| 1. |
- Bengtsson, Lars, 1963
(författare)
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Embedded FPGA systems : VHDL programming and soft CPU systems
- 2018
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This textbook introduces the reader to VHDL which is a Hardware Description Language, i.e. a means to describe digital electronic circuits in a text editor and how to compile this text into electronics. The first part is concluded by writing VHDL code for a simple CPU (a "soft CPU"). In the second part, a commercial soft CPU is downloaded to the FPGA target circuit and programmed in C.
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| 2. |
- Bengtsson, Lars, 1963
(författare)
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Embedded Measurement Systems
- 2013
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The subject of Embedded Measurement Systems (EMS) is the merging of embedded systems and electrical measurement systems. This indicates that EMSs are hardware-software systems dedicated to measuring one or a few physical quantities. Applications are numerous; EMSs measure the temperature in refrigerators, freezers, irons, ovens and automobile combustion engines, they sense vibrations in tilt alarms and game consoles, they measure airflow in engines and ventilation systems, they measure shock impact in crash detectors and are used as shock and temperature loggers for transport goods, they measure air pressure in airplane cabins, humidity in air-conditioned environments, they measure liquid levels in fuel tanks, they detect smoke in fire alarms, they measure the viscosity of lubricant oil in engines, they measure the rotation speed of spinning wheels (in any engine), they measure torque in engines and are used as heart rate and ECG detectors in medicine etc. The commercial demand for ever cheaper products and worldwide environmental legislations force vendors to continuously look for more cost-efficient and less power-consuming solutions for their embedded measurement systems. This thesis is concerned most of all with the implementation of cost-efficient/low-power measurement systems in embedded controllers. This includes some novel ideas in voltage, time and resistance measurements with embedded controllers and it will demonstrate how these quantities, analog in nature, can be measured accurately and precisely by inherently digital embedded controllers.
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| 3. |
- Bengtsson, Lars, 1963
(författare)
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Single-Chip Implementation of Level-Crossing ADC for ECG sampling
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Electrical & Electronic Systems. - : OMICS Publishing Group. - 2332-0796. ; 6:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This work demonstrates for the first time the implementation of a level-crossing analog-to-digital converter (LC-ADC) in a single, commercially available IC (that costs less than $2). The implementation utilizes adaptive threshold levels in order to prevent overload distortions for fast-changing signals. The entire design is based on a 20-pin PIC16F1769 microcontroller from Microchip and no external components are required. In fact, the only external circuitry required is a single jumper wire. This is due to the fact that the new generation of microcontrollers have integrated core-independent hardware, analog as well as digital. This design takes full advantage of the core-independent logic and analog blocks in a PIC16F17xx circuit to implement the LC-ADC technique that so far has required multiple-circuit designs or ASIC implementation. The design is demonstrated on a standard electrocardiogram (ECG) signal.
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| 4. |
- Behdadi, Dorna, 1988, et al.
(författare)
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A Normative Approach to Artificial Moral Agency
- 2020
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Ingår i: Minds and Machines. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0924-6495 .- 1572-8641. ; 30:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper proposes a methodological redirection of the philosophical debate on artificial moral agency (AMA) in view of increasingly pressing practical needs due to technological development. This “normative approach” suggests abandoning theoretical discussions about what conditions may hold for moral agency and to what extent these may be met by artificial entities such as AI systems and robots. Instead, the debate should focus on how and to what extent such entities should be included in human practices normally assuming moral agency and responsibility of participants. The proposal is backed up by an analysis of the AMA debate, which is found to be overly caught in the opposition between so-called standard and functionalist conceptions of moral agency, conceptually confused and practically inert. Additionally, we outline some main themes of research in need of attention in light of the suggested normative approach to AMA.
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| 5. |
- Bengtsson, Lars, 1963, et al.
(författare)
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LowLevel C programming for Designers
- 2015
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This book is concerned with C programming from an embedded systems engieer's point of view. That inlcudes writing device drivers for hardware with limited resources in terms of available instruction and data memory. A 32-bit soft CPU is implemented on an FPGA and theory is illustrated by detailed examples and cases.
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| 6. |
- Rosenstatter, Thomas, 1992, et al.
(författare)
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REMIND: A Framework for the Resilient Design of Automotive Systems
- 2020
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In the past years, great effort has been spent on enhancing the security and safety of vehicular systems. Current advances in information and communication technology have increased the complexity of these systems and lead to extended functionalities towards self-driving and more connectivity. Unfortunately, these advances open the door for diverse and newly emerging attacks that hamper the security and, thus, the safety of vehicular systems. In this paper, we contribute to supporting the design of resilient automotive systems. We review and analyze scientific literature on resilience techniques, fault tolerance, and dependability. As a result, we present the REMIND resilience framework providing techniques for attack detection, mitigation, recovery, and resilience endurance. Moreover, we provide guidelines on how the REMIND framework can be used against common security threats and attacks and further discuss the trade-offs when applying these guidelines.
