| 1. |
- Dabhilkar, Mandar, et al.
(författare)
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Supplier selection or collaboration? : Determining factors of performance improvement when outsourcing manufacturing
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of Purchasing and Supply Management. - : Elsevier BV. - 1478-4092 .- 1873-6505. ; 15:3, s. 143-153
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An empirical study was designed to determine factors of performance improvement when outsourcing manufacturing. Findings from a survey of 136 manufacturing plants in Sweden show that most of them achieve their outsourcing motives, but not without trade-offs. Factors of performance improvements such as economies of scale or operations in low-cost countries can improve one performance dimension, such as product cost, yet negatively impact volume flexibility, speed or product innovation. The results show part characteristics and supplier operating capabilities are more important than supplier relationship strategies when outsourcing manufacturing, meaning that supplier selection trumps supplier collaboration in the make-or-buy decision.
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| 2. |
- Shetty, Sandeep
(författare)
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Optimization of Vehicle Structures under Uncertainties
- 2017
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Advancements in simulation tools and computer power have made it possible to incorporate simulation-based structural optimization in the automotive product development process. However, deterministic optimization without considering uncertainties such as variations in material properties, geometry or loading conditions might result in unreliable optimum designs. In this thesis, the capability of some established approaches to perform design optimization under uncertainties is assessed, and new improved methods are developed. In particular, vehicle structural problems which involve computationally expensive Finite Element (FE) simulations, are addressed.The first paper focuses on the evaluation of robustness, given some variation in input parameters, the capabilities of three well-known metamodels are evaluated. In the second paper, a comparative study of deterministic, reliability-based and robust design optimization approaches is performed. It is found that the overall accuracy of the single-stage (global) metamodels, which are used in the above study, is acceptable for deterministic optimization. However, the accuracy of performance variation prediction (local sensitivity) must be improved. In the third paper, a decoupled reliability-based design optimization (RBDO) approach is presented. In this approach, metamodels are employed for the deterministic optimization only while the uncertainty analysis is performed using FE simulations in order to ensure its accuracy.In the fifth paper, two new sequential sampling strategies are introduced that aim to improve the accuracy of the metamodels efficiently in critical regions. The capabilities of the methods presented are illustrated using analytical examples and a vehicle structural application.It is important to accurately represent physical variations in material properties since these might exert a major influence on the results. In previous work these variations have been treated in a simplified manner and the consequences of these simplifications have been poorly understood. In the fourth paper, the accuracy of several simple methods in representing the real material variation has been studied. It is shown that a scaling of the nominal stress-strain curve based on the Rm scatter is the best choice of the evaluated choices, when limited material data is available.In this thesis work, new pragmatic methods for non-deterministic optimization of large scale vehicle structural problems have been developed. The RBDO methods developed are shown to be flexible, more efficient and reasonably accurate, which enables their implementation in the current automotive product development process.
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| 3. |
- Elg, Mattias, 1968-, et al.
(författare)
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The Future of Work for Quality Management – Challenges in the Digitalized Era
- 2018
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Purpose Digitalization provides both challenges and opportunities for Quality Management (QM). The purpose of this paper is to identify challenges induced by digitalization on current QM practices, in order to uncover the potential of how QM may support digitalization in organizations. This issue is addressed through an analytical framework that stresses two dimensions: first exploration and exploitation of digitalized QM processes and second value creation, which is performed by the customer or in interaction facilitated by the provider. Design/methodology/approach This paper is based on a cross-case study design with interview data collected from 33 quality management professionals in four large Swedish organizations. Findings Six different challenges and corresponding roles are proposed for QM: The gardener involved in the design of the many different currently utilized technologies; the bridge-builder - a role that connects implemented digitalized solutions that enable the movement from human-to-human to a human-to-digital interface; the assistant a contributor to better value in the customer sphere for already implemented digitalized solutions; the architect including planning, designs, and reviews together with many different stakeholders; the connector focusing on the continuous management of value-in-use and open up for opportunities for continuous interaction and value-adding; and explorer drawing attention towards the challenges of the existing power structures. Originality/value This paper contributes with empirical evidence on challenges induced by digitalization, an area often discussed but not as often studied empirically. Further, the study identifies challenges of digitalization affecting both exploitative and explorative practices throughout an organisations value-creation process.
