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- Germundsson, Tomas, et al.
(författare)
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In Search of Nordic Landscape Geography : Tensions, Combinations and Relations
- 2022
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Ingår i: Socio-spatial Theory in Nordic Geography. - Cham : Springer. - 9783031042331 - 9783031042348 - 9783031042362 ; , s. 105-125
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Through tracing what ‘landscape’ has meant, and the political and intellectual work that ‘landscape’ does, we in this chapter explore the shifting nature of Nordic landscape geography. We thereby aim to introduce readers to the role of the landscape concept within Nordic scholarship and critically engage with contemporary debates over the nature and meaning of landscape. Landscape was an important political concept long before the advent of geography as a discipline in the Nordic countries, though what landscape denoted differed between various national and linguistic settings. Based in our mapping of the concept as it has evolved within geography and related disciplines, we centre on three strands of landscape scholarship today: mediations on a particularly ‘Nordic’ substantive landscape concept, attempts to utilise landscape as a concept to influence planning, and attempts to utilise landscape as a concept to grasp environmental issues. Scrutinising these current traditions leads us to primarily underline the necessity of relational approaches to steer the concept away from a problematic and narrow emphasis on the local scale. Yet, and importantly, various relational approaches take analysis in different directions, leading us to also underscore the necessity of critically scrutinising where particular relational approaches might lead landscape geography.
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- Brogaard, Sara, et al.
(författare)
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Climate extremes – a study of vulnerability, adaptation, and loss & damage in relation to the 2018 drought, focusing on Southern Sweden
- 2019
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The extreme weather in terms of drought and heat, which prevailed in Northern Europe during the growing season 2018, had serious consequences for agriculture and farmers in Sweden. Many questions regarding farm production came to a head as drought struck directly against farmers land, economy and wellbeing. This paper argues that it is essential to deeper investigate farmer’s and other land user’s experiences and actions during the drought period and the immediately following situation, also in a high-income country context. The overall aim is therefore to increase the knowledge on multiple factor vulnerability and adaptive capacities with insights across selected rural livelihoods, focusing on Southern Sweden. We emphasize questions such as who, when and how rural land users are affected. In the study, we interpret loss and damage as “limits to adaptation” and consider both economic and non-economic dimensions for crop growers, animal keepers and horse businesses. The study is mainly based on qualitative data collection methods, such as semi-structured interviews in combination with seasonal calendars, and complemented with questionnaires.Preliminary findings indicate that impacts on crop growers are highly related to possibilities for irrigation and access to water use permits, but also to soil quality. In comparison to animal keepers their experienced impact can be considered being ‘intermediate’ in temporal terms. For animal keepers the experienced impacts are simultaneously more immediate, due to acute fodder shortage, and more long term, because of changing stock compositions, animal health, and reproduction – possibly also giving rise to higher levels of concern and worry. In the paper we further discuss if, and when, rural livelihoods are potentially given up in the wake of extreme weather events. We believe that this study can help define factors of vulnerability, loss and damage in a Global North context.
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- Brogaard, Sara, et al.
(författare)
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Food systems and farmers’ behavior during an extreme event: : an analysis of actions and governance following the 2018 drought in Sweden
- 2020
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The extreme weather in terms of drought and heat, which prevailed in Northern Europe during the growing season 2018, had serious consequences for food production and farmers in southern Sweden. Many questions regarding farm production came to a head as drought struck directly against farmers land, economy and wellbeing and hence created vulnerability. This paper analyzes how farmers experienced the turbulent time of a climate extreme and focuses on how they related to the societal institutions that generally govern the agricultural sector. The course of events showed how the existing agricultural institutions were struggling with the situation and partly lacked the capacity to handle a crisis of this kind. By studying more closely how farmers in this situation solved the problems, among other things through increased collaboration, measures to improve adaptability can be identified. In the paper we relate to the distinction in climate literature between autonomous and planned adaptation. Autonomous adaptation is understood as more improvised adaptation measures taken by individual actors (e.g. farmers) to deal with changing demands and conditions, while planned adaptation refers to the deliberate creation and implementation of policies to deal with the impacts of climate change. Our empirical material consists of in-depth interviews with farmers in southern Sweden and a larger survey material collected during 2019.From these concepts and by studying these challenges from the land users' perspective, we gain an expanded understanding of needed governance interventions for increasing the resilience in modern agriculture.
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- Berg, Johan, 1967-
(författare)
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Gods och landskap : Jordägande, bebyggelse och samhälle i Östergötland 1000-1562
- 2003
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This study examines landownership structures and settlement during the Middle Ages in the province of Östergötland in Sweden. It departs from a critical approach to the established view of social structure and property in the Scandinavian medieval society.The investigations are made at two levels. The first level is a cross section of the mid 16th century. This investigation shows that lay aristocrats and ecclesiastical institutions controlled most of the land, especially in the core areas of the parishes. The second level is a detailed investigation at the farm level in six parishes starting from the middle of the 16th century and working retrogresively to the early Middle Ages. This study shows that the landowning structure of the 16th century can be traced back to about AD 1300. For the early Middle Ages reconstructions are made through inheritance successions and genealogies of the aristocratic families. These reconstructions show that, in some parishes, most of the land was probably controlled by a few very rich families or dynasties during the early Middle Ages. The results lead to a question about the Viking Age and medieval society in general. This question is answered in a hypothesis stressing the development of the concept of land ownership in combination with the development of the land tenure system as one of the important factors for reproduction of local power during the Viking Age and early Middle Ages.
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- Franzén, Kristina, 1951-
(författare)
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Att flytta Axis Mundi : Om det kyrkliga landskapets struktur och förändring i Strängnäs och Växjö stift 1780–1880
- 2004
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The investigation takes its point of departure in the Royal Ordinances which regulated church-building during the period 1780–1880 and how the bishops in the Dioceses of Strängnäs and Växjö, respectively, used these Ordinances to restructure and rationalize the parochial landscape, i.e. regulate the number of parishes and churches. The Diocese of Växjö is characterized by intensive church-building activity during the period, while in the Diocese of Strängnäs hardly any new churches were built. An important cause for this difference was major differences in parish structure. The Diocese of Strängnäs had a more uniform pattern than the Diocese of Växjö with regard to the area and population of the parishes for one thing, their internal organization into vicarages of different size on the other.An important factor, particularly in the Diocese of Strängnäs, was changes in the agricultural production system. An increasing use of cottager labour made for a more mobile population and increased social distances in the parishes. As land ownership regulated voting rights at the parish councils, the number of those who had any say in the joint concerns of the parish, such as church-building, went down at the same time as the estate owners became less and less interested in such matters. Planning and decisionmaking at the parish councils therefore were wanting and decisions to build a church could not be taken.Another important circumstance was that a real need for church renewal in the Diocese of Strängnäs was not at hand until towards the end of the 19th century. At that time a lower rate of church attendance together with the above-mentioned difficulties to reach decisions made for the old churches to be kept
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