1.
Sundberg, Klas, et al.
(författare)
Modern project management : Challenges for the future
2021
Ingår i: Management and Information Technology after Digital Transformation. - London : Routledge. - 9780367612764 - 9781003111245 ; , s. 93-104
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat) abstract
In this chapter, the authors highlight that the challenges related to managing modern projects are that the management problems have changed since traditional project management methods were developed. This calls for new project management methods, adapted to situations of rapid technological change and flexibility. The authors identify and highlight the limitations of both traditional and agile management methods. They pay special attention to such project characteristics as obstacles to agility, skills, leadership, stakeholders and customers. They discuss hybrid project management and identify which method is the best fit in a given situation.
2.
Aghaee, Naghmeh, 1986-, et al.
(författare)
ICT-supported peer interaction among learners in Bachelor's and Master's thesis courses
2016
Ingår i: Computers and education. - : Elsevier BV. - 0360-1315 .- 1873-782X. ; 94, s. 276-297
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat) abstract
Peer interaction and collaborative learning through the use of ICT (Information and Communication Technology) is used to an increasing extent in higher education. Universities attempt to motivate learners (students) to support their peers to enhance the quality of learning outcomes. This study monitors how an ICTSS (ICT-based Support System) facilitates peer interaction in the Bachelor’s and Master’s thesis process. The aim of the study was to investigate learners’ perception of usefulness of an ICTSS for peer interaction and the influencing factors on the quality of the peer interaction. The ICTSS was developed at an institution in Sweden (the institution’s name has been removed during the double-blind review). The system facilitates peer interaction in three ways: peer reviews, active participation, and final opposition. The study employed a mixed-method approach, which included an online survey followed by in-depth interviews. The target groups were learners at the Bachelor’s and Master’s level in computer science and information systems. The findings showed that learners perceived the peer interaction useful to enhance the quality of the thesis outcomes. However, there are influencing factors affecting the quality of peer interaction, in different phases of the thesis process. Examples of these factors are the quality of thesis manuscripts, supervisors’ control and grading of the process, clear instructions and guidelines, learners’ understanding of the peer interaction and why it takes place, previous training and learners’ motivation to perform peer reviews. Following these factors, the study developed a set of strategic suggestions from both pedagogical and technical aspects to enhance the peer interaction in the thesis process. Considering these suggestions makes the use of the ICTSS more effective to enhance the quality of thesis learning outcomes.
3.
Aghaee, Naghmeh M., 1984-, et al.
(författare)
Choosing open source software : Strategies behind and reasons for municipalities’ use of Open Office
2011
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat) abstract
The purpose of the study was to explore the strategies and reasons for Swedish municipalities to migrate from proprietary office applications, such as Microsoft Office, to the use of the open source software OpenOffice. We performed a comparative case study of three Swedish municipalities in the region of Västra Götaland currently implementing or planning to implement OpenOffice; Alingsås, Falköping and Kungälv. The methods of data collection used in the study were semi-structured interviews with IT managers, such as IT strategists and Chief Information Officers (CIOs), in each municipality, and document analysis.The findings of the study indicated that one of the municipalities had an IT strategy including strategies for use of open source software. The second municipality planned implementation of OpenOffice but were “between IT strategies”, as the current IT strategy hadn’t been updated for some years. The third municipality had abolished IT strategies, as the difficulties of anchoring strategies on all levels of the organisations were too large. Instead, operative guidelines concerning i.e. the use of open source software were used in IT management. The main driver of implementing OpenOffice was to lower IT costs. The IT managers were well aware of the fact that open source software is not entirely free of cost, but estimated the total cost of ownership of OpenOffice to be less than for Microsoft Office. Perceived barriers of implementation and use of OpenOffice were lack of standardisation with current administrative and enterprise systems used in the municipalities as well as a general lack of knowledge and familiarity with open source software among staff. There were also a genuine concern over the possibility of the community of OpenOffice developers leaving the program and its users to embark on new open source software project. The traditional relationship between systems suppliers and customers was perceived to disappear and be replaced with a much more uncertain business relationship. Further research in a larger number of Swedish municipalities is needed in order to increase the understanding of the circumstances of migration to open source software in municipalities.
4.
Andersson, Bo, et al.
