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| 2. |
- Paulsson, Alexander, et al.
(författare)
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Shaping Smart Mobility Futures : Governance and Policy Instruments in times of Sustainability Transitions
- 2020
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Smart mobility includes automation, shared mobility services and other new forms of mobility made possible by digital technologies. This book argues that smart mobility will only be developed in a desired direction and fulfil global sustainability goals if it is steered in that direction. There is a vast body of literature on public policy and policy instruments, and there are many different conceptualisations and categorisations. Applying an open and broad approach, whereby a variety of policy instruments that are used to govern smart mobility are introduced and discussed, this book is ideal for both professionals and researchers. The book is organised into three parts: the first part explores why there is a need for policy instruments in relation to smart mobility, the second part examines how policy instruments are chosen and developed, and the third part explores what policy instruments are doing and what smart mobility is doing to them. Of the policy instruments used today, many focus on producing knowledge for governments and thereby making smart mobility governable. Because of the difficulties with implementing policy instruments that make the transport sector more sustainable, the book concludes by discussing in which ways citizen deliberation can breathe new life into the debate.
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| 3. |
- Smith, Göran, 1988-, et al.
(författare)
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Public-private MaaS : Unchallenged assumptions and issues of conflict in Sweden
- 2023
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Ingår i: Research in Transportation Economics. - : Elsevier. - 0739-8859 .- 1875-7979. ; 99
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Despite an increase in Mobility-as-a-Service (MaaS) initiatives that aim to pave the way for both public and private MaaS Operators, such MaaS models have received limited scholarly attention. Uncertainties therefore remain in terms of how public-private MaaS can be realized and governed. This paper addresses this problem through an exploratory case study of an attempt to reform the business ecosystem for mobility services in Sweden, which is conceptualized as a move towards public-private MaaS. Inspired by the What-is-the-Problem -Represented-to-Be approach, the paper analyzes what problem representations and assumptions underpin the proposed reform and outlines issues of conflict across the involved actors. Drawing on these findings, the paper highlights disagreements on problems, centralization, and responsibilities as challenges to public-private MaaS developments and proposes that an inclusive and pragmatic governance strategy is key for effective and dem-ocratic governance of MaaS. Additionally, three avenues for future research are identified: development of analytical tools that better represent the complexity of MaaS governance choices, studies of how the prevailing narrative around MaaS influences developments, and analyses of governance strategies' effectiveness in relation to political objectives for MaaS developments.
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| 4. |
- Bergström, Tomas, et al.
(författare)
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Lost in Translation Forever : Implementation of sustainable mobility in an era of governance and New Public Management
- 2007
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Ingår i: 11th World Conference on Transport Research.. - Berkely : University of California.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This paper describes the development of implementation theory in an era of “governance” and new management ideas, often labeled New Public Management. The paper gives a presentation of some general concerns raised by the IMplementation Paths for ACTion towards sustainable mobility (IMPACT) program, that is how measures aiming at sustainable solutions could be implemented within the transport sector. Implementation is in focus but is dealt with from three different aspects in the initial stages of the program. First, and this is the main focus of this paper, the developments within implementation research are analyzed. What has happened since the early 1970’s in theory and practice that leads us to reconsider the ways we understand implementation in theory but also the advice we could offer to decision makers? Secondly, in another paper the special context of transport is discussed. What, if anything, is different about implementing policies etc in the transport sector? Lastly, the implications of implementation of sustainability as such are discussed in yet another paper. What special difficulties are involved if the “thing” to be implemented is such a notoriously vague concept?
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| 5. |
- Bergström, Tomas, et al.
(författare)
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Reinterpreting Implementation : Sustainable transport as a paradigmatic case
- 2008
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Ingår i: Proceedings from TransportMistra's Final Scientific Conference. - : TransportMistra.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Implementation is a fairly old concept but as relevant as ever. We have witnessed a general change of the public sector in the direction of governance, networks, contracting out, Public-Private Partnerships etc. This brings to the fore the following question: What has happened since the early 1970’s in theory and practice that might lead us to reconsider the ways we understand implementation in theory but also the advice we could offer to decision makers? To narrow down this broad question we choose to focus on the transport sector and more specifically on sustainable transport. We argue that sustainable transport is a particularly good case to discuss possible changes in implementation patterns.
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| 6. |
- Fearnley, Nils, et al.
(författare)
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Best practices and recommendations on policy packaging
- 2011
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This report, which is the final deliverable of the Optic project (Optimal Policies for Transport In Combination), summarises two years of collaborative research into the policy process of combining individual measures into policy packages.Six stages of the policy process are identified. This report gives practical and general advice for each of these stages:Define objectives and targetsCreate an inventory of measures, identify potential primary measures and detect causal relationshipsAssess policy packageModify packagePackage implementationEvaluate effects, introduce remedial actionsIn addition, this report explores in further detail indicators and tools for the assessment of policy packages; the management of barriers; and issues of transferability.
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| 7. |
- Givoni, Moshe, et al.
