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- Huskaj, Gazmend, et al.
(författare)
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Designing attack infrastructure for offensive cyberspace operations
- 2020
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 19th European Conference on Cyber Warfare and Security. - Reading, UK : Academic Conferences and Publishing International Limited. - 9781912764617 - 9781912764624 ; , s. 473-482
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article addresses the question ‘what considerations should be taken by cyber commands when designing attack infrastructure for offensive operations?’. Nation-states are investing in equipping units tasked to conduct offensive cyberspace operations. Generating ‘deny, degrade, disrupt, destroy or deceive’ effects on adversary targets requires to move from own (‘green’), through neutral (‘grey’), to adversary (‘red’) cyberspace. The movement is supported by attack infrastructure for offensive cyberspace operations. In this paper, we review the professional and scientific literature identifying the requirements for designing an attack infrastructure. Next, we develop and define the concepts for attack infrastructure. Finally, we explain and describe the considerations for designing attack infrastructure. The research question is answered by proposing a framework for designing attack infrastructure. This framework is vital for military and civilian commands designing attack infrastructure for offensive cyberspace operations.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Bousquet, Antoine
(författare)
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A Brief History of Wargames
- 2015
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Ingår i: Simulation, Exercise, Operations. - Falmouth : Urbanomic. - 9780993045868
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 4. |
- Brynielsson, Joel
(författare)
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Using AI and games for decision support in command and control
- 2007
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Ingår i: Decision Support Systems. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-9236 .- 1873-5797. ; 43:4, s. 1454-1463
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Developers of tomorrow's command and control centers are facing numerous problems related to the vast amount of available information obtained from various sources. On a lower level, huge amounts of uncertain reports from different sensors need to be fused into comprehensible information. On a higher level, representation and management of the aggregated information will be the main task, with prediction of future course of events being the uttermost goal. Unfortunately, traditional agent modeling techniques do not capture situations where commanders make decisions based on other commanders' reasoning about one's own reasoning. To cope with this problem, we propose a decision support tool for command and control situation awareness enhancements based on game theory for inference and coupled with traditional AI methods for uncertainty modeling.
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| 5. |
- Fox Franke, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
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Network Time Security for the Network Time Protocol
- 2020
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Rapport (refereegranskat)abstract
- This memo specifies Network Time Security (NTS), a mechanism for using Transport Layer Security (TLS) and Authenticated Encryption with Associated Data (AEAD) to provide cryptographic security for the client-server mode of the Network Time Protocol (NTP).NTS is structured as a suite of two loosely coupled sub-protocols. The first (NTS Key Establishment (NTS-KE)) handles initial authentication and key establishment over TLS. The second (NTS Extension Fields for NTPv4) handles encryption and authentication during NTP time synchronization via extension fields in the NTP packets, and holds all required state only on the client via opaque cookies.
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| 6. |
- Iftimie, Ion A., et al.
(författare)
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Strengthening the cybersecurity of smart grids : The role of artificial intelligence in resiliency of substation intelligent electronic devices
- 2020
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 19th European Conference on Cyber Warfare and Security. - Reading, UK : Academic Conferences and Publishing International Limited. - 9781912764617 - 9781912764624 ; , s. 143-150, s. 143-150
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Executive Order 13800—Strengthening the Cybersecurity of Federal Networks and Critical Infrastructure—issued by the President of the United States, calls for an evaluation of the “readiness and gaps in the United States’ ability to manage and mitigate consequences of a cyber incident against the electricity subsector.” In May of 2018, the Office of Management and Budget finished evaluating the 96 risk assessments conducted by various agencies and published Federal Cybersecurity Risk Determination Report and Action Plan (Risk Report). While the report embraced a broad defending forward strategy, it made no reference to smart grids or their vulnerable intelligent substations and did not address how federal agencies plan to respond to emerging threats to these systems. While the paper does not discuss how to attack the smart grids in the cyber domain, the contribution to the academic debate lies in validating some of the vulnerabilities of the grid’s substations in order for government, private industry, academia, and civil society to better collaborate in disrupting or halting malicious cyber activities before they disrupt the power supply of the United States and its Transatlantic allies. We also discuss how Artificial Intelligence and related techniques can mitigate security risks to cyber-physical systems. Until this technology becomes available, however, standardization of cyber security efforts must be enforced through regulatory means, such as the enforcement of security-by-design Intelligent Electronic Devices and protocols for the smart grid.
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