(författare)
Harness mobility : Managing the off-task property
2010
Ingår i: DESRIST 2010: The 5th International Conference on Design Science Research in Information Systems and Technology 2010, in St Gallen, Switzerland. - Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer. ; 6105, s. 258-269, s. 258-269
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat) abstract
Technological advancements in mobile computing and wireless networks open up to new applications and new user-groups in the mobile workforce. However, a considerable part of the mobile workforce, such as e.g. drivers or healthcare staff, is chiefly performing other tasks than interacting with their computers. As a result, they are not able to pay attention to computer interaction, making them mainly off computer tasks. The aim of the paper is to develop a design theory to manage off-task situations in mobile computing. Interviews were performed with developers of an information system comprising mobile devices for drivers. From the interviews, a design of an artifact and a design theory based on a strategy to automate routine administration task using place awareness is presented. The eight components of IS design theory by Gregor and Jones is applied as a theoretical framework.
5.
Andersson, Sandra, et al.
(författare)
Mervärde och begränsningar i Nationell patientöversikt (NPÖ) : en implementeringsstudie
2013
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt) abstract
Nationell Patientöversikt (NPÖ) är ett informationssystem som gör det möjligt för behörig vårdpersonal att med patientens samtycke ta del av journalinformation som har registrerats hos andra vårdgivare. Denna rapport behandlar mervärden och begränsningar i NPÖ och är ett resultat av en studie som på uppdrag av SKL genomförts i Jönköpings Län. Studien pågick från den 1 september 2012 till den 28 februari 2013 och var en av tre delar i projektet ”Gemensam informationsåtkomst mellan landsting och kommun genom NPÖ – en kunskapsöversikt i tre län”.Studien genomfördes genom semistrukturerade intervjuer som analyserades kvalitativt. Studiens syfte var att besvara följande fyra frågor: Vilken journalinformation kommer att visas i NPÖ?Ger informationen i NPÖ en tillräckligt fullständig bild av patientens tillstånd?Vilket förtroende har personalen för NPÖ som stöd?Hur kan journalinformationen i NPÖ kvalitetskontrolleras?Svaret på de tre första är beroende av den producerande organisationens rutiner och arbetssätt. Om tekniken är stabil, om journalinformation snabbt kan speglas upp i NPÖ, om alla producenter lägger upp de informationsmängder som verkligen behövs och om de dokumenterar på ett standardiserat sätt i dessa informationsmängder samt om det finns möjlighet att inhämta samtycke från alla patientkategorier så tidigt i processen som det behövs är NPÖ en bra källa till information för kommunernas personal. Alla dessa förutsättningar är i nuläget inte uppfyllda. NPÖ löser inte heller behovet av tillförlitlig information om patienternas läkemedel.I de olika verksamheterna finns en mångfald av redan etablerade informationssystem, såväl manuella som digitala, i vilken NPÖ ska hitta sin roll. När det gäller svaret på den sista frågan kan konstateras att ingen kvalitetsgranskning av den sammanlagda informationen i NPÖ kan ske. Patientdatalagen hindrar i nuläget detta.Rapporten avslutas med följande frågor som behöver besvaras inför en fortsatt utveckling av NPÖ:Vem har det övergripande ansvaret för informationen i NPÖ och hur kan kvaliteten säkerställas?Ska NPÖ vara en primär källa till information för kommunernas legitimerade hälso- och sjukvårdspersonal behöver informationsöverföringen standardiseras. Vilka informationsmängder ska produceras av samtliga landsting? Vilka reservrutiner ska finnas?Vilka konsekvenser för kommunernas personal får sena diktat och sen signering av information i NPÖ?Hur kan integrering av olika informationssystem ske för att minska dubbeldokumentation och av/omskrivningar av information?Läkemedelsinformationen i NPÖ kan för närvarande utgöra en risk för patientsäkerheten. Hur kan läkemedelsinformationen hanteras på ett patientsäkert sätt?Hur skapas en stabil utbildningsmiljö och hur sprids goda exempel på användande av NPÖ?Hur sprids kunskaper om att loggning främst ska ses som trygghet för personal, snarare än som kontroll?Vilka riktlinjer för samtycke ska gälla så att de uppfattas som relevanta för patienter (mängden samtycken och samtycke innan möte med patient)?Hur skapas säkra kanaler för interaktion mellan olika vårdgivare (exempelvis för frågor och svar mellan sjuksköterska på kommunalt boende och läkare på sjukhusklinik)?Kan patienters planerade besök i landstingsvården på ett säkert sätt kommuniceras via NPÖ?Hur kan ansvarig personal i kommunen få en signal om att ny information om en patient producerats i NPÖ?Hur kan rapportering av fel uppmuntras så att en bevakning att NPÖ fungerar tekniskt kan ske? Hur kan support erbjudas även på icke kontorstid?
6.
Carlsson, Sven, et al.
