| 1. |
- Börjesson, Marcus, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
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Flotation REST as a Stress Reduction Method : The Effects on Anxiety, Muscle Tension, and Performance
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Sport Psychology. - : Human Kinetics. - 1932-9261 .- 1932-927X. ; 12:3, s. 333-346
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of the study was to investigate the influence of flotation REST upon skilled and less skilled golfers’ anxiety in terms of physiological indicators of stress, self-rated anxiety scores, muscle tension, and the effect on golf putting. Prior to performing the putting task participants underwent a treatment of flotation REST or a period of resting in an armchair. Participants completed both treatments in a randomized order with a two-week interval. The results showed that both flotation REST and the armchair treatment reduced systolic blood pressure and heart rate, with no differences between treatments or athlete skill levels. No significant differences between treatments were revealed regarding self-ratings, level of muscle tension or putting precision. The results indicate that flotation REST may be useful for reducing negative symptoms related to stress and anxiety in general; however, no support for direct positive effects on golf performance were found.
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| 2. |
- Schüler, Martin
(författare)
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Säkerhet och taktik : militär säkerhetskunskap
- 2020
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Ingår i: Kungl Krigsvetenskapsakademiens Handlingar och Tidskrift. - 0023-5369. ; :3, s. 171-174
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The article argues for a changed perspective on military tactics and safety. By seeing militarytactics as safety knowledge, a wider perspective can be applied to a military problem. Safety isin fact a military core capability impossible to exclude from any military operation. By ignoringsafety, one becomes susceptible to embedded safety flaws, increasing organizational hazards.This could cause mission failure and exposing military personnel to occupational safety risks.
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| 3. |
- Scharf, Christian, et al.
(författare)
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Managerial prerequisites - typical work situations for public sector managers and their relationship with well-being and leadership
- 2023
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Ingår i: Nordic Psychology. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 1901-2276 .- 1904-0016.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Work-related negative effects on well-being have increased in frequency and variability, specifically within the public sector and among managers. In the Job Demands-Resources model it is suggested that increased demands reduce well-being and decrease performance, but the research literature demonstrates little research in the context of managers and leadership. The purpose of this study was to investigate variability in work situations among Swedish public sector managers and how this was related to differences in stress, impaired health, work engagement and leadership performance. 267 managers in a mid-sized Swedish municipality responded to a web-based survey and formed six clusters. Three clusters comprising 42% of managers had less favorable working conditions and significantly worse well-being, less frequent transformational and transactional leadership behaviors as well as slightly lower work engagement. A conclusion from the study is that worse managerial working situations may lead to decreased possibilities to perform leadership in an active way.
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| 4. |
- Österberg, Johan, 1969-, et al.
(författare)
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The Path to Job Satisfaction : Applying the Theory of Purposeful Behavior to Military Conditions
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Defense Resources Management. - Romania. - 2068-9403 .- 2247-6466. ; 8:1, s. 27-42
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to examine the relationships between, on one hand,personality and performance orientation and, on the other, job satisfaction andturnover intentions, using Barrick’s et al. theory of purposeful behavior. Using aquestionnaire, data about job satisfaction, performance orientation and turnover intentions were collected from 300 newly recruited Swedish soldiers. A path analysis gave partial, but not full support to the assumptions behind the theory of purposeful behavior model. No relationships were found between the personality traits of emotional stability and conscientiousness, nor to either performance orientation or directly to job satisfaction. On the other hand, performance orientation showed a consistent relationship to perceived levels of the job characteristics, which mediated the path between the person-related variables and the outcome variables.Performance orientation also showed a strong direct relationship to general job satisfaction, which, in turn, was strongly related to turnover intentions.
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| 5. |
- Schüler, Martin
(författare)
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Planning for Safety when Preparing for War : Competition Brings Out the Wickedness of the Military
- 2022
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Ingår i: 27th ICCRTS Proceedings. - : International Command and Control Institute. ; , s. 1-16, s. 1-16
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The study investigates how two-sided military exercises affect learning and participating personnel's ability to perform tasks safely when confronted with an equally matched opponent. Data were collected from two separate events the Northern Wind 2019 Final Planning Conference and the Northern Wind 2019 exercise using participatory observations and shadowing. The outline of the critical incident technique was used as a guide when designing the data collection and the activity theory framework was used for coding and analyzing the data. The results indicate that a driven desire to win two-sided military exercises can create unsafe work practices by performing work tasks without regard for occupational-, electrical- or fire safety. The results also indicate a need for reshaping the conception of a two-sided military exercise by treating the exercise as a learning opportunity and recognizing the impact of the participating unit on each other’s learning. The study is based on the results of one army exercise and requires further research to understand the activities that take place and how they affect learning and safety. However, it gives some insight into the learning problems occurring during military field exercises.
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| 6. |
- Alvinius, Aida, Docent, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
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Organizational challenges and leaders' coping strategies : a qualitative study of Swedish military staff organization
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Military Studies. - : Walter de Gruyter GmbH. - 2242-3524 .- 1799-3350. ; 9:1, s. 24-33
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Numerous societal change processes such as globalization, professionalization and social and technical acceleration have challenged military organizations. The aims of this study were to (1) gain a deeper understanding of coping strategies used by the military leaders at the strategic level to manage everyday organizational demands and (2) relate these strategies to multidisciplinary models of organizational challenges. Owing to an insufficiently developed base of research, an inductive approach was used. Interviews were performed with 23 Swedish brigadier generals and colonels. Five coping strategies were found for handling the negative organizational aspects: repair work, catching up, reproducing, using formal and informal strategies and managing loyalties. The theoretical concepts of narcissistic, anorectic and greedy organizations were used as a framework when interpreting the inductively generated coping strategies. It was suggested that the specific connection found between individual-level coping strategies and theoretically framed organizational challenges is new. The results of this study are discussed theoretically and may be valuable in educational settings when evaluating the working conditions and performance of high-level officers.
