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- Petersson-Bloom, Linda, et al.
(författare)
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The Use of Professional Development to Enhance Education of Students with Autism : A Systematic Review
- 2023
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Ingår i: Education Sciences. - : MDPI AG. - 2227-7102. ; 13:9, s. 1-13
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The study objective in this article was to present the state-of-the-art on teachers’ professional development to enhance educational quality for students with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) in primary and secondary education. A systematic review was conducted, following the PRISMA guidelines. Quantitative, qualitative, and mixed-methods studies were eligible for inclusion. Fifteen studies were identified and summarized. To identify the eligibility criteria, we applied the SPIDER framework. Quality appraisal was applied using the MMAT. A thematic summary and narrative synthesis of the included studies was conducted to establish a comprehensive understanding of what makes a difference in preparation for teachers of autistic students. Two key factors were found regarding the design of professional development for teachers to enhance their skills to teach autistic students. Firstly, teachers’ developed autism-specific knowledge, and secondly, the need for practice-based training with a focus on the challenges teachers meet at their own schools. Multiple ways of addressing teachers’ need for professional development regarding autistic students may further contribute to inclusive values and actions.
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| 4. |
- Plantin Ewe, Linda, et al.
(författare)
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Teachers’ relational competence : perceptions of teachers and students with and without ADHD and ASD
- 2023
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Ingår i: Emotional and Behavioural Difficulties. - : Taylor and Francis Ltd.. - 1363-2752 .- 1741-2692. ; 28:2-3, s. 198-215
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study examined whether teachers’ professional development of their relational competence with students with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and/or autism spectrum disorder (ASD) modifies teachers’ and students’ perceptions of their teacher-student relationships (TSR). Participants comprised teachers (n = 33) and students (n = 232) from two elementary schools: one intervention school (InS) and one control school (CoS). InS teachers reported significant TSR improvements, regardless of student group or gender (p =.03). Among InS students, significant results were driven by female neurodiverse (ND) students and neurotypical (NT) male students (p =.03). Nevertheless, positive effects were solely observed among ND female students, while NT male students, conversely, reported decreased TSR during follow-up tests. No significant effects were found at the CoS irrespective of teacher or student ratings. The findings suggest that enhancing teachers’ understanding of relational competence concerning ND students will not only improve their own perceptions of their TSR but also those of ND female students. Nonetheless, directing teachers’ focus towards one student group (ND students) risks diminishing teachers’ attention towards other student groups, potentially explaining the poorer follow-up results among NT boys. The finding warrants further investigation, as it indicates a challenge for teachers to establish sufficient relational engagement with all students.
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- Östlund, Daniel, 1974, et al.
(författare)
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In between special needs teachers and students: paraprofessionals work in self-contained classrooms for students with intellectual disabilities in Sweden
- 2021
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Ingår i: European Journal of Special Needs Education. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0885-6257 .- 1469-591X. ; 36:2, s. 168-182
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Based on street-level bureaucracy, this study investigates the paraprofessional role and assignments in self-contained classrooms for students with intellectual disabilities in Sweden. The research design contains a mixed method approach using a digital questionnaire for paraprofessionals (N = 60) and semi-structured interviews with four special teachers and five paraprofessionals. The results demonstrate that paraprofessionals cooperate with special needs teachers and have a supportive role working with students throughout the day. A lack of support for paraprofessionals’ professional development and few opportunities for them to co-plan, co-teach and co-assess with special needs teachers is said to hinder this advancement. The complexity of being both an educator in the classroom and a caregiver taking the responsibility for students’ wellbeing, peer-to-peer relations and care orientated work tasks are discussed.
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- Barow, Thomas, 1969, et al.
(författare)
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Special education needs assessment report in Sweden and Germany: comparative perspectives
- 2018
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Ingår i: Konferensbidrag: The 46th Congress of the Nordic Educational Research Association (NERA): Educational Research: Boundaries, Breaches and Bridges, 8-10 March 2018, University of Oslo, Norway.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Research topic/Aim: Recently, in discussions on inclusive education, questions of testing and diagnostic cultures attracted attention (Hamre, Morin & Ydesen, 2018). Within the framework of this project, we have examined special educational needs (SEN) assessment in the Swedish region Scania and the German state North Rhine-Westphalia (NRW). In both countries, investigation procedures are carried out before a pupil is categorized as having SEN. However, the SEN definitions and the categorization processes in Sweden and Germany differ. The investigations are carried out by different occupational groups and decision makers. Special education teachers are always involved, but they are expected to cooperate with other professionals, e.g. regular school teachers (NRW) and the pupil welfare team (Sweden). As an in-depth study, our research aims to examine and analyse the outcomes of these different structures and procedures in Swedish and German SEN assessment reports. The research addresses the following questions: 1. What are the central elements of SEN assessment in Sweden and NRW? 2. How do guardians and the pupils concerned participate in the assessment? 3. Which consequences do the SEN assessment reports suggest? 4. Which thought styles become apparent in the assessment reports? Theoretical frameworks: The research is inspired by the work of Fleck (1979), seeing the supplement, development and transformation of thought styles as being responsible for empirical discovery. It is supposed that the SEN reports are characterised by different thought styles which can be related to a categorical or relational perspective regarding school problems (Emanuelsson, Persson & Rosenqvist, 2001). Methodology/research design: A qualitative research approach was adopted. 30 assessment reports were collected in Scania; 29 in NRW. We accessed the material by contacting schools (Scania) or school administrations (NRW). A content analysis was conducted. Limitations can be seen in the low number of reports and the selection process, being dependent on the preselection of professionals. Expected conclusions/Findings: In an international comparative perspective, both differences and similarities were found. Observations were used as a method of investigation both in Sweden and Germany. However, intelligence tests were often conducted in NRW, but only exceptional in Scania. In both countries, the perspective of guardians and pupils is hardly documented. Regarding consequences of the assessment, measures on the individual level dominate, in the German examples even more notable than in Swedish cases. In line with earlier research this tendency is interpreted as maintenance of a thought style focusing on the pupils’ individual “failure”, and to less extent on the adaptation of the learning environment. Relevance for Nordic Educational Research: Comparative research on assessment will contribute to further discuss and elaborate diagnostic approaches both in the Nordic countries and international. References Emanuelsson, I., Persson, B. & Rosenqvist, J. (2001). Forskning inom det specialpedagogiska området: en kunskapsöversikt. Stockholm: Statens skolverk. Fleck, L. (1979). Genesis and development of a scientific fact. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Hamre, B., Morin, A. & Ydesen, C. (Eds.) (2018, forthcoming). Testing and Inclusive Schooling: International challenges and opportunities. Abingdon: Routledge.
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| 7. |
- Barow, Thomas, 1969, et al.
(författare)
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Stuck in failure: comparing special education needs assessment policies and practices in Sweden and Germany
- 2020
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Ingår i: Nordic Journal of Studies in Educational Policy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 2002-0317. ; 6:1, s. 37-46
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The definition for special education needs (SEN) and the policies for its assessment varies widely between countries. This paper aims to investigate similarities and differences through a Swedish-German comparative approach. Based on the distinction between categorical and relational perspectives as expressions of specific thought styles, 58 SEN assessment reports from both countries were qualitatively analysed. The results demonstrate the maintenance of the categorical perspective in terms of focusing on the pupil’s ‘failure’. This result is even more notable in the German examples than the Swedish cases. Exceptionally and in both countries, a relational perspective emerges, taking teaching and the social environment into account. In conclusion, we suggest a flexible SEN approach with a stronger emphasis on the relation between the individual and the learning environment.
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| 8. |
- Beery, Thomas, 1962-, et al.
(författare)
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Pre-service early childhood educator experience in a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve
- 2021
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Ingår i: Sustainability. - 2071-1050. ; 13:8, s. 1-20
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There has been significant interest in the values and benefits of early childhood nature experiences on children’s well-being and development. One aspect of studying the exposure of children to nature that requires more focus is the role played by early childhood educators. In particular, there is a need for early childhood environmental education training for pre-service educators. This study will explore the use of a UNESCO Biosphere Reserve as an outdoor classroom for early childhood environmental education pre-service professionals. Exploratory quantitative and qualitative descriptive data from a series of three short surveys (pre/post/delayed post) provide a basic overview of pre-service teacher perspectives, experiences, and outcomes of an environmental education intervention. The results indicate that the participating pre-service educators had little to no familiarity with the environmental concepts or the biosphere reserve site before participation in the intervention. The post-intervention and delayed post-intervention results show that pre-service educators perceived that their understanding of the concept had improved. The results also show a perception of the positive role that biosphere reserve sites can play in early childhood education. Three critical implications emerged from the overall quantitative and qualitative results: (1) specific support should be given for early childhood environmental education training; (2) biosphere reserve functions provide support for efforts to improve connections to nature; (3) early childhood education has the potential to support the broadening of the biosphere reserve audience.
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| 9. |
- Brante, Eva Wennås, 1961
(författare)
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Stand together or fall alone. Narratives from former teachers.
- 2012
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Ingår i: Narrative Works. - 1925-0622. ; 2:2, s. 20-40
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In 2004 as many as 25% of teachers in Sweden, Denmark, and England were willing to leave their profession immediately; in the United States much effort has been invested in studying why teachers leave the profession. In this paper, four teachers who left the profession were interviewed from within the life- story tradition. In the narratives, which were rendered in a poetic style during the analysis, colleagues were mentioned both positively and negatively. The theme of having colleagues, and especially trust or mistrust between colleagues, was thus explored. The existence or nonexistence of lateral trust between teachers can be connected both to school development and to student learning outcomes.
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| 10. |
- Edmark, Karin Margret, et al.
(författare)
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The impact of attending an independent upper secondary school : Evidence from Sweden using school ranking data
- 2021
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Ingår i: Economics of Education Review. - : Elsevier BV. - 0272-7757 .- 1873-7382. ; 84
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Since the 1990s, the Swedish education market has gone through a dramatic transformation due to the introduction of voucher-funded independent schools. We make use of data on school applications to condition on student preferences for independent versus public education, and estimate a positive relationship between independent upper secondary school attendance and grades, graduation rates, and post-secondary education. We however also find strong indications of more lenient grading standards in independent schools, especially in schools organized as for-profit entities and in schools with a low share of qualified teachers. Our results suggest that, although independent school attendance seems to benefit the individual students in terms of higher grades and increased transition to post-secondary studies, grade inflation in the Swedish upper secondary independent schools may be a serious problem.
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