| 1. |
- Ankre, Rosemarie
(författare)
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Understanding the visitor : A prerequisite for coastal zone planning
- 2007
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Planning for tourism and outdoor recreation in coastal areas could be improved with knowledge of visitors´ attitudes, experiences, activities and geographical dispersion. The purpose of this thesis is to examine the knowledge of visitors in planning for tourism and outdoor recreation. The Luleå archipelago in Northern Sweden was used as a case study.
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| 2. |
- Höglund, Mats
(författare)
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Kampen om fredsmilen : kartan som makt- och kontrollinstrument i 1655 års reduktion
- 2017
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka varför det upprättades så kallade fredsmilskartor i samband med 1655 års reduktion samt att ta reda på vilken funktion dessa kartor hade för statsförvaltningen. Genom att undersöka varför fredsmilskartor framställdes är ambitionen även att klargöra lantmäteriets roll inom statsförvaltningen under 1600-talet. Forskningen om den svenska maktstaten talar samstämmigt om en komplex byråkrati byggd för att dra nytta av och, om möjligt, öka trycket på bönderna i form av fotsoldater till armén och skatteuppbörd. Innehav av jord och rätten att ta ut skatter var några av de viktigaste frågorna under 1600-talet. Min genomgång av arkivet efter Reduktionskollegium visar att en stor fråga för detta kollegium var frågan om fredsmilsdistrikten och kartläggningen av dessa. Frågan handlade främst om hur dessa fredsmilsdistrikt skulle mätas upp av lantmätarna. Två olika typer av mätmetoder debatterades under femton års tid och kartor upprättades, reviderades och upprättades på nytt ett flertal gånger. Anledningen var att nästan alla ledamöter av Reduktionskollegiet var adelsmän med stora jordinnehav inom fredsmilsdistrikten. Adelmännen ville att dessa fredsmilsdistrikt skulle vara så små som möjligt och förespråkade därför en annan mätmetod än den metod som Karl X Gustav bestämt att mäta fredsmilen på för lantmätarna. Min undersökning visar dock att lantmätarna, som såg sig som kungliga tjänare i kronans tjänst snarare än som adelns tjänare, höll fast vid den mätmetod som kungen från början hade bestämt. Kartläggningen av fredsmilsdistrikten var en av de viktigaste frågorna för Reduktionskollegiet efter riksdagsbeslutet 1655. Avhandlingen kan visa att lantmäteriet var väl etablerat i Sverige i mitten av sextonhundratalet och att upprättandet av kartor var en förutsättning för 1655 års reduktion i fredsmilsdistrikten.
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| 3. |
- von Oelreich, Jacob, 1978-
(författare)
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Shorelines of adaptation and fields of innovation : Emerging sustainability transformations in sea-level rise planning and the food system
- 2017
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This licentiate thesis builds on the understanding that there is an urgent need for radical and systemic transformations towards sustainability in all parts of society, since current socio-ecological relations are highly unsustainable. The aim of the thesis is to explore emerging societal transformations towards strengthened sustainability through case studies within planning for sea-level rise and the food system, respectively.A warmer climate leads to rising sea levels. Although it is uncertain how fast sea levels will rise, and by how much, preparing and adapting to sea-level rise is crucial for society. The global food system is profoundly unsustainable and in need of transformations to sustainability. This thesis links two separate studies, one examining the state of planning for future sea-level rise in Swedish municipalities, the other exploring to what extent organic food initiatives can push the dominant food system in the direction of sustainability transformations. In both studies, the main methods used are qualitative interviews and document surveys.The results show that transformational change towards sustainability builds on different strategies in different fields. Whereas in planning for sea-level rise the emphasis lies on handling and adapting to one of the main impacts of climate change, rising sea levels, under conditions of uncertainty, the focus within food systems change directed at sustainability lies on creating sustainable alternatives that can challenge the dominant food regime. However, in both fields there is a need for moving from a currently dominant regime or paradigm to one characterized by sustainability and dynamic robustness, respectively. This requires a shift in understanding of socio-ecological relations, in turn connected to values and politics.Key recommendations from this thesis include that planning for sea-level rise should be guided by dynamically robust planning approaches, worst-case scenarios for future sea-level rise should be taken into account, a long-term perspective should be considered, and a national strategy for sea-level rise planning in Sweden should be developed. To strengthen the sustainability of the food system, a variety of organic food initiatives, methods and models should be encouraged, organic food initiatives should persistently strive to build niches and alliances departing from Organic 3.0 values, and as sustainability transformations require radical and systemic changes in values, governance, social practices, policies and economic structures, food systems change should be aimed accordingly.