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| 4. |
- Hellman, Pasi, et al.
(författare)
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Development of Quality Management Systems : How Have Disruptive Technological Innovations in Quality Management Affected Organizations?
- 2013
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Ingår i: Quality Innovation Prosperity. - : Quality Innovation Prosperity. - 1335-1745 .- 1338-984X. ; 17:1, s. 104-119
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This research investigates the history of quality and development of quality management systems. History of quality is investigated from Hammurabi’s law all the way to today’s reigning quality initiatives including ISO, Six Sigma and Lean manufacturing. In the last chapters the current state of quality management is being examined. The foresight method is also opened up and examined. The Innovator’s dilemma concept, originally presented by Clayton Christensen, is used to analyse how quality management systems have been evolved in the last 100 years. Special emphasis is placed on the US manufacturing in the 1970s and 1980s. Based on the literature, the concept of Innovator’s dilemma and the fall of US manufacturing are merged. The result is a prime example that the Innovator’s Dilemma is a universal phenomenon. The industry leader is trying to maintain its position and do everything right but still it is destined to fail. The causes and effects are being discussed in later chapters.
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| 5. |
- Hermans, Johanna, et al.
(författare)
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Quality management in the new product development : A PPAP approach
- 2013
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Ingår i: Quality Innovation Prosperity. - : Quality Innovation Prosperity. - 1335-1745 .- 1338-984X. ; 17:2, s. 37-51
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this paper is to test Production Part Approval Process (PPAP) as a tool to build quality into the new product and processes and ensure that it meets the customer expectations. Research method is qualitative method using so called case-study to study the suitability of PPAP as a tool for quality management by building quality right into the new product and process. The case studies have been made with three different kinds of companies. PPAP is suitable tool for quality management in NPD processes when taking into account many requirements about personnel, processes, documentation etc. The paper has some limitations such as limited sample size. The results are encouraging managers to use PPAP as a tool for managing their company’s product development processes, quality work and supply chain partnerships. The manner in which the stakeholders could use to facilitate a sense of partnerships or co-workers aiming the same goals rather than have a traditional customer-seller relationship was valued in this study.
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| 6. |
- Si, Shubin, et al.
(författare)
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Benchmarking and developing the operational competitiveness of Chinese state-owned manufacturing enterprises in a global context
- 2010
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Ingår i: International Journal of Innovation and Learning. - : InderScience Publishers. - 1471-8197 .- 1741-8089. ; 7:2, s. 202-222
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this paper is to study the operational competitiveness of Chinese State-Owned Manufacturing Enterprises (CSOMEs) by analysing the case CSOME and comparing it with other global manufacturing companies in a Global Manufacturing Strategies (GMSS) database for developing innovation and learning. Analytical models are used to analyse the operational competitiveness of the case CSOME and its subsidiaries based on the weights of the multicriteria manufacturing strategies. The operational competitiveness development of its subsidiaries are applied to predict the future operational competitiveness of the case CSOME in a global context. The results show that quality is the most important competitive priority of the case CSOME and the case CSOME have some advantages when competing in a prospector group. The ranking and stability of the operational competitiveness of the case CSOME imply that: (1) the top CSOMEs have a strong operational competitiveness in the global context; however, they have some gaps compared to the top manufacturing enterprises in the world and (2) it will take a long time for the top CSOMEs to improve their operational competitiveness because of a huge organisational structure. Copyright © 2010 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.
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| 7. |
- Hedelind, Mikael, et al.
(författare)
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Factory-in-a-Box - Solutions for Availability and Mobility of Flexible Production Capacity
- 2007
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Ingår i: The Swedish Production Symposium,2007.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective of this paper is to present examples of how to realize a flexible and reconfigurable production system. An ongoing research project in Sweden called Factory-in-a-Box will be presented which is one research initiative within this area. The purpose of the Factory-in-a-Box project is to develop solutions for mobile production capacity on demand. Three key features have been identified as enablers for these kinds of production capabilities: mobility, flexibility, and speed. The concept consists of standardized modules that can be installed in e.g. containers and easily transported by trucks, rail vehicles, and boats. The modules can easily be combined into complete production systems and reconfigured for new products and/or scaled to handle new volumes. The goal of the Factory-in-a-Box project is to build fully operative production modules that are developed in close cooperation between different academic and industrial partners. This paper will present the results from these demonstrators giving examples of the usability of the Factory-in-a-Box concept in industry.