(författare)
An Approach for Designing Management Support Systems: The Design Science Research Process and its Outcomes
2009
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat) abstract
Design science research involves creating and evaluating innovative methods and approaches to be used in design practice. We present an approach to be used in the process of designing Management Support Systems (MSS). The nature of managerial work makes the design, development, and implementation of MSS a major challenge. The MSS literature suggests that determining MSS requirements and specification of MSS are the most critical phases in MSS design and development. We present an approach that can be used as a guide for MSS design, with a primary focus on MSS requirements determination and how requirements can be fulfilled using information and communication technologies (ICT). The approach builds on Quinn and associates’ competing values model (CVM) of organizational effectiveness. The approach can guide MSS designers in designing MSS that support different managerial roles, i.e., the development of MSS that support managerial cognition, decision, and action.
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9.
Casanovas, Inés
(författare)
Online Education in Universities : Moving from Individual Adoption to Institutionalisation of an Information Technology Innovation
2013
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt) abstract
This thesis describes and analyses the move from individual adoption to institutionalisation of an information technology innovation: online education in universities. The study focuses on the processes that took place within two universities, one in Sweden and the other in Argentina, regarding online education adoption and the organisational changes developed.The aim is to contribute to the understanding of individual and organisational strategies for the institutionalisation of the innovation. To achieve this aim, three research questions were posed. The first focused on the way in which teachers influence the adoption processes. The next addressed the changes and interactions at the individual and institutional levels resulting from these processes. The third question deepened into the methodological practices that can harmonise stakeholders‟ objectives and the conflicting interests regarding online education initiatives. Innovation theory, complemented with organisational theories provided the foundation for the description and analysis of the information technology innovation and the adoption processes.The results of analysing and interpreting the collected data from the two universities in two different countries (Sweden and Argentina) showed that the adoption processes appeared to be evolutionary rather than revolutionary. The iterative nature of the appropriation and the constant “newness” of the information technology innovation may be plausible explanations for the phenomenon. Though the change has not yet become an integral part of the formal core of the institutions, it has been a great achievement considering the universities‟ structure, culture and resources.The contributions provide complementary and pluralistic insights into the research field of Information Systems, for both theory and practice, as well as into higher education managers‟ decision-making. Furthermore, the knowledge contribution of the thesis could be applied to implementation of information technology innovations in other organisations with similar characteristics as the studied higher education institutions. Such characteristics are, for example, to be complex and knowledge intensive.Interactions at macro and micro organisational levels could be modelled as the cyclic linkage between sensemaking outcomes and institutionalized structures. A higher level of theorization resulted in a meta-theory model to describe and explain the linkage itself within the perspective of adaptive structuration theory.Regarding practice, scholar-engaged research allowed conflicting interests to be reconciled by changing the existing practices through sensemaking and negotiation among stakeholders in an ongoing implementation. As an overall conclusion, online education is still far from being fully institutionalised. After four years of technological and contextual changes during the research development, a positive shift can be seen in teachers‟ attitude towards online education. They show more confidence in working with constantly improved virtual environments. Nevertheless, there are still key factors that need to be faced regarding online education adoption and institutionalisation. These factors are of a strategic nature and the way to handle them seems to be more political than technological or pedagogical.
10.
Hallberg, David, 1978-
(författare)
Lifelong learning : The social impact of digital villages as community resource centres on disadvantaged women
2014
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt) abstract
The overall aim of this research was to enhance the understanding of what affects the social impact of ICT in lifelong learning on disadvantaged women.In contributing to the field of social informatics, this research employs behavioural theories as strategy and analytic possibilities. This research mainly used the Kenyan digital villages as CRCs as settings but did also look beyond such establishments to provide a more solid picture. The studies were located in Kenya with complementary studies in Bolivia, Cameroon, Sri Lanka, and Sweden. The main strategies and methods used were case study, comparative education approaches, and observations and interviewing techniques.The findings suggest that ICT and CRCs have the potential to support disadvantaged women and their lifelong learning. However, the positive social impacts are limited because the arrangement of them generally does not favour vernacular languages, illiterate users, female owners and users, or non-students. In general, the use of ICT was sometimes perceived as forced, which is both a barrier and a stressor in the use of ICT in lifelong learning. It also emerged from the comparative studies that discussions among the participants in the CRCs largely covered issues in respect to 1) family and reproduction and 2) self-esteem, i.e. what settles the matter of the social impact of ICT in lifelong learning depends on change attitude among men and women. With minimal if not zero self-esteem a change that would make the difference or break a woman’s “legendary status quo” in order for a woman to feel that she can reach her goal or ambitions in lifelong learning would be difficult. Hence the lack of self-esteem is a stressor in itself.This research is valuable for stakeholders delving into issues of development and learning using ICTs, not only in Kenya but in a broader, global perspective.