(författare)
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Inventory of measures, typology of non-intentional effects and a framework for policy packaging
- 2010
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This document represents the conceptual foundations of the EU-FP7 OPTIC project. As such, it seeks to provide a range of theoretical resources with which to develop an informed and pragmatic understanding of the complex causal processes involved in contemporary transport policy-making at the European level. Specifically, this deliverable aims to further methodological advancement with respect to the identification, classification, ex-ante prevention and ex-post mitigation of policies' unintended effects, and the systematic manner in which individual policy measures may be combined so as to improve their effectiveness, acceptability and feasibility. Overall, we argue that policy packaging can offer a far greater potential for achieving policy targets and objectives than single policy measures deployed in isolation. Yet, a careful and relatively well designed process must be undertaken for such packages to be effective.
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| 8. |
- Gudmundsson, Henrik, et al.
(författare)
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Some use - Little influence? : On the roles of indicators in European sustainable transport policy
- 2013
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Ingår i: Ecological Indicators. - : Elsevier. - 1470-160X .- 1872-7034. ; 35, s. 43-51
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The paper focuses on the use and influence of indicators in European sustainable transport policy from a ‘knowledge utilization’ research point of view. The starting point is the contrast between the widely held idea that indicators are important tools for sustainable transport policy making, versus ‘knowledge utilization’ oriented research, which has often demonstrated that formal technical knowledge is used much less, or at least differently, than expected in policy and decision making.The paper looks at two cases of indicators applied for strategic policy making within the sustainable transport agenda. The first case concerns indicators tracking the fulfillment of national transport policy objectives in Sweden. The case explores the use and influence of an annual monitoring and evaluation report produced for this purpose, within a general ‘Management-by-Objectives’ regime. The second case deals with indicators applied for the Mid-Term Review of the European Commission's transport policy White Paper ‘Time to Decide’ (issued in 2001). The focus in this case is on a particular indicator based study conducted in 2005 by a group of consultants in close collaboration with European Commission staff.It is found that several indicators in both cases are actually used in policy processes, with evidence of use found in documents as well as interviews. However, ‘use’ does not automatically mean ‘influence’ on policies or processes in more than a superficial manner. Indicators seem to play a very limited direct instrumental role, while some signs of symbolic, conceptual and process roles are found. In the EU case we identify what is called a rationalization role of indicators, meaning that indicators inform and help to rationalize a change in the position towards key objectives. Several factors that characterize the indicators, the users, and policy context are found to contribute to understand the type of use and influence observed in both cases.
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| 9. |
- Gudmundsson, Henrik, et al.
(författare)
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The Use and Influence of Indicators in European Sustainable Transport Policy
- 2011
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The paper focuses on the use and influence of indicators in European sustainable transport policy from a knowledge utilization research point of view, using a qualitative approach. The starting point is the contrast between a general proposition that indicators are important tools for sustainable transport policy making, and utilization oriented research literature, which has often demonstrated that formal technical knowledge is used much less, or at least differently, than expected in policy and decision making.The paper looks at two cases of indicators applied for strategic policy making within the sustainable transport agenda. The first case concerns indicators tracking the fulfillment of national transport policy objectives in Sweden. The case explores the use and influence of an annual monitoring and evaluation report produced for this purpose. The second case deals with indicators applied for the Mid-Term Review of the European Commission.s transport policy White Paper „Time to Decide. We focus on use and influence of the indicator based study ASSESS conducted in 2005.It is found that several indicators are in fact used in policy processes, as evidenced in policy documents as well as through interviews. However, use does not automatically mean influence on policies or processes in more than the most superficial manner. Indicators seem to play an – at most - limited instrumental role in the studied policy cases while some signs of symbolic, conceptual and process roles are found. In the EU case some evidence of what we call a rationalization role of indicators is found, meaning that indicators inform and help to rationalize a change in the European Commissions position towards key objectives, and gain influence in this way. Factors that characterize the indicators, the users, the policy setting and the economic and political background may all contribute to explaining the type of use and influence observed in both cases.
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| 10. |
- Hansson, Lisa, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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What is public participation in transport in times of change?
- 2023
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Ingår i: Public Participation in Transport in Times of Change. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 9781804550380 - 9781804550373 ; , s. 3-14
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- A general global wave of public participation is occurring. Students and researchers as well as civil servants, policy-makers, and NGO representatives are encouraged to study, propose, and engage in public participation. New innovative forms of participation are suggested, and experiments in participation are ongoing locally and nationally. Within the transport sector, most studies of participation focus on road infrastructure and other land use changes. However, for other areas within transport, studies are limited and fragmented. Based on this, we see a need for a volume on public participation in transport, aimed at practitioners, students, and researchers, in what are unarguably times of change. The overall aim of the volume is to provide examples of different forms of public participation in transport, which can work as a setting for further analyses and discussions of public participation in transport. Drawing on different cases, eight empirical chapters are presented covering three main themes: grass-roots participation initiatives, participation in unconventional areas, and public participation that throws up unexpected results. In this introductory chapter, we set the scene for later discussions and analyses of public participation in transport. This chapter also provides an overview of the structure and content of the volume.
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