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| 8. |
- Persson, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Clamp Force Accuracy in Threaded Fastener Joints Using Different Torque Control Tightening Strategies
- 2021
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Ingår i: SAE technical paper series. - 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States : SAE International. - 0148-7191. ; :2021
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The assembly of threaded fasteners may seem straightforward. However, there are many factors to consider to achieve quality tightened joints, including the joint material, threaded fastener, and coatings. Additionally, there are many assembly tool types and torque application strategies to choose from. This investigation studies the tightening speed dynamics when using torque as a control method. The clamp force obtained in the joint changes when tightening at high speed or when the speed varies greatly during tightening. This type of tightening is called highly dynamic. Highly dynamic torque control tightening strategies are studied, such as impact, pulse, and inertia-controlled methods, and compared with the continuous drive strategy, which is a standard dynamic torque tightening method. The clamp force and its scatter caused by the torque accuracy in the assembly tool type are investigated for the abovementioned torque application strategies. The study also focuses on the different results obtained from the International Organization for Standardization’s (ISO) 16047:2005 (Fasteners-Torque/clamp force testing) standard compared to a production-like setup.
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| 9. |
- Cronemyr, Peter, 1963-
(författare)
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Six Sigma management. Action research with some contributions to theories and methods.
- 2007
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Many companies around the world have implemented Six Sigma as a problem solving methodology especially useful for dealing with recurring problems in business processes. Since the 1980s when it was developed at Motorola, many companies have tried to implement Six Sigma to fit their own company’s culture and goals. This thesis presents a longitudinal case study describing the evolution of ‘Six Sigma Management’ at Siemens in Sweden. The success of the programme was to a large degree built on previous failures, confirming Juran’s old saying ‘Failure is a gold mine’. From the case study, success factors for implementing Six Sigma at Siemens are identified and compared to those given in the literature. Some of the most critical success factors identified at Siemens had not been mentioned as such in the literature before. The main conclusion of the study is that, in order to succeed and get sustainable results from a Six Sigma programme, Six Sigma should be integrated with Process Management, instead of just running Six Sigma as a separate initiative in an organisation. Furthermore, the thesis includes papers presenting methods and tools to be used in a Six Sigma programme or in Six Sigma projects. They deal with: how to identify suitable Six Sigma projects, how to select which Six Sigma methodology to use, how to find hidden misunderstandings between people from different knowledge domains, and how to simulate the impact of improvements to iterative processes. All these methods and tools have been developed and tested at Siemens. This has been an action research project, where the author has been employed by the company under investigation for eleven years and has actively influenced the changes in the company based on knowledge gained at the company as well as on research studies conducted at universities. In action research the change initiative under investigation is conducted and analysed in a single context. The readers are invited to draw their own conclusions on the applicability of the results to their own specific cases. In addition to this, some conclusions derived using analytical generalisation, applicable to a more general case, are presented in the thesis.
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| 10. |
- Danielsson, Per-Erik
(författare)
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Implementations of the Convolution Operation
- 1982
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The first part of this article surveys a large number of implementations of the convolution operation (which is also known as the sum-of-products, the inner product) based on a systematic exploration of index permutations. First we assume a limited amount of parallelism in the form of an adder. Next, multipliers and RAM:s are utilized. The so called distributed arithmetic follows naturally from this approach.The second part brings in the concept of pipelining on the bitlevel to obtain high throughput convolvers adapted for VLSI-design (systolic arrays). The serial/parallel multiplier is analyzed in a way that unravels a vast amount new variations. Even more interesting, all these new variations can be carried over to serial/parallel convolvers. These novel devices can be implemented as linear structures of identical cells where the multipliers are embedded at equidistant intervals.
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