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| 7. |
- Bäccman, Charlotte, et al.
(författare)
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A Construct Validation of a Profession-Focused Personality Questionnaire (PQ) Versus the FFPI and the SIMP
- 2010
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Ingår i: European Journal of Psychological Assessment. - : Hogrefe Publishing Group. - 1015-5759 .- 2151-2426. ; 26:2, s. 136-142
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study is a construct validation of a profession-focused personality questionnaire (PQ), based on the Big Five, and developed for a military population and military context. The sample (N = 363) consisted of participants selected for international services in the Swedish Armed Forces. The structure of the PQ was modeled by means of confirmatory factor analysis, and its convergent validity was tested against the Five Factor Personality Inventory (FFPI) (Hendricks, Hofstee, & de Raad, 1999, 2000) and the Single-Item Measures of Personality (SIMP) (Woods & Hampson, 2005) as correlations. The emergent structure of the PQ – 41 items and 7 aspects – showed good internal consistency and acceptable convergent validity with both criterion instruments. The only nonconvergence was found between the Agreeableness aspect of the PQ, Concern for Others, and Agreeableness of the SIMP, most likely because of the broader SIMP factor. The structure of PQ was tested on a new sample (N = 274) and was found stable regarding the factor loadings and the relations between the factors. While the PQ needs to be investigated further, it seems as if it may become a useful tool in the research of military teams and contexts.
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| 8. |
- Jensen, Eva, et al.
(författare)
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Understanding and control of a simple dynamic system
- 2003
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Ingår i: System Dynamics Review. - : Wiley. - 0883-7066 .- 1099-1727. ; 19:2, s. 119-137
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study examined laypeople's understanding of a simple dynamic system, expressed in reasoning and strategies used by the subjects, and how it affected performance. Participants were 15 undergraduate psychology students, 4 male and 11 female; median age was 24 years, ranging from 21 to 31 years. The subjects' task was to establish equilibrium in a simple predator-and-prey system. A task analysis was performed to identify the problem structure, the vital aspects of the task, and the ideal strategies to perform the task. The subjects' actual performance was compared to these strategies. The results revealed that, even though the task was structurally simple, it was still difficult. Much of these difficulties seemed to stem from a low ability to apply indirect reasoning and thinking in terms of discrete time steps instead of in terms of continuous time. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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| 9. |
- Ohlsson, Alicia, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
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Political skill in higher military staff : Measurement properties and latent profile analysis
- 2022
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Psychology. - : Wiley. - 0036-5564 .- 1467-9450. ; 63:2, s. 144-154
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Social effectiveness, including political skill, reflects individuals’ ways of handling interpersonal processes at work. Most research has used a variable-oriented approach to investigate associations between political skill and key organizational factors, including performance, in civil settings. Thus, little is known of whether political skill transfers to a military context and whether there are specific profiles of political skill. Combining variable-oriented and person-oriented approaches, this study used self-reports from two samples of military student officers to: (1) investigate measurement properties of the 18-item political skill inventory; (2) explore whether it is possible to identify different profiles of political skill; and (3) investigate whether such profiles differ in demographics, personality, and job performance. Exploratory (sample 1: n = 185) and confirmatory (sample 2: n = 183) factor analyses supported a four-dimensional representation of political skill including networking ability, apparent sincerity, social astuteness, and interpersonal influence. Latent profile analysis (samples 1 and 2: N = 368) identified four distinct combinations of these dimensions, namely: (1) weak political skill; (2) weak political skill with strong sincerity; (3) moderate political skill; and (4) strong political skill. Importantly, profiles differed consistently in networking ability. Subsequent comparisons suggested potentially important differences in demographics, personality, and job performance. Despite needing additional research of how profiles of political skill develop over time, these findings may have practical implications for recruitment and training in organizational settings where social effectiveness is important.
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| 10. |
- Berggren, Peter, 1971-, et al.
(författare)
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The shared priorities measure as a way of assessing team strategic awareness : a bridge between self-assessment and the deep blue sea of field recordings
- 2014
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 2014 European Conference on Cognitive Ergonomics. - New York, NY, USA : ACM Digital Library. - 9781450328746 ; , s. 13-
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective, easy to use, easy to comprehend, high face-validity assessment methods for measuring shared awareness in teams are hard to find. This paper describes an experiment where a new measure called Shared Priorities, which is based on ranking of self-generated strategic items, is tested. Trained teams were compared to non-trained teams in a dynamic problem-solving task in terms of performance and shared awareness. The shared priorities measure was used alongside other, well-documented measures of team awareness based on self-rating. The results show that the Shared Priorities measure correlate with performance and could also distinguish between trained and non-trained teams. However, the Shared Priorities measure did not correlate with the other team measures, suggesting that it captures a different quality of team work than the self-rating measures. Further, the shared priorities measure was found to be easily administered and gained a high user acceptance.
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