and Technologies. - Cham : Springer Publishing Company. - 9783319164861 - 9783319164854 ; , s. 1057-1063
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The paper reports a study in which two aspects of interaction design - human interaction with technology and acting through technology were analyzed in the context of participatory sessions having the focus group format. The sessions were conducted as a part of redesigning a novel digital artifact, a web-based project management tool. An initial prototype of the artifact was introduced to two different groups of participants possessing expertise in, respectively, human-computer interaction (HCI) and teaching and learning, a key target application domain for the tool. Re-design suggestions provided by each of the focus groups were found to address issues with both user interface and functionality of the prototype. The main difference between the groups was in whether they primarily focused on interaction efficiency or artifact's integration into a larger social and technological context. Implications of the study for further development of participatory methods in interaction design are discussed.
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| 3. |
- Björnfot, Patrik, et al.
(författare)
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Non-technical users’ first encounters with a robotic telepresence technology : An empirical study of office workers
- 2018
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Ingår i: Paladyn - Journal of Behavioral Robotics. - : Walter de Gruyter. - 2080-9778 .- 2081-4836. ; 9:1, s. 307-322
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Robotic telepresence technologies are becoming ever more usable and affordable, as well as increasingly available as consumer products. In the coming years, a significant number of people are likely to encounter the technology for the first time, and many, if not most, of them are going to be “non-technical” users, that is, people who do not have special technical knowledge and skills of IT-professionals. Therefore, understanding how nontechnical users are getting familiar with robotic telepresence technology, how they perceive the technology, learn to control it, and relate it to their everyday work practices, is a topical research issue. This paper reports an empirical study, in which eight non-technical users, office workers who were not IT-professionals, were introduced to robotic telepresence and provided with a practical experience of acting as pilots of a remotely controlled robot. In follow up interviews the participants were asked to reflect on potential uses of the technology in their professional activities. The participants could successfully acquire basic navigation skills and reached a high level of spatial presence, but experienced problems with developing a "new body image”. When reflecting on the potential of the technology for supporting their work, the participants envisioned a number of benefits associated with remote physical mobility. The impact of the technology on the quality of workrelated social interactions was expected to be generally positive but somewhat limited.
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| 4. |
- Björnfot, Patrik, et al.
(författare)
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Probing the design space of a telepresence robot gesture arm with low fidelity prototypes
- 2017
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Ingår i: HRI '17. - New York, NY, USA : ACM Digital Library. - 9781450343367 ; , s. 352-360
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The general problem addressed in this paper is supporting a more efficient communication between remote users, who control telepresence robots, and people in the local setting. The design of most telepresence robots does not allow them to perform gestures. Given the key role of pointing in human communication, exploring design solutions for providing telepresence robots with deictic gesturing capabilities is, arguably, a timely research issue for Human-Robot Interaction. To address this issue, we conducted an empirical study, in which a set of low fidelity prototypes, illustrating various designs of a robot's gesture arm, were assessed by the participants (N=18). The study employed a mixed-method approach, a combination of a controlled experiment, elicitation study, and design provocation. The evidence collected in the study reveals participants' assessment of the designs, used in the study, and provides insights into parti.cipants' attitudes and expectations regarding gestural communication with telepresence robots in general.
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| 5. |
- Blevis, Eli, et al.
(författare)
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Ecological perspectives in HCI : promise, problems, and potential
- 2015
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Ingår i: CHI EA '15. - New York : ACM Press. ; , s. 2402-2404
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the workshop is to provide a forum for researchers and practitioners to discuss the present and future of ecological perspectives in HCI. The participants will reflect on the current uses and interpretations of “ecology” and related concepts in the field. The workshop will assess the potential of ecological perspectives in HCI for supporting rich and meaningful analysis, as well as innovative design, of interactive technologies in real-life contexts.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Kaptelinin, Victor
(författare)
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Affordances
- 2014. - 2
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Ingår i: The Encyclopedia of Human-Computer Interaction. - Aarhus, Denmark : The Interaction Design Foundation.
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The concept of affordances originates from ecological psychology; it was proposed by James Gibson (1977, 1979) to denote action possibilities provided to the actor by the environment. In the late 1980s Norman (1988) suggested that affordances be taken advantage of in design. The suggestion strongly resonated with designers’ concern about making possible uses of their products immediately obvious, and soon the concept came to play a central role in interaction design and Human-Computer Interaction (HCI). This chapter discusses the origins, history, and current interpretations of affordances in HCI research, and reflects on the future of affordances as an HCI concept.
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| 8. |
- Kaptelinin, Victor, et al.
(författare)
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Crafting user experience of self-service technologies : Key challenges and potential solutions
- 2014
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Ingår i: DIS Companion '14. - : ACM Digital Library. ; , s. 199-202
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Self-service technologies (SSTs) are becoming an increasingly important factor shaping the everyday environments in which we live. The aim of this one-day workshop is to explore key challenges for HCI and interaction design, related to current trends in the development and use of SSTs. The workshop will gather interested researchers and practitioners in order to (a) collaboratively identify a set of issues related to analysis, design, and evaluation of SSTs and (b) discuss potential approaches to understanding and crafting user experience with self-service technologies.
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| 9. |
- Kaptelinin, Victor
(författare)
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Designing mediation
- 2015
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Ingår i: ECCE '15. - New York, NY, USA : ACM Press. - 9781450336123
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this paper is to analyze the concept of mediation in the context of current HCI research, with a special focus on the use of the concept to inform and guide the design of interactive artifacts and environments. The paper discusses the adoption of the mediational perspective on digital technology in HCI and reflects on how the perspective has informed design-oriented research in the field. It is concluded that there is a general trend of moving beyond relatively basic notions of technology mediation toward a more differentiated view of mediation as a complex, multi-dimensional phenomenon. The paper outlines a set of dimensions, which characterize technological mediation in relation to properties of mediational means, subjects and objects of mediated activities, levels of mediation, dynamics of mediation, and context. Design implications of adopting a view of technological mediation as a multi-dimensional phenomenon are discussed.
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| 10. |
- Kaptelinin, Victor
(författare)
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Making the Case for an Existential Perspective in HCI Research on Mortality and Death
- 2016
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 2016 CHI Conference Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems. - NY : ACM Press. - 9781450340823 ; , s. 352-364
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The paper discusses some of the key HCI studies dealing with mortality and death and concludes that the overall research perspective, adopted in most of the studies -- namely, conducting empirical analyses of user practices and trying to improve the practices through iterative cycles of design and evaluation -- is not fully appropriate for understanding the impact of technology on how people experience their own mortality. The paper discusses an alternative research perspective, existential HCI, and argues that adopting that perspective can usefully complement existing studies related to mortality and death. A tentative analysis of "digital afterlife", understood as the persistence of a person's digital possessions and traces beyond the person's life span, from an existential HCI perspective, is presented. Prospects and challenges for future development of an existential perspective in HCI research are discussed.
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