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| 4. |
- Haider, L. Jamila, 1987-
(författare)
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Understanding poverty traps in biocultural landscapes
- 2015
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Over one and a half billion people live in poverty, with some 795 million suffering from chronic malnourishment. For many of these people this perilous situation has persisted for decades or more, in what is popularly characterized as a poverty ‘trap’. Some of the poorest areas in the world, commonly held up as examples of poverty traps, also boast exceptionally high levels of agricultural and cultural diversity. This same diversity (which we call biocultural diversity) underpins both the present and future social-ecological resilience of the communities that reside in such landscapes. The way that poverty traps are conceptualized, however, as part of the design and implementation process of conventional development interventions, can mean that these interventions may inadvertently result in the reduction of the very diversity that may be so vital to future development pathways and the long-term prosperity of the people in rural landscapes. The specific question addressed in this licentiate thesis is: How are poverty traps conceptualized in rural development? The aim is to contribute to a more nuanced conceptualization of poverty alleviation that explicitly takes biological and cultural diversity into consideration, thereby maintaining future potential sources of resilience. In doing so the licentiate thesis seeks to provide a more powerful heuristic basis for identifying and assessing the drivers and mechanisms of persistent poverty. Paper I offers an example of a specific case (Central Romania) representing the problem of persistent poverty in a biocultural context and addresses barriers to rural development using ‘traps’ as a conceptual framing. The findings of the paper demonstrate that multiple barriers to rural development are often interacting and mutually reinforcing, and therefore need to be tackled simultaneously, and with an additional focus on the interactions themselves, as well as each of the barriers. Paper I highlighted some of the current shortfalls of the concept of traps, namely a somewhat inconsistent literature which motivates the need for a synthesis of traps in development economics and sustainability science. Paper II provides an overview of trap conceptualisations in the broader literature (across all disciplines that address ‘trap’ dilemmas) and specifically the interplay between trap conceptualizations and causal mechanisms of traps in rural development contexts. The paper concludes that in the transition out of rural poverty, development practice may benefit substantially from a broader, more nuanced and holistic conceptualization of trap dynamics in resource dependent contexts. This argument is based on appreciation of four propositions from social-ecological thinking: (i) scale-mismatch, (ii) a more explicit recognition of the external drivers of traps, (iii) historical path-dependency, and (iv) biological and cultural diversity. In summary, the licentiate thesis contends that the way development scholars have conceptualised poverty traps may influence the way poverty is alleviated (or not). Overcoming poverty is more complicated than even multidimensional wellbeing thresholds due to unintended consequences on biological and cultural diversity, for example. Through maintaining a limited poverty traps conceptualization, we may be obscuring the ability to see the interactions that could lead to alternative, more resilient, development trajectories.
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| 5. |
- Unsworth, Samuel John, 1990
(författare)
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Where from and by whom? Tracing academic and practitioner visions of energy systems change related to lower income countries
- 2023
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Dominant agendas of global sustainable development broadly emphasise the urgency of a transition towards an environmentally, socially and economically preferable future. Critical scholars have raised concerns that this transition either produces new environmental, social and economic problems or reproduces those problems of the present system. They call instead for more radical transformations, encapsulating both material change and epistemic pluralism in research related to this. Energy systems are a key domain in which these different conceptualisations of change are discussed. One critical area in which perspectives diverge regards the spatial aspects of how energy systems change is designed and implemented within and between countries. Where do, will or could the drivers of sociotechnical change stem from? Which places are expected to be more beneficiaries than generators of change, and what are the implications of this for ambitions of “sustainability”? The answers to these questions, I argue, depend on how, and from where, these processes of change are envisioned. This licentiate thesis advances this inquiry by exploring how, from where, by whom and for whom energy systems change is envisioned related to lower income countries, with Rwanda as the principal country of focus. This broad landscape is explored through a synthesis of three articles which approach these questions using different theoretical approaches. These articles analyse processes of knowledge production at a global level. They also explore how energy systems change is envisioned by academics from diverse research traditions. They additionally examine actors seeking to facilitate or implement energy systems change at a national and subnational level. Together, my analysis shows that actors who are from, or based in, higher income countries are often envisioned as the principal architects of energy systems change. Common kinds of actors invoked include scientists, donors or private sector companies with an international footprint. Additionally, similar ideas are often articulated by actors who describe themselves as being from lower income countries. A prerequisite for the latter is however that they either are: (1) practitioners working for organisations headquartered in higher income countries, or (2) academics working with theory developed in higher income countries. Alternatives to these visions exist. Such alternatives place a greater emphasis on the role of users as coproducers of change originating from whichever place is envisioned to benefit from change. This licentiate thesis therefore illustrates the need for both academics and practitioners – particularly those based in or from higher income countries and working in relation to lower income countries – to reflect carefully on how they envision the energy systems change which they participate in. This is to avoid locking in assumptions regarding who or what drives change, particularly when change is urgently demanded. I argue that such assumptions risk locking lower income countries such as Rwanda into global circuits of capital on an imbalanced footing. This may reproduce relationships of economic dependence and capital accumulation in higher income countries. The thesis concludes by reflecting where else this thesis may speak to, noting my own analytical focus on the geographic situatedness of knowledge making. I argue that this thesis may be relevant to other locations besides Rwanda (and perhaps even locations in higher income countries) which host encounters between globalised agendas of change emphasising urgency and scale and other possibilities which are more rooted in localised framings of problems and solutions.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Kmoch, Laura, 1987
(författare)
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Rural Livelihood Options for "a better and more sustainable future". Local perspectives from Myanmar and Morocco
- 2018
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In 2015, state leaders adopted the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, to address global inequalities and respond to heightened concern about challenges, arising from contemporary global change. This thesis contributes to addressing these challenges, by extending the knowledge base that rural development stakeholders can draw on to co-construct viable livelihood options for vulnerable rural people. Paper I does so on the basis of cross-sectional household survey data and clustering techniques, applied to explore the differentiated livelihood strategies of rural people in Myanmar. Results of this study show that households engaged in six relatively distinct livelihood strategies, which differed in terms of their relative reliance on land-based vis-à-vis other income generation activities and their income poverty implications. These findings imply differentiated vulnerabilities of rural households, e.g. to climate change, shifting land-governance regimes and labour market forces. Paper II is based on local knowledge research, exploring the opportunity space for a tree-based adaptation of livelihoods and farming systems in Morocco’s drylands. Results of this study show that respondents already maintain a diversity of trees on their farms, but water scarcity, the low profitability of production systems and social conflicts constitute critical barriers to an agroforestry-based climate adaptation. Paper II further demonstrates the utility of local knowledge in climate adaptation research, showing that local knowledge methods facilitate inquiry into the contextual variability of livelihood contexts, technology-adoption barriers and extension priorities that farmers perceive. Brought together, both papers contribute to realising the vision of “a better and more sustainable future” for rural people.
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| 8. |
- Brummer, Katharina, 1964-
(författare)
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Att skapa kvalitet : En studie av den svenska TV-produktionens definition av kvalitet och kvalitetens betydelse för branschen
- 2014
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In light of the growing TV industry in Sweden competition is intensified. Production companies have increased in number and public service has gone through major organizational changes in order to adapt to the new market conditions. Stockholm is the major cluster for TV production. As a consequence production firms are located there. The thesis reveals that competition has risen and a certain trend of specialization has taken place. The Swedish public television provider has increased its collaboration with other production companies and also exports its own formats. As quality plays a crucial part in TV production it is relevant to understand the stakeholders and their definition of the concept of quality in relation to production and what role it plays in the interconnection between the decision makers and the creators. This thesis addresses two subjects. First the geographic nature of the Swedish TV industry: Its location, district and the network within the Stockholm region. Second the concept of quality and how the different stakeholders’ within the Stockholm region define quality in TV production. Using qualitative interviews similarities and differences in the concept of quality were discovered. The major differences are related to stakeholders’ relation to the cultural and economic spheres. Two formats were singled out for comparison: Reality shows and TV-series (all genres). Firstly gate-keepers definitions in relation to formats and genres are analyzed through interviews. Secondly a participatory observation of the Swedish drama series Real Humans was conducted. By observing and interacting with the production and those involved the concept of quality is addressed in the creative context. I argue that there are similarities in the conceptualization of quality between different stakeholders but differences when prioritizing and crafting quality. Hence there is a complexity in the definition within TV-production which is identified and discussed in this thesis.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Essebo, Maja, 1980
(författare)
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The Story of Sustainable Mobility - the Role of Myths in Sustainable Mobility Transitions
- 2011
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This compilation licentiate contains a kappa followed by two papers with the common purpose of introducing the conceptual framework of myth theory to the study of sustainable mobility transitions. Myth is presented here as story that reflects ideology, alleviates anxiety and rationalises everyday practices. A myth holds the power of the obvious; that which goes unquestioned or is simply taken for granted. It is asserted that truth neither makes nor breaks myth, as myths are based on belief rather than factual support. The two papers discuss myth in the context of human geography in general and the research field of sustainable mobility in particular. The first paper – Sustainable Mobility as Make-Believe – reviews the concept of myth and discusses the two mobility myths of prosperity through mobility and sustainable mobility. Paper two – Contradictions of Mobility: The Illogic of Growth and the Logic of Myth – further develops the myth of sustainable mobility. It argues that this myth should be seen not as one, but two stories – development as quantitative growth and the discourse of sustainability – the combination of which circumvents the ecological unsustainability of perpetual mobility growth by making sustainability a type of rather than a limit to quantitative growth. The kappa builds on the foundations in the two papers with the aim of developing the concept of myth towards practical application in sustainable mobility research. The construction of myth is further developed and discussed in relation to the central concepts of language and truth and its conceptual relatives discourse and narrative. The multi-level perspective is presented as a potential heuristic tool for guiding the application of myth theory in transition studies. In a final section, the upcoming case-study set in a highly mobile region trying to achieve urban sustainable mobility is presented, emphasising the material aspect of myth.
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