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| 7. |
- Berger, Christian, et al.
(författare)
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Over 60,000 km in a year: remotely collecting large-volume high-quality data from a logistics truck
- 2022
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Ingår i: Sn Applied Sciences. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2523-3963 .- 2523-3971. ; 4:10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- After the first successful large-scale demonstration of eleven self-driving vehicles at the DARPA Urban Challenge in 2007, research results from the competing teams found their way into advanced driver systems (ADAS) that support typical driving tasks like adaptive cruise control and semi-automated parking. However, as of today, SAE Level 4 vehicles are not commercially available yet, which would allow the driver to be inattentive for longer periods. Hence, SAE Level 3, which represents partial automation yet continuously monitored by a human operator, may provide a step towards a viable SAE Level 4 product especially for commercial freight logistics. However, large amounts of data from such freight operations is needed to study the unique challenges in such use cases. In this paper, we present the system and software architecture of an end-to-end data logging solution, which is capable of recording large volumes of high-quality data. The system is installed in a commercial truck that is in daily operation by a logistics company and hence, the recorded data is only accessible remotely (i.e., over-the-air). We report about the fail-safe system design, initial findings from over one year of operation, as well as our lessons learned. During its first year of operation, the truck was used for 210 days by the logistics company, out of which 193 days were logged resulting in more than 4.5 TB of data from five cameras, two GNSS-IMU sensors, and six on-board vehicle controller area networks (CAN) busses. We demonstrate the value of the proposed end-to-end approach for traffic and driver behavior research by analyzing the uploaded data in the cloud to spot critical events such as unexpected harsh braking maneuvers caused by lane merging operations.
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| 8. |
- Bernasconi, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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From model checking to a temporal proof for partial models
- 2017
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Ingår i: Lecture Notes in Computer Science (including subseries Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence and Lecture Notes in Bioinformatics). - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 1611-3349 .- 0302-9743. ; 10469 LNCS, s. 54-69
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Three-valued model checking has been proposed to support verification when some portions of the model are unspecified. Given a formal property, the model checker returns true if the property is satisfied, false and a violating behavior if it is not, maybe and a possibly violating behavior if it is possibly satisfied, i.e., its satisfaction may depend on how the unspecified parts are refined. Model checking, however, does not explain the reasons why a property holds, or possibly holds. Theorem proving can instead do it by providing a formal proof that explains why a property holds, or possibly holds in a system. Integration of theorem proving with model checking has only been studied for classical two-valued logic – hence, for fully specified models. This paper proposes a unified approach that enriches three-valued model checking with theorem proving to generate proofs which explain why true and maybe results are returned.
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| 9. |
- Durisic, Darko, et al.
(författare)
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Message from the WASA 2018 Organizing Committee
- 2018
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Ingår i: Proceedings - 2018 IEEE 15th International Conference on Software Architecture Companion, ICSA-C 2018.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- © 2018 IEEE. With the advent of software and electronics, automotive companies are enabling innovation to improve safety, security, driver experience, and driving automation. Moreover, the complexity and size of software keep growing because of future innovations, such as adaptive cruise control, lane keeping, self-learning algorithms, etc, which all leads to the ultimate goal of autonomous driving. Consequently, increasing use of software over the years, introduced the paradigm shift by requiring automotive companies to develop their systems using architecture and model-based techniques. Although model-based techniques using e.g. MATLAB/Simulink and Stateflow are being accepted in the automotive industry as standard languages and tooling for developing automotive control software, the techniques for system and software architecture are still far from being widely accepted. This is excluding the AUTOSAR standard, which defines the language for designing and configuring automotive software architectures and identifies major architectural components of automotive systems.
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| 10. |
- Ranisch, Robert, et al.
(författare)
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Ethics of digital contact tracing apps for the Covid-19 pandemic response
- 2020
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- There is a growing interest in contact tracing apps (CT apps) for pandemic man- agement. These apps raise significant moral concerns. It is therefore crucial to consider ethical requirements before and while implementing such apps. Public trust is of major importance for population uptake of contact tracing apps. Hasty, ill-prepared or badly communicated implementations of CT apps will likely under- mine public trust, and as such, risk impeding general effectiveness. In response to these demands, to meet ethical requirements and find a basis for justified trust, this background introduces an ethical framework for a responsible design and implementation of CT apps. However, even prudently chosen measures of digital contact tracing carry moral costs, which makes it necessary address different trade-offs. This background paper aims to inform developers, researchers and decision-makers be- fore and throughout the process of implementing contact tracing